Nickel 200 Flanges

Uns S.2760 is a duplex simbi yakanyanya kugadzirirwa sevhisi mune vane hasha dzehuku Iyo ine simba rakanyanya kurwisa kuumbwa kwecoros uye kusimbisa kuora kupaza musanganiswa nehukuru hwechinyakare simba.

Supplex 2225 Flouners ane kuomarara kwakanyanya uye kuomarara uchingoomesa miganho yakakwirira yesimba rakachena, ese nekuda kweiyo Chromium iripo mavari. Nekudaro, zvinogona kugumisa kuti izvi zvidimbu zvidimbu zvesimbi hazvigoneke; kana kuremara kana kukuvara. Iyi Anomaly haina kunyatsogona kuitika. 2205 Duplex Forners Inoshandisa Zvimiro Zvinosemesa Zvakagadzirwa kubva kuFerritic uye Austenitic Stainless Steels iyo inoonekwa chikamu chemuchina, uye mhedzisiro inopa midziyo yakanakisa muDuplex Fasteners.

Kurumidza kuC2000 kunowanikwa mune dzakasiyana-siyana saizi uye gobvu, rudzi urwu rwechromini-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum

Iyo Corrosion inodzivirira nekukurumidza Alloys inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nemaindasitiri emakemikari ekugadzirisa kwemakemikari. Kudikanwa kwekuita kwakavimbika kunotungamira mukugamuchirwa kwavo uye kukura munzvimbo dzesimba, hutano uye nemafuta uye gasi uye firmace fashformation maindasitiri.

Inconel 625 Coil inoonekwa nekukanganisika kwaro kurwisa oxidation, yakakwira-tembiricha corroson uye kupera simba. ASTM B443 Uns n0662 incangen Plate inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muAerospace, maindasitiri emakemikari uye maaini uye kuoma uye kuomarara uye kusimba kunyange munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa.

Iyo yakabatanidzwa yakabatanidzwa inoumbwa nezvireverwe zvitatu zvakasiyana uye yakazvimirira kunyangwe isina zvikamu zvemukati; malipi, masika, uye kusungwa; izvo zvakaunganidzwa nechimwe pesvedzero, iyo yakakodzera. Kukosha kwakakosha kunodiwa mukusarudzwa uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvese zviripo kuti uwane mubatanidzwa, iyo inogamuchirika kusunganidzwa.

Alloy 800 is a Nickel-simbi-Chromium Alloy ine simba rakanyanya uye rakanyanya kupokana ne oxidation uye corrosion pakupisa kwakanyanya. ASTM b407 uns n08800 incoloy 800 W. nr. 1.4876 Yakatemwa Pombi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya zvekuvakwa kwemidziyo inoda kuramba kupokana, kupisa kupesana, simba, uye kugadzikana kwebasa kusvika 1500 ° F (816 ° C).

ASTM A316 TP316 chiitiko chakajairika chechisema, seam yakakwira, uye inotonhora yakashanda yakashanda muAustenitic isina mapaipi ebundu uye general corrorive. Pombi 316 isina kugadzirwa yeindasitiri yakagadzirwa kubva musanganiswa weChromium, Nickel, uye Molbdenum, iyo inopa SS 316 seamless tube yakanakisa kuramba uye ngura.

A789 unt s31803 uye unt S.2205205 ​​makumi maviri emakiredhi eDuplex Spainless Simbi iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune dzakasiyana siyana maindasitiri. Idzi duplex s3118803 mapepa asina masevedza anozivikanwa nekukora kwavo kwakanyanya kupesana, simba rakanyanya, uye rakanaka kwazvo. A789 ndeyekutaura iyo inovhara masapu uye yakavezwa mabhebhu yakagadzirwa kubva kuDuplex Spainless Simbi.

Unt n08367 zvinowanzoitika seyakajairika al6xn is a lowl kabhoni, yekunyora "

S31803 ndiyo yakabatana nhamba yehurongwa (uns) dhizaini yeiyo yepakutanga dupplex simbi yesimbi isina tsvina. Iyo isina hurongwa yakagadzirwa nemapoka mazhinji ekutengeserana muma1970 ekuderedza kuvhiringidzika apo iyo fananidzo iyo yakafanana yainzi akasiyana zvinhu, uye zvinopesana. Simbi imwe neimwe inomiririrwa netsamba inoteverwa nenhamba shanu, uko tsamba inomiririra simbi simbi, i..E. s ye simbi isina tsvina.

