Fitowa mai dari Sus 304l

Asme B36.19m ita ce madaidaiciyar ƙira don bututun ƙarfe na bakin ciki, wanda ke haifar da girma, haƙuri, da abubuwan sarrafawa don duka welded da balessan bututu.

Allioy 800 shine nickel-baƙin ƙarfe-chromium rehoy tare da ƙarfi da kuma kyakkyawan jure hadawan abu da iskar shaka da lalata a yanayin zafi a babban yanayin zafi. Astm B407 Unguwa N08800 incoloy 800 W. NR. 1.4876 ALDEDEDEDed bututu ana amfani da shi sosai don gina kayan aiki suna buƙatar juriya na lalata, ƙarfin yanayin zafi, ƙarfi, ƙarfi, ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali don sabis har zuwa 1500 ° C).

Nilo \ / allioy k w.nr .: 1.3981
AN KARANTA: K94610 ASM F15
Gyara-expansion gilashin fadada-nickel-Nickel-cogert Aloleys, KOVAR Alloys, kuna da daidaituwa na zafi a cikin wani yanki mai wahala a cikin kewayon yanayin zafi
Don canjin sutura tare da gilashi mai wahala

Nickel 200 flanges flanges na nickel 200 flanges sagewa ne, gyara da tsayayye, kuma ku sami lafiya. Haka kuma, Astm B564 asa mara nasara flanges flashe ne a cikin tsaka tsaki da oxidizing, sa su zama cikakke don amfani da kayan aiki na abinci.

Astm ATM A240 Type 2205 Farantin shine kwando na Bakin Karfe wanda ake amfani dashi sosai a cikin masana'antu daban-daban, da binciken mai da injin gas, da injin gas. Sa 240 gr 2205 takaddun an yi shi ne daga aji na 2205 bakin karfe, wanda shine haɗakar ferritic da ƙarfe na yau da kullun.

Ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin yanayin bincike da gas da gas kuma a cikin masu musayar zafi a cikin petrochemical \ / sarrafa sunadarai.

Yana nuna kyakkyawar juriya ga tsaka tsaki da rage mahalli. Wannan alloy yaso da isasshen oxide, fim mai kariya wanda baya kashewa, amma yana riƙe da manyan juriya da iskar shaka ta iskar shaka a cikin yanayin zafi.

M 718 wani Nickel ne-chromium-tushen allurai wanda ake amfani dashi a cikin manyan aikace-aikace na babban-matsakaici kamar turbues da gas turnes. Ofaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke haifar da samar da Astm B670 Cikin Cikin Tsarin M.18 shine farantin mura. Akwai manyan nau'ikan farantin m 718 suna samuwa a kasuwa: zafi birgima da sanyi mirgine faranti.

Nilo Aloy 36, W.NR 1.3912, Haɗin kai-baƙin ƙarfe ne, faɗaɗa nichoon wanda ya ƙunshi kashi 36% kuma yana da ƙimar haɓakawa na goma da goma.
Gyara 36 Bayanin Bayanai: Unps K93600, W.NR 1.3912

Mugun da ba shi da iyaka 600 na zagaye shine tushen Nickel tare da Carburization da kuma kyakkyawan lalata juriya a babban yanayin zafi. Baruna marasa amfani guda 600 suna da tasiri a kan bushewa CL2 da sauran gas daban-daban a m yanayin zafi. Alloy 600 mashaya wani Nickoy tare da kyawawan juriya na oxidation da kuma tsayayya ga lalata ruwa na childation da acidation na cin hanci da ruwa a cikin yanayin zafi.

Alliy 800 weld wuyan waka muna da tsananin suna a masana'antar don samar da manyan flanges daban-daban na samar da wasu abokan cinikinmu. Mun kera infinoy 800 flanges waɗanda suke dogara kuma suna da inganci. Muna amfani da albarkatu da kayan aikin haɓaka da haɓaka haɓaka don samar da Astm B564 mara nauyi N0880 indoloy 800 flanges.

Ana amfani da bututun mai sauri a masana'antu a cikin manyan masana'antu ciki har da sarrafawa na petrochemical, masana'antar sarrafa kayan aikin sunadarai, masu girki da tsire-tsire mai.

