Nickel alkolo-gareyaasha & go'yaal & xirmooyinka