Super Duplex Alloy uns s32750 (F53 \ / 1.44410 \ / Alloy 32750 \ / Alloy 2507) inosanganisa hunhu hwakawanda hwezvose zviri zviviri zvesimba uye austenitic mesera.

ASTM A312 TP316 Seamless Industrial Steel Pipi Pipi Uns S31600 SMLS STEEL PIPE
Titanium ine panzvimbo yakaderera yekudziya uye yemagetsi ichivimbiswa neimwe simbi, kunyangwe ichiratidza mashekitirwo epamusoro pakatemerwa pasi pe 0.49 k tembiricha (tembiricha yakaoma).
Kugadzira Standard ASME B36.10 ASME B36.19

Nickel yakavakirwa 800 incoloy hexagonal pombi inozivikanwa kuti uve nekudzikisira kwakanaka kuora. Kunyanya kutaura, iyo incocoy 800 pombi inopa kudzikisira kwakaringana kurwisa carburization pamwe ne oxidation corrosion.

ASTM A479 Duplex Steel Uns S32205 Yakatenderedza Masisiti Nitrogen Yakasimbiswa DupplEx Alloys Actorosion matambudziko akawanikwa aine mazana matatu ezviuru. Asme sa 479 Duplex Steel Uns S311803 mashers ashers akaomeswa pa 1868 kusvika 1958 degrees Fahrenheit uyezve mvura yakabviswa.

Kuwedzerwa kwezvinhu zvakadai seSilicon neMANGANI kuburikidza nekushambadzira kwekupisa kunopa zvakawiswa zvine midziyo uye zvakanakira kuwanda, sekuwedzera kupokana kana kuwedzera kuvimbika. Alloy midziyo inowanikwawo mune zvekushandisa apo mhinduro yavo kune zvemagnetism yakakosha, yakadai seVashanduri uye magetsi motors.

Zvepamhepo zvigayo zvinyoronyoro zvinoda kuderera mavara ezvinyorwa zvisina kukodzera kurwisa kwakakwana. Zvichienderana ne 22% Chromium Zvemukati, ivo vane yakasanganiswa Austenitic: Ferritic micriticture iyo inopa simba rakakura, kurwisa uye kubhadhara-mutengo.
Stainless Steel Al-6xn Tube Asme SB 676 uns n08367 tubing

Nilo \ / Alloy K W.nr .: 1.3981
Pakutanga yakagadziridzwa kurwisa kukoka kwegungwa, Al6xn yakawedzera basa rayo seyakagadziriswa pakati pehurongwa hwekurwisa hurombo. Yedu Al-6xn Stainless Steel Fastener Chigadzirwa Line Inosanganisira Al-6Xn Stainless Simbi Bolts

Izvi zvakakodzera zvinobva zvave chikamu chehurongwa hwekutakura mvura (Oiri, gasi, steam, makemikari, ...) nenzira yakachengeteka uye inoshanda, kupfuura marefu mapfupi kana mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu mapfupi kana marefu.

Nickel Alloy 400 uye Monil 400, inozivikanwawo seMunyuti N04400, iri DUCTICE ANICEL-BEPHER AllEY INYKEL NYKEL uye yechitatu-yechitatu yengozi. Nickel Alloy 400 inozivikanwa nekudzivirira kwayo kune akasiyana mamiriro ezvinhu akaora, kusanganisira Alkalis (kana acids), mvura yemunyu, hydrofluor acid, uye sulfuric acid. Sezvo Monil 400 kana Alloy 400 isimbi inotonhora yakashanda, uyu mutero ane kuomarara kwakanyanya, kuomarara nesimba. Nekutonhora

Izvi zvinopa zvakanyatsosimbiswa kuramba kuSulfutic acid. Iyo ine zvakare yakakwira zvemukati, kuti uwedzere kupokana ne oxidizing makemikari uye maitiro ehova dzakasvibiswa neFerric ion uye yakanyungudika oksijeni.