Sunayen Kasuwanci gama gari: Nickel Aloy 36, Harry 36®, Nilo 6®, Pernifer 6®
Girman kai 36® nickel-baƙin ƙarfe ne, ƙaramin bayanihonan da ya ƙunshi 36% Nickel - 500 ° C).
Invar 36 od od: 0.2-6mm, wt: 0.02-22mm

A 316 Bakin Karfe PIPE ya zama kayan da ba makawa ga ɓangaren masana'antu. Wannan yana yin farin ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe da kuma chrome an san shi ne saboda babban juriya ga lalata, kazalika da karkatarwar sa. 316 Bakin karfe Tushewar za'a iya samar da su a duka baby da ba da haske don biyan takamaiman bukatun abokin ciniki.

Wannan yana bayar da inganta juriya ga sulfuric acid. Hakanan yana da babban abun ciki na chromium, don haɓaka juriya game da sinadarai da ƙayyadowin da ke gurbata tare da ferric ions da kuma narkar da ointen oints kuma narkar da oxygen.

Mafi Girma Chromium, Molybdenum da ke haifar da haifar da juriya daidai da lambar Austenitic da Duplex bakin ruwa mai mahimmanci a sama kusan 50¡aya.

Kamfanin jirgin sama mai sauri
Manufofin masu tsayayya da saurin saurin sauri suna amfani da su ne da masana'antar sarrafa sinadarai. Bukatar ingantaccen aiki tana haifar da karbara da ci gaban su a bangarorin makamashi, lafiya da gas, man gas da masana'antar Gas na Gas.

Nickel-tagulla na tushen Singy 400 Monel 2.4360 sanyi Drawny sanda shi ne kusan hanyoyin lalata da ke tattare da kafaffiyar hanya a cikin mahalli na yau da kullun. Monel 400 ne jan ƙarfe da na nickel dangane da wannan sanannen ya shahara a yau saboda babban aikinta. Alloy yana da kyakkyawan acid da alkali resistance. Bugu da kari, yana da ƙarfi mai yawa, karkara, kyakkyawan aiki, kuma yana iya taurare ta hanyar aikin sanyi. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani dashi a aikace-aikace tare da yanayin zafi daga debe ga digiri 538 Celsius.

316l 1.4401 S31603 bututun karfe mai yawa wanda aka saba amfani dashi a aikace-aikacen masana'antu da kasuwanci. Wannan ss esp unpe s31603 an yi shi ne daga ingancin karfe 316l karfe tare da kyakkyawan farin ƙarfe ga lalata wurare ko aikace-aikacen zartarwar damuwa.

Smi 254 bututu na iya jure high danniya danniya da alloy 254 Sco Pipe mai tsayi mai tsayi a cikin yanayin zafi da kuma mahalli marasa galihu.

An tsara Monel 400 a matsayin lambar Werkstoff 2.4360 da und N04400. Alloy 400 PIP 400 PIPE wanda aka sani da Monel Alloy 400 bututu, monel 400 bututu & nickel Alloy 400 bututu.

Unguwa da aka ambata kamar Alloy Al6xn Al6xn shine ƙananan carbon, babban tsarki, nitrogen-moldenum super-molyitenum reurmeri da kyakkyawan juriya ga lalata da kuma kyakkyawan lalata.

Akwai wadatattun masu sauri na C2000 da ke girma da kuma kauri, wannan nau'in Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum Almara da juriya na lalata.

A789 S31803 da unpents S32205 maki biyu ne na Duplex Bakin Karfe wanda aka yi amfani da shi a aikace-aikace da yawa masana'antu. Wadannan dollex S31803 bututun ruwa sun san su don kyakkyawan lalata juriya, babban ƙarfi, da kuma walwala. A789 tabbatacciyar ƙayyadadden abubuwa ne wanda ke rufe tubes da welded tubes da aka sanya daga Duplex bakin karfe.

Al6xn wani seprenitic bakin karfe tare da fitattun juriya ga chloride pittroation, vervice lalata da damuwa ciwon jiki. Al6xn shine 6 na Aloly Alloy wanda aka inganta don kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin mahalli mai tsauri. Yana da babban nickel (24%), mlybdenum (6.3%), nitrogen da chromium m crossion crosros crossion crosros, chloride m jonishration, da kuma na kwarai na lalata juriya. Al6xn an yi amfani da shi da farko don inganta rikicewa da ganyayyaki lalata juriya a cikin chlawed. Yana da sinadari mai kyau da walwala.

Nickel Alhoy 400 da na onel 400, wanda kuma aka sani da unƙasa Nickoy na jan ƙarfe da aka kunshi da farko na biyu cikin uku nickel da na uku nickel da na uku nickel da kuma na uku nickel da na uku nickel da na uku nickel da kuma na uku nickel. Nickel Alloy 400 an san shi da juriya game da yanayin lalata yanayi, gami da Alkalis (ko acidros), ruwan gishiri, acid. Tunda Monel 400 ko Alloy 400 karfe ne mai sanyi, wannan rigakafin yana da wuya, taurin kai da ƙarfi. Ta hanyar sanyi Astm B164 uns n04400 mashin n04400 san hannun jari, an gina alloy zuwa matakan mikiya na inji, wanda kuma ya haifar da canje-canje a cikin Microstruchure a cikin Microstruchure a cikin Microsoy na Microstruchture.

Incoloy 800h flange muna da karfi suna da karfi a cikin masana'antar don samar da manyan flanges daban-daban iri wanda zai dace da bukatun abokan cinikinmu. Mun kera infinoy 800 flanges waɗanda suke dogara kuma suna da inganci. Muna amfani da albarkatu da kayan aikin haɓaka da haɓaka haɓaka don samar da Astm B564 mara nauyi N0880 indoloy 800 flanges.

Zai iya yin tsayayya da ƙamshi da yawa na oxidizing da marasa amfani da ba su haifar da juriya da tsayayya da tashin hankali da kuma harin da sauran halides.

Balagagge na titanium kusan kashi 60% na bakin karfe da allon nickel, wannan tanadi mai nauyi yana sa ya zama sanannen sanannen zaɓi a cikin aikace-aikacen inda Aerospace.

Nickel tushen 800 incoloy pipe an san shi da kyau da lalata ga lalata. Ainihin magana, wanda ke cikin Incoloy 800 bututu yana ba da isasshen juriya game da carburitization duka da lalata hadawa da iskar shaka.

Domin isar da bututun, ya zama dole don cire madaidaiciyar tiyo a cikin bututun. A lokacin da amfani da bututun burodi daban-daban, dole ne a yi amfani da bututun da aka yi amfani da bututun. Lokacin da ake amfani da bututun mai, gwiwar hannu dole ne a yi amfani da shi don canza girman bututun. A lokacin da Bugurcating, flangarfin hanya uku da flange ake amfani da shi lokacin da ake amfani da bututun bututun bututun mai yawa, don isa ga hadarin da aka watsa da nisa da haɗin gwiwa da kuma haɗin gwiwa na nesa da haɗin bututun mai. , A cikin haɗin daban-daban kayan kida, akwai kuma masu haɗin da kuma matosks na kayan aiki.

Abubuwan da ke da kayan aikin na injin da ba su dace ba, wanda ya shahara cikin masana'antu daban-daban. Misali, Astm B366 Rashin N07718 Rashin Ingantaccen 718 Fittings suna da ƙarfin creepruturearfin ƙarfi a tsawan yanayin zafi har zuwa 700 digiri Celsius.

Bakin karfe mai ƙarfe an yi shi ne da 18-8 \ / 304 bakin karfe don shiga karfe ƙarfe da katako na itace. An kuma yi amfani da su da ƙwallon ƙarfe bakin ƙarfe, sukurori, studs, sandunan da aka yiwa da kuma duk wani saurin ƙarfe na bakin ciki tare da zaren injin. Bakin karfe masu ƙarfe da kwayoyi suna haɗuwa da Asme B18.2.2-2015 da Asme B1.1-2003 matakan.

Type 304 Bakin Karfe Babbar Si 300 Bakin Karfe Austenitic. Yana da mafi ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta 18% na cromium da 8% nickel, haɗe tare da matsakaicin 0.08% carbon. An bayyana shi azaman Chromium-Nickel Ausoy.304 ana amfani da bakin karfe don ɗakunan gidaje da kayan aiki, da kayan masarufi, kayan kwalliya, da kayan shaye-shaye, da kuma shayewa, kayan masarufi, da kuma shayar da kayan masarufi, da kayan shaye-shaye, da kuma shayar da kayan masarufi, da kayan shaye-shaye. 304 Bakin karfe an yi amfani da shi a cikin filin masana'anta don na waje kamar ruwa da fasali na wuta. Hakanan kayan kwalliyar coil na gama gari ne ga vaporizers.

Sae 304 Bakin Karfe shine mafi yawan baƙin ƙarfe na yau da kullun. Karfe da ke ɗauke da cututtukan chromium (tsakanin 18% da 20%) da nickel (tsakanin 8% da 10%) [1] ƙananan ƙarfe marasa ƙarfi. Karfe ne na bakin karfe. Ba shi da ƙarancin wutar lantarki da na ƙwaƙwalwa fiye da ƙarfe na carbon. Magnetic ne, amma kasa da magnetic fiye da karfe. Yana da babban juriya na lalata baki fiye da ƙarfe na yau da kullun kuma ana yadu sosai saboda sauƙi wanda aka kafa ta cikin siffofi da yawa. [1]

Sonel 400 yana da tsayayya ga nau'ikan lalata yanayi. Misali, aikace-aikacen acidic sun shafi hydrofluoric acid, brine, acid sulfuric acid da tushe. Alliy 400 kawai za a iya taurare da aikin sanyi. Ana amfani da monel 400 a cikin masana'antu da yawa don kyakkyawan juriya masara, musamman mine da sunadarai.

Yawancin nau'ikan flanges kamar 254 sarkar sittin a kan flange suna da juriya na lalata jiki saboda abun. Flanges ma suna da ƙarfi fiye da matattarar ƙarfe bakin karfe tare da ƙarfafar da ke ƙasa da kashi 655pta ƙarfafawa, ƙarancin 300mpta.

2b-Gama bakin karfe baya hana shi, cortode, ko tsatsa kamar sauƙi kamar ƙarfe na yau da kullun, amma ba zubewa ba ne.

Astm Astm A105 Bar, Barikin Silindrical Muryar Karfe mai tsayi wanda ke da yawancin aikace-aikacen masana'antu da kasuwanci. Mafi yawan aikace-aikacen yau da kullun shine shaft. A105 Bark zagaye mashaya yana da daidaito na girma, babban yanki, kayan ƙira mai ƙarfi. Astm A105 RARBAR shine bayanai na ƙarfe don ƙarancin carbon da aka ƙirƙira. Mun samar da A105 RARBAR don masana'antu daban-daban wadanda suka hada da man gas.

316l yana da ƙananan adadin carbon a cikin abun da ke ciki.

Bugu da ƙari, kaddarorin alloy sun sa shi kyakkyawan zaɓi don aikace-aikacen ruwa, pittrosion ƙarfi ƙarfi, ƙarfi da ƙarfi, da ƙarfin ƙarfi-ion-jeri-ion-crosros crosing.

FT-276 PIPE SUTTings suna nufin masana'antar da aka yi wa masana'antar da aka yi Nickkel Alloy Super kerings da Astm B366 Un0 N10276. Ana iya tsara shi azaman crhC276 (lalata tsayayya kayan aiki) ko wphc276 (Asme matsi mai matsi). The fittings can be manufactured from pipe or tube of ASTM B619, B622, B626 UNS N10276, plate, sheet or strip of ASTM B575 UNS N10276, forging or bar of ASTM B564, B462, B472, B574 Gr. N10276. A lafiyayyen C-276 ana samarwa ne a cikin nau'ikan haɗin 3: Butted Welding, zaren, walda, walda, rufe takamaiman bayanai.
Tunda Allioy C-276 ya ƙunshi babban adadin nickel a cikin tsarin sunadarai, ƙarfe yana durthile sosai. Saboda haka samar da shi cikin sauri da yawa mai fasasshen bututun mai ya zama mai sauqi qwarai. Duk da haka, wannan ba shine kawai amfanin da wannan Alhoy. Kamar nickel da yawa dauke da alloys, ƙarfi da lalata lalata da lalata na wannan alloy ya sa ya nemi ɗayan ta hanyar kundin bayanai. Karfe yana da ikon nuna babbar juriya ga pitting. Unlike highly ductile materials that tend to exhibit failure against stress corrosion cracking, on the application of a tensile load, the Alloy C276 Pipe Fittings are able to withstand such levels of stress.

Thearancin yawan amfanin flanges shine 517pta da kuma ƙarancin ƙarfin ƙasa shine 930 www. Waɗannan suna da ƙarfi sosai, suna da ƙarfi sosai idan aka kwatanta da manyan flangen karfe. Babban ƙarfi na rashin amfanin 625 zamawa akan flanges da sauran nau'ikan suna fitowa daga kayan aikin. Abubuwan da aka yiwa 58% Nickel, 20% Chromium, Carbon, manganese, silibon, sulfur da ƙarfe 5% na ƙarfe. Babban Nickel da abun ciki na chromium suna yin flants sukan lalace sosai.

Yawancin lalata lalata suna da ƙoshin lalata juriya a cikin isdasar iskar shaka da ke dawowa.

Ya kai ma'aunin lokaci na Austenite da ferrite a cikin guntun girma ɗaya.

Saboda yawan masana'antu, da yawa na masana'antu amfani da Depoy 625 ciki har da samar da wutar lantarki, marine \ / Jirgin ruwa \ / Undersea, da kuma aerpacea.

Ana amfani da flanges na 347 a yanayin zafi na cryobenic har da babban yanayin zafi da kuma aikace-aikace mai girma da aikace-aikace

Kannada Nickel Siloy B2 wani abu ne mai tsayayya da ilimin kimiyyar emoly tare da babban juriya don nisanta da damuwa lalata cututtukan cututtukan daji. Musamman, wannan Aljan yana yin ingantaccen yanayi kamar sulfurici acid, hydrogen chloride da phosphororic acid. Alloy B kuma aka fi sani da WNR 2.4617 kusoshi kuma muna ba da irin waɗannan allures a cikin maki iri ɗaya, ma'auni da girma dabam.

Saboda ingantaccen bayani mafi inganci na ƙarfe mai gyara, yana da kyau kwarai da ƙarfi a cikin zafin zafin jiki daga ƙarancin zafin jiki zuwa 2000¡Ãc (1093¡y¡Ãc). Wannan saƙar da ba ta dace ba na iya tsayayya da damuwa har zuwa 1200¡etAUC (649¡AUC) kuma yana da tsayayya wa hadawan abu da iskar shaka 2000 zuwa 2000¡y har zuwa 2000¡y har zuwa 2000¡ata.

Bakin karfe 347 na ragarawa yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi. Bakin karfe 347 kuraje ƙarshen kayan aiki ba za a iya taurare ta hanyar zafin zafi ba, kuma an san su a yanayin da aka lalata, kuma an san su da sauƙi na ƙira da tsari.

Saboda carbon lebur whSers carbon har yanzu suna da yawa carbon a cikinsu cewa oxygen zai fi so ya haɗa tare da. Chromium a Carbon Karfe Washers kuma ya haifar da ferromagnikism a cikin karfe, wanda ba a so a wasu aikace-aikacen, da nickel kuma yana taimakawa tare da wannan.

Nickel Alhoy 600 abu ne mai cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da ta aikata kuma ba za a iya karfafa ta hanyar magani mai zafi ba. Cold aiki zai haifar da karuwar karfi. Jinji na iya cire duk wani tasirin da ba a so na aikin sanyi ba.

316 Bakin karfe yana da irin sinadarai irin wannan 304, amma kuma ya ƙunshi Molybdenum. Wannan barin wannan ya sa ya fi tsayayya ga lalata. Kamar 304, da 316 kirkire-kafa baya buƙatar amfani da wnenaling. 316l bakin karfe kusan iri ɗaya ne kamar 316. Bambanci kawai shine abun cikin carbon. A low carbon abun ciki na 316l ya ba da mafi kyawun juriya na lalata jiki fiye da 316. 316l baya buƙatar hangen Waneal.
Rubuta bututu mara kyau
Bututu mara kyau
Welded bututu
Welded bututu
Saw Lsaw Erw Efw
Ya kasance ƙarshen, bayyane "
Girman OD: 1 \ / 2 "" ~ 48 "
Kauri: Sch5 ~ Schxxs
Tsawon: kamar yadda kake bukata. "
Masana'antu mai zafi
Samar da daidaitaccen Asme B36.10 Asme B36.74

2507 (pren 40-45), tare da 25-26 cr da etara mo da n idan maki 25cr. A Super Austenitic-Ferritic Duplex bakin karfe tare da karfi na kwaya da lalata juriya da aka yi kyau sosai don aiwatar da sunadarai, mai petrochemical, da aikace-aikacen ruwa.
Rubuta "bututu mara kyau
Bututu mara kyau
Welded bututu
Welded bututu
Saw Lsaw Erw Efw
Ya kasance ƙarshen, bayyane "
Girma "Od: 1 \ / \ / 2" ~ 48 "
Kauri: Sch5 ~ Schxxs
Tsawon: kamar yadda kake bukata. "

Monel K500 Nickel ne na jan ƙarfe wanda yake hazo mai ƙarfi, saboda tarawa na aluminum da titanium.

Flashes flanges na samar da sauki ga tsaftacewa, dubawa ko gyara. Yawancin lokaci suna zuwa siffofin zagaye amma za su iya zuwa cikin square da siffofin real. Flanges an haɗa su da juna ta hanyar bolting kuma sun shiga cikin tsarin pipping ta hanyar walda ko an tsara su ga takamaiman matsin lamba; 150lb, 300lb, 400lb, 600lb, 900lb, 1500lb and 2500lb.

Flange na iya zama farantin don rufe ko rufe ƙarshen bututu. Wannan ana kiranta makaho mai kauri. Don haka, ana ɗaukar flanges su zama kayan haɗin ciki waɗanda ake amfani dasu don tallafawa sassan injin na inji.

Mu masana'antu ne, masu ba da izini da masu fitar da filayen carbon A10 \ / A1055 Flanges Popping Carbon-Karfe don tsinkaye kantin carbon-karfe don samar da kayan kwalliya carbon-karfe a cikin yanayin zafi carbon-yanayin da yake sama da shi.

Yayin da masu musayar zafi suna buƙatar matsakaici juriya ga lalata da kyawawan tashoshin da ke da kyau a matsayin kayan aikinsu ba tare da haifar da lanƙafi ba a cikin aljihun Beyer¡. Haka kuma, bakin karfe 304 ERW but9 yana yin ayyuka maimakon yadda yakamata.
Rubuta "bututu mara kyau
Bututu mara kyau
Welded bututu
Welded bututu
Saw Lsaw Erw Efw
Ya kasance ƙarshen, bayyane "
Girma "Od: 1 \ / \ / 2" ~ 48 "
Kauri: Sch5 ~ Schxxs
Tsawon: kamar yadda kake bukata. "

300 SERET FARKO BULILED Karfe ne na Chromium-Nickel Alloy wanda aka kera shi cikin samfuran samfuran ƙarfe da bututun ƙarfe. Dukansu 304 da bututun karfe 316 yana da dawwama wanda ya kula da ƙarfinta a babban yanayin zafi, tsayayya da lalata zuciya, kuma yana da sauƙin kiyayewa. Zabi tsakanin abu yana dogaro da yadda zaku yi amfani da bututu da yanayin da bututun za'a sanya bututun.
Rubuta "bututu mara kyau
Bututu mara kyau
Welded bututu
Welded bututu
Saw Lsaw Erw Efw
Ya kasance ƙarshen, bayyane "
Girma "Od: 1 \ / \ / 2" ~ 48 "
Kauri: Sch5 ~ Schxxs
Tsawon: kamar yadda kake bukata. "

Domin isar da bututun, ya zama dole don cire madaidaiciyar tiyo a cikin bututun. A lokacin da amfani da bututun burodi daban-daban, dole ne a yi amfani da bututun da aka yi amfani da bututun. Lokacin da ake amfani da bututun mai, gwiwar hannu dole ne a yi amfani da shi don canza girman bututun. A lokacin da Bugurcating, flangarfin hanya uku da flange ake amfani da shi lokacin da ake amfani da bututun bututun bututun mai yawa, don isa ga hadarin da aka watsa da nisa da haɗin gwiwa da kuma haɗin gwiwa na nesa da haɗin bututun mai. , A cikin haɗin daban-daban kayan kida, akwai kuma masu haɗin da kuma matosks na kayan aiki.