(Chingerezi)

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri sichinaperekenso zitsulo zowoneka bwino kwambiri, kupsinjika kwamphamvu kwambiri, kulimba kwamphamvu kwa kutentha kwamphamvu, kuwononga mphamvu ndi mphamvu, kumapangitsa kuti akhale abwino popanga kapena kupanga mapulogalamu.

304 Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimawerengedwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, limadziwikanso ngati kalasi 18-8, yokhala ndi zitsulo zapamwamba komanso zotsika kaboni. Kukhalapo kwa zomwe zili pansi ma carbon mu Alloy kumachepetsa mapangidwe a carbide ma carbide mukamalonjeza kuti chiwopsezo cha zinthu zapansi pa 304 kusapanga dzimbiri kumachitika.

Kuwala kosapanga dzimbiri 304 ndi ziwalo zomwe zimalumikiza zipsera ziwiri, kulumikiza kwa chipongwe kumafotokozedwa ndi chipongwe, garket ndi bolt atatu amalumikizidwa ngati gulu lolumikizidwa lazomwe zimaphatikizidwa.

Asme B16 47 Ndege zolumikizidwa ndi zokulirapo, zolemetsa, komanso zolimba kuposa zodabwitsa b flanges. Mitundu ya-mndandanda imatha kupirira katundu wakunja kuposa ma b-mndandanda. Asme B16.47 mndandanda b flanges amafuna kuti zigawo zing'onozing'ono kuposa mndandanda wamantha.

Alloy steel flange, ndiye kuti, nkhani yayikulu ndi alloy chitsulo kapena kumapeto. Ili ndi chitsulo chachitsulo chimalumikizana, chotchedwa alloy zitsulo zopondera. Zithunzi zachitsulo zopondera, alloy ma flanger amapangidwa mosamala pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapano womwe uli nawo pa chitsogozo cha m'masomphenyawo popanga gawo.

Zithunzi zoponderezedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mapaipi omwe ali ndi ulusi wakunja. Phindu la zolakwa izi ndikuti imatha kulumikizidwa popanda kuwala. Zithunzi zoponderezedwa zitha kukhala zokwanira mapaipi osiyanasiyana osawotchera ndipo ndi phindu lalikulu lomwe limakopeka

Flard Flange (WN) ikugwirizana ndi ASME B16.5 ndi njira imodzi yokha. Ndizosasinthika kapena zopangidwa ndi khosi lopendekera lomwe limawomba. Kapangidweka kamapereka kusintha kosasangalatsa ndi kupsinjika kovuta, monga kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa pansi pa chingwe cha kuchepetsedwa kumachepetsa kupanikizika.

Chipatulo chimalumikizana mapaipi ndi zinthu zomwe zili mu dongosolo lopukutira pogwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana ndi magesi. Zovala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndizomwe zimayenda bwino, zotsekemera, ma flanges akhungu, kuwotcha ulusi kumalumikizana, ulusi wowiringa ndi zolumikizira. Mtundu wamtunduwu mu chitoliro umathandizira swassembly ndi kulumikizidwa kwa ntchito ndi kukonza nthawi zonse. Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha chitsulo cha kaboni ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala masoni B16.5 \ / asme B16.5.

Zosapanga dzimbiri 304 zopondera zonunkhira bwino ndizothandiza pakugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafunikiranso kukana kwagundako kuposa mtundu wa 316 ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri. Masamba osapanga dzimbiri 304 mphete zolumikizira ndi mtundu wotsika wa kaboni ndipo umakhala ndi chidwi. Chifukwa chake, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha masosi akhungu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pazomwe zidalipo. Nyimbo zosapanga dzimbiri 304 zipilala zimawonedwa ngati zolimbana ndi kutukuka mu cloride kumwa madzi kutentha kwa madigiri 60 Celsius.

Kuchepetsa ulusi ndikoyenera kusintha kwa chipika, koma sikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusintha kwa mwadzidzidzi kungapangitse chipwirikiti chosagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga kulumikizidwa pampu. Kuchepetsa mbendera kumakhala kovuta kwa mainchesi angapo ndi mabowo osiyanasiyana komanso ang'onoang'ono. Kuphatikiza pa kukula kwake ndi kukula kwake, kusokonekera kumakhala ndi miyeso kwa kukula kwakukulu kwa chitoliro.

Ndife opanga, othandizira ndi otumiza kunja kwa chitsulo chachitsulo, omwe amapangidwa ndikuwapatsa njira yokonzekera komanso yothandizira kwambiri pa ma Paketi onyamula mwachangu ndi njira yoperekera. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timasamwa pa S30400 zimapezeka m'machitidwe osiyanasiyana, amatha kukhala ndi mainchesi a pachimato, ndipo amadziwika mosavuta chifukwa cha masewera omwe ali pachiwopsezo.