ASTM a234 WPB Fittings inoumbwa nemavara akasiyana-siyana.Hat, WPC, WPC Fittings inoumba pa920

Incoloy 800h Flange isu tine mukurumbira akasimba muindasitiri yekugadzira yakakwirira-mhando mafirita emhando dzakasiyana dzaigona kukodzera zvinodiwa nevatengi vedu. Isu tinogadzira incoloy 800 flanges iyo yakavimbika uye yakakwira mumhando. Isu tinoshandisa mari dzekutanga uye temberi yemachina ekugadzira ASTM B564 uns n08800 incoloy 800 flanges.

254 SUM (unt S31254) es UN ACERO INOGADZA AUSTENITICE COMUNES, DISENADO Y Nitrogeso para Honta Picaduras y L.

304 STOLLILT STEEL Round THE STELLURGY, STOLLEL STEL, inozivikanwa seNox Simbi kana iyo simbi, chirahwe, nekisimusi ye1,5% Chii chinonyanya kushamisa pamusoro pesimbi isina simba ndiko kupesana kwavo, kunowedzera ne chromium yezvinyorwa. Kuwedzerwa kweMolybdenum kunovandudza kupesana kwekushora mukuderedza acids uye kudzikisira mu chloride mhinduro. Naizvozvo, kune mamakisi mazhinji eStiness Simbi neyakagadziriswa chrrominium uye molybdenum zvombo kuti urege kubva pombi

Duplex simbi pombi & tube
Duplex Simbi Flanges
Izvo zvinyorwa zvine simba rakakwirira uye kurwisa kweora. Iyo A182 F53 zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa kugadzira maruva kubva pa1 \ / 2 inches kusvika pamasendimita maviri akadai saAsi, tasme, din uye zvimwe zviyero zvepasi rose.
"Kureba: sezvaunoda."

SUBE 254 TUBE yakanyanya kugadziriswa uye ine kurwisa kuenzaniswa kuenzaniswa nekukasira performance autenitic steels. SUM

926 is autenitic stainless simbi alloy ine chemakemikari manhamba akafanana nealloy 904L ne 0,2% nitrogen uye 6.5% molybdenum. Molybdenum uye nitrogen mukati zvakanyanya kuvandudza pombi uye crevice corrosion kuramba muHalide media. Panguva imwecheteyo, nickel uye nitrogen haingove nechokwadi chekugadzikana kweiyo simbi yekuzvinyudza, asi zvakare kuderedza kusarudzika panguva yekugadzira maitiro Nickel Alloy. 926 Inoshamisa Corrosion Kudzvinyirira muChloride ION Media nekuda kweiyo yakanakisa nzvimbo yekumanikidza kupesana ne25% nickel alloy zvirimo.

316L 1.4401 S31603 Stainless Steel pombi inzvimbo inoverengeka uye yekubhadhara pombi inowanzo shandiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa maindasitiri uye dzekutengesa. Iyi SS uns s31603 pombi inogadzirwa kubva kune yakakwirira mhando 316l simbi simbi ine simba rakanakisa kuCorrosion, oxidation uye yakaita kuti ive yakakodzera nharaunda dzakaoma kana dzakanyanya kushushikana.

Alloy Simbi isimbi inochengeterwa zvinhu zvakasiyana siyana mune yakazara huwandu pakati pe1.0% uye 50% nehuremu hwekuvandudza zvivakwa zvaro zvemakaniki. Alloy madhaels yakaputswa mumapoka maviri: yakaderera alloy marara uye yakakwira alloy madhaera. Musiyano uripo pakati pezviviri zvinopesana. Smith naHatheMi vanotsanangura mutsauko pa4,0%, nepo degarmo, et al., Itsanangura iyo na 8.0%. [1] [1] [1] Zvakanyanya, mutsara "Alloy Simbi" zvinoreva kuderera-alloy mesera.

Nickel Alloy Incoloy Seamless Pipe Tube Mutengo 800 800H 800ht N08800 N08810 N08811

Incoloy 800ht, inozivikanwawo se ¡° Alloy 800ht 800ht 8 1.4959. IS ISS-Nickel-Chromium Alloy ine iyo yakafanana yekunyora seisingabvumirwe 800 uye incoloy 800h asi ine yakakosha simba rekukwira-bvarura.

Nickel-Conver-based Alloy 400 Mazoni 2.4360 Cold Dy Dhizaina Immuney Immuney Hurlis-Corros Interness yekunetseka painenge ichisimbisa midhiya mune yakajairana nenhamba. Monil 400 is a copper uye nickel yakavakirwa alloy iyo inozivikanwa nhasi nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanyanya. Iyo Alloy ine yakanaka acid uye alkali kuramba. Mukuwedzera, ine simba rakanaka rakafanana, ductility, dhiziri rakanaka, uye rinogona kuomeswa nebasa rinotonhora. Pamusoro pezvo, inogona kushandiswa mune zvekushandisa nekupisa kubva kuIns kusvika ku533 degrees Celsius.

ASTM A194 Spection Covery Carbon, Alloy uye Stainless Steel Nuts Kuti Yakatemerwa Dzvinyiriro uye \ / / kana High Tembiricha Service. American National Standard Standard Syd Duty Hex Series (Ansi B 18.2.2) ichashandiswa kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira. Nuts hapana anodarika 1 inch mukuita saizi ichaenderana neUNC Series kirasi 2b.

Iyo 316 isina mbiya yesimbi yave iri chinhu chakakosha chekereke yeindasitiri. Uku kuwanda kwesimbi uye chrome kunozivikanwa nekukanganisika kwakakura kuonga, pamwe nekuimba kwaro. "

Mhando yemakemikari ye2205 Duplex Duplex Stainless pombi ine zvinhu zviri kushandiswa mune zvinotevera zvemukati I.e. - 22% chromium, 3% molybdenum uye anenge mashanu kusvika ku6% Nickerl. Nekuda kwezviratidzo, maererano nehuwandu hwechromium iripo mune iyo giredhi yegiredhi, iyi simbi isina tsvina inotaurwa seyakaitwa na25C duplx 2205 pombi.

Yakagadziriswa-Kuwedzera Girazi-Yakacheneswa Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Alloys, gadzira mutsara wekuwedzera anowedzera kufanana neiyo yegirazi rakaoma mukati meimwe tembiricha yekupisa

Izvi zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa neiyo dzazvino matekinoroji uchishandisa yakakwira giredhi zvigadzirwa zvinhu. Isu tiri mugadziri mune yenyika & dzakawanda zviyero.

Invar 36® is the nickel-iron, yakaderera yekuwedzera maitiro ayo ine 36% Nickel, Invar

Monil K500 Fasteners uye Mahara anenge asiri-magineti uye anotsamira pakudzivirira, kunyangwe tembiricha pasi kusvika -200¡¡¡. Pakusimudzira uko kunogona kusimuka kusvika ku550c mune aya masvikiro, iyo N06600 yakasimudzwa chiso weld Flange Hesi B16.5 yakaratidzwa kuve imwe yeanonyanya kudzikama kubva kune imwe nguva yemamwe matawa.

Din933 S32760 Chikamu Chekupedzisira Square Duplax Steel Steel Steel Stec Scket Musoro M32 Stud Musoro Bolt NaNut S32760 Bolt

Inconel 718 is a nickel-chromium-yakavakirwa-yakavakirwa mari inowanzo shandiswa mukunyorwa-tembiricha zvakakura senge erispace uye gasi turbines. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kweASTM B670 Inconel 718 Sheet ndiyo ndiro iri rolling maitiro. Kune marudzi maviri makuru emapurasiti 718 mahwendefa anowanikwa pamusika: kupisa kwakapetwa uye kutonhora zvakapetwa mahwendefa.

Al6xn is SuperAdyaTic STOLLess STOL isina simba rekupokana ku chloride pomber, crevic corrosion uye kusagadzikana corrosion kupaza. Al6xn ndeye 6 moly Alloy iyo yakagadziriswa uye inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzinotyisa kwazvo. Iyo ine yakakwira nickel (24%), molybdenamu (6.3%), nitrogen uye zvirimo zvirimo zvinopa kupokana kushamisira, Al6xn inonyanya kushandiswa kune yayo yakavandudzwa pombi uye crevice corrosion kuramba mu chlorides. Iyo inzvimbo inoyevedza uye inotyisa isina simba.

Iyo Uns S31803 (ASTM F51) Kufunga kwave kwakanyanya kusimbiswa neUND S32205 (1.4462, ASTM F60). Izvi zvinoratidza chishuvo chavo chekuwedzera zvinhu zveAlloy Corrosion, nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kweiyo Aod Steelmaking maitiro, inobvumira kudzora kwakasimba kwekuumbwa. Mukuwedzera, inobvumira kupesvedzera iyo nitrogen yekuwedzera nhanho pane kungova iripo seyakadzika chinhu. Naizvozvo, iyo yepamusoro-soro yekuita makomputa ezvinyorwa inotsvaga yekuwedzera izvo zvechromium (cr), molybdenum (mo) uye nitrogen (ma) nitrogen (m).

ASTM A105 Yakagadzirirwa Fittings yemamiriro akasiyana-siyana eindasitiri ekugadzirisa. Chigadzirwa kune vatambi vepamoyo uye epasi rose vanopihwa pamazhinji anotaridzika mitengo. Chigadzirwa icho chakagadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvisina kujairika zvinhu. Vari kunakidzwa nekuva nemukurumbira wakanaka mumusika.

Carbon Steel Fasteners
Flange inguva yekuputika, muromo kana rim, ingave yekunze kana yemukati, iyo inoshandira kuwedzera simba (sekupisa kweiyo danda resimbi senge i-danda kana t-danda); Zvekubatanidza zviri nyore \ / kuendesa kwekusangana kwesimba nechimwe chinhu (sekupenya pakupera kwepombi, steam cylinder, etc., kana pane lens gomo rekamera); Kana kuti zvokutsvedza uye kutungamira mafambiro emuchina kana zvikamu zvaro (sekusiyana-siyana kwemukati wemuchina wemuchina kana tram vhiri, inochengeta mavhiri kubva pamapundu kubva pamapundu). Izwi rekuti "Flange" rinoshandiswawo kune rudzi rwezvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kuumba malanges.

Chiso chakasimudzwa chinobvumidza kuti flange kuve neyakawandisa maburi uye yekubatanidza pamusoro pemutsipa wakarukwa uchibata pombi munzvimbo. Zvikumbiro zviripo uye gasi, peturu, petrochemical uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zveindasitiri.

ASTM A333 PIPE (ASME S \ / A335, Chorme-Moly) ndeye Mushandi weFerritic Allritic Ally Steel Steel Steel Stel Tembiricha Stel Tembiricha Steel Steel Stel Tembiricha Steel Stel Tembiricha Tembiricha. Pombi yakaraira zvichienderana neiyi simpication ichave yakakodzera kukotama, kusanganisa uye kufanana kwekuumba mashandiro, uye fusion. Dzimwe nguva zvinotaurwa se "P p9, p9, p22 uye p91. Iyo P1, P22 uye P91 mamakisi anowanzo shandiswa muindasitiri yemagetsi uye zvidyarwa zvePetrochemical, nepo P5 neP9 mamakisi anowanzo shandiswa mumafuta enhema.
Simbi Pipe Fittings
www.wemuporn.com
Alloy Simbi
Azerbaijani
Vatengi Ongororo
ASTM B677 UN N08925, Unsta N08955
Saizi "od: 1 \ / 2" "~ 48"
304 stainles simbi pombi
Alloy Simbi Mahwendefa & Masheets & Coils
S30400 pombi, isina tsvina pombi, simbi isina tsvina seamless pombi
DN150 SS PIPE ASTM A312 GRT.tp304 ASME-B36.19m

Yakakwira Chromium, Molybdenum uye nitrogen yezvinyorwa zvinopa mukudzikisira kwakaenzana nhamba (40, kupa zvakakwirira kudzikisira kugona kuAustenitic uye duplex stainly media, uye tembiriro rakadzora kupfuura 50¡¡¡.

Nickel 200 inodonha iyo Nickel 200 malipi anokwenenzverwa, akaiswa pasi, uye iva nekupera kwakanaka. Zvakare, iyo ASTM B564 UNONS N02200 Flanges inopesana neCollan yekuita Corrosion mukurerekera uye exidiing nharaunda, kuita kuti vave vakakwana pakubata kwemidziyo yekubata.

Sch40 Monil 400 Pipe yakasarudzwa seWerkstoff Nhamba 2.4360 uye uns n04400. Alloy 400 pombi inozivikanwa seMameni Alloy 400 Pipe, Mhel 400 pombi & Nickel Alloy 400 pombi.

ASME B36.19M ndiyo yakatarwa yetsvina yetsvina, inotsanangura zviyero, kushivirira, uye zvinodiwa nezvikumbiro zvemubayiro miviri uye zvisina maaipi.

304 Kupwanya mahwendefa kunoitwa makumi matatu nemashanu simbi, zvinhu zvakajairika uye zvakakurumbira muzvinyorwa zvakawanda zveindasitiri izvo zvinoda kuramba kupokana neoxdion uye oxidation. Aya maS30400 kupaza mahwende ekupaza anogadzirira uchishandisa hunyanzvi hwemachina uye maitiro, ayo anoona kuti vakanyatsojeka uye vakavimbika.

Nilo Alloy 36, WMR 1.3912, Invar 36® is a nickel-iron
Alloy Steel Bars & Rods
www.wemuporn.com
Alloy Simbi
Azerbaijani
Vatengi Ongororo
ASTM B677 UN N08925, Unsta N08955
Inconel 718 2.668 inopisa yakakwenenzverwa ndiro uye inotonhora yakadzika ndiro
304 stainles simbi pombi
Alloy Simbi Mahwendefa & Masheets & Coils

Zvakajairika Kutengeserana Mazita: Nickel Alloy 36, Invar 36®, Nilo 6®, Pernifer 6®

Yedu Alloy Steel Pipe inowanikwa muhukuru hwakasiyana, mamakisi, gauges uye gobvu zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemutengi. Isu tinopawo aya analloy steel lsaw mapaipi kune edu anokosha vatengi pamitengo inonzwisisika.

ASTM A240 Type 2205 Plate is a duplex stainless simbi simbi iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri emakemikari akadai sekuongorora kwemakemikari, kuongorora kwegasi, uye muinjiniya ekumaini. SA 240 GR 2205 pepa rinogadzirwa kubva kuGrade 2205 Simbi isina simbi, iyo iri musanganiswa wesimbi uye autenitic simbi.

304 STOLLILT STEEL Round THE STELLURGY, STOLLEL STEL, inozivikanwa seNox Simbi kana iyo simbi, chirahwe, nekisimusi ye1,5% Chii chinonyanya kushamisa pamusoro pesimbi isina simba ndiko kupesana kwavo, kunowedzera ne chromium yezvinyorwa. Kuwedzerwa kweMolybdenum kunovandudza kupesana kwekushora mukuderedza acids uye kudzikisira mu chloride mhinduro. Naizvozvo, kune mamakisi mazhinji esimbi ine tsvina neyakajairika chromium uye molybdenum zvirimo kuti ienderane nharaunda iyo Alloy inofanira kumira.

Iyo flange ndeyechipiri inonyanya kushandiswa nzira yekubatanidza mushure mekungoda. Mahara anoshandiswa kana majoini achida kushungurudzika. Inopa kuchinjika kwekugadzirisa. Flange inobatanidza pombi nemidziyo dzakasiyana siyana uye mavharuvhu. Kurambana kwekupwanya kunowedzerwa mune pombi system kana kugara uchichengetedzwa mukati panguva yekuvhiya kwekushandisa.

Izvo zvinokwanisa kutsungirira huwandu hwakawanda hwekuita oxidizing uye zvisiri-oxidizing makemikari, uye zvinoratidzira kuramba kwakanyanya kudzikisira uye kurwiswa kwechikepe pamberi pehuku uye kumwe kudziya.