Ngakhale molybdenum ndi chinthu chabwino, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri kumatha kuchepetsa kudula kwa gr f f11. Zojambula ndi kuwonongeka kwa carbide ya chitsulo kumatha kuchitika matenthedwe oposa 500 digiri Celsius. Chromium yawonjezeredwa ku Sa182 F11 Anoy Steel Cl.2 chitoto chokhazikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kuchepetsa kwa chipongwe ndi kukonzekera. Kuphatikiza apo, Chromium yowonjezeredwanso imaperekanso oxidation.

Ndili ndi zaka zambiri zokumana nazo, ndife odzipereka popereka chitsulo chosiyanasiyana. Zitsulo izi ndi zitsulo zimayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi mafakitale m'dziko lonselo kuti awone ndi mapindu ena. Timapanga mosamala mitundu yoperekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zopangira kuchokera kumisika yodalirika yodalirika.

Kuphatikiza pa khosi lalitali lalitali lalitali, Texas Flange yolumikizirana mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana. Pamene mbiya yanu yopanikizika imafuna kulumikizana kwamphamvu ndipo imatha kupereka makulidwe anu ofunikira, mbiya yokhazikika mu mawonekedwe a phokoso ndi njira. Chonde titumizireni kuti mugwiritse ntchito mwanzeru momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito phokoso m'makalasi onse omwe ali ndi malonda kuphatikiza kaboni, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi nickel entows.

Mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndi ma flandas opangidwa kuti azilumikizidwa ndi makina owotcherera. Mitundu yotereyi imapezeka pamitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma yolowerera mowoneka bwino chifukwa cha makosi awo aatali komanso mtengo wokwera kwambiri kuti alumikizane ndi chitoliro cha WN ndi zokongoletsera, koma amakopeka ndi zovuta zambiri. Khosi kapena hub zimasamutsa nkhawa za chitoliro.

Mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndi ma flandas opangidwa kuti azilumikizidwa ndi makina owotcherera. Pali mitundu yambiri ya kuthwa. Zovala zowoneka bwino chifukwa cha makosi awo okwera komanso ndalama zambiri za wn zimalumikizana ndi mapaipi kapena zomangira, koma zimakonda kutsata zovuta. Khosi kapena hub zimasamutsa nkhawa za chitoliro.

Mtundu uwu umapangidwa kuti ulumikizane kudzera pa zolumikizira zolumikizira mapaipi kapena zida zomwe zimafunikira mafupa owongoka. Mapasi masikono amapereka ntchito yabwino mu kutentha osiyanasiyana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito. Mawonekedwe owoneka bwino amayenera kutchula dongosolo laupi kuti akubowola. Chifukwa cha khosi lotentha, ndi chisankho chotchuka cha mitsempha ndikupanga manholes, etc. Ma flanges awa amadziwikanso mansa kapena asme B16.5.

A182 F316L RTJ Freming Flange ndi mtundu wapadera womwe uli ndi ma halves awiri ngati mphete. Mphezi zimawombedwa pamodzi ndi mapaipi ofanana, kenako ma halves awiriwo amakwaniritsidwa limodzi kuti agwire. SS kuchepetsa ma flanges akupezeka m'makalasi osiyanasiyana monga kalasi 1500 mpaka kalasi 600.

Zithunzi zopanda madzizi zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo zam'madzi ndizoyenera kuwonjezereka monga momwe ziliri ndi zotsalira za kaboni pang'ono kuposa 301 mpaka 303 mndandanda wa oyang'anira kupewa kuteteza magalimoto pakuwuma. Zida mu mankhwala, chakudya, mapepala, migodi, mafakitale a mankhwala opangira mankhwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chitsulo chofewa. Kuphatikiza kwa Molybdenum ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba pang'ono a nickel opanga chosapanga dzimbiri 304 Kupanga khungu kumayenda koyenera pomanga malo omanga, kuchokera m'malo oipitsidwa ndi madera omwe ali ndi kutentha pansi pa zero.

Makonda owoneka bwino (omwe amadziwikanso kuti ndi wamtali kwambiri? Pali mapangidwe awiri. Mitundu yokhazikika imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mapaipi. Mtundu wautali sioyenera mapaipi ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbewu. Mawonekedwe owoneka bwino amakhala ndi zowoneka bwino ndi malire ozungulira.

Zojambula zosapanga dzimbiri 316 zimapangidwa ndi chibwibwi chachilengedwe komanso champhamvu cha chrome-nickel-molybdenum aloy. Kalasi yopanda kapangidwe kake kameneka ndi imodzi mwazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zambiri padziko lapansi, chachiwiri chokha mpaka 304. Roapam Shael ndi wopanga ndipo akutsogolera otsogolera ma flanges a mitundu yonse, miyezo ndi zokambirana. Gulu la Anssi 150 A ANI SS 316 limakhala mtundu umodzi wa gulu lino.

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizochepa kwambiri kaboni (0.08% max) Lembani 302 ili ndi 18% chromium ndi 8% nickel. Lembani 304 imalimba pang'ono kuposa 302 chifukwa cha zomwe zili pansi. Lembani 304 imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyitanitsa ntchito chifukwa kaboni wotsika imalola kuwonekera mu 800¡f - 1500¡f popanda kufunika kochita opaleshoni. Komabe, kuuma kwa malo okhala kumafunikira kumafuna kuyamwa pambuyo potchere kapena kugwiritsa ntchito 304l. Mtundu 304l uli ndi zomwe zili ndi kaboni 0.03% kapena zochepa.

Mitundu yoyaka imadziwikanso kuti "yowongoka imachitika" malinga ndi asme B16.5 Pulogalamu 2.8 ndipo amapatsidwa tsatanetsatane wochepera mu code yolamulira. Izi ndichifukwa choti makosi otalika otalika amasankhidwa pa ntchito iliyonse molingana ndi zofunikira zapadera za thanki yopatsidwa kapena chotengera. Kukakamizidwa, kutentha ndi mkati mwa chotengeracho ndi zinthu zonse zofunika kudziwa mtundu wa mtundu wautali womwe mukufuna.

Ma weld-pamitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi chiwongola dzanja chakumapeto kumapeto kwa khosi. Mtundu wamtunduwu umapangidwira kuti ukhale wotsekedwa mwachindunji pachifuwa kuti chipambane ndi mgwirizano wapamwamba komanso wachilengedwe. Muzikuluzikulu komanso zowala kwambiri, izi ndi zokongola kwambiri za kulumikizana komwe kunagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati mtundu umodzi wokha wa buluu womwe umakhala m'magulu amakono, mawonekedwe a khosi owonda adzakhala osankha anu.

Mitundu yosapanga dzimbiri 304 ndi njira yolumikizira mapaipi, ma valves, mapampi ndi zida zina kuti apange dongosolo lamawu. Imathandiziranso kuyeretsa, kuyerekezera kapena kusintha. Ma flanges nthawi zambiri amawombedwa kapena opindika. Malumikizidwe oyaka amapangidwa ndi kuwomba ma flanges awiri pamodzi ndi gasketi pakati pawo kuti ipereke chisindikizo.

Zithunzi zachitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale, malonda ndi mabungwe. Chitoliro chachitsulo chimapezeka muzosiyanasiyana komanso zovuta. Zida zolumikizidwa zimachokera ku 150 mpaka 2500 #. Kuphatikiza pa kutchula kanthawi kovuta, zina zowoneka bwino, monga zowoneka bwino zowotchera ndi zitsulo zopsereza, zimafunikira dongosolo lopondera kuti lifotokozeredwe. Izi zikuwonetsetsa kuti chitoliro cha ziphuphu chikugwirizana ndi dzenje mu khosi lowotchera kapena kuwonekera.

Mantha ndi mwayi wopindulitsa kwambiri kwa mafakitale ambiri komwe amakakamira chifukwa cha chlorides omwe amakhudzidwa: amathandizira kuwonjezera mphamvu zambiri. Brand yathu ya SS 316 \ / / / /2l wopondaponda katundu (WNRF) zokhala ndi katundu wofunikira kwambiri, kutsiriza kwakukulu, komanso kukana kwakukulu kuvala zosapanga.

Chitoliro cha HT ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zotsogola ndi amalonda a SS 304 zomwe ndi nickel zopangidwa kuti zizikhala ndi vuto la kutentha pang'ono. Zojambula zosapanga dzimbiri 304 zitsulo ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri popanda kukana bwino kuposa kutukwana kuposa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 317.

Flange ndi ziwalo zomwe zimalumikiza zipika ziwiri, kulumikiza mtima kwa chitoliro kumafotokozedwa ndi Flange, garket ndi bolt atatu amalumikizidwa ngati gulu la chisindikizo chophatikizira. Gasket imawonjezeredwa pakati pa ma flanges awiri kenako ndikukhomedwa ndi ma balts. Kupindika kosiyanasiyana, makulidwe ndi osiyana, ndipo ma boloti omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndi osiyana, pomwe pali zipilala zolumikizidwa, zomwe zimalumikizana ndi pampu yoyaka, siziri invappoite kuyitanira pampu yamadzi ngati zigawo zoyaka, koma valavu yaying'ono, imatha kutchedwa mbali ngati zoyatsira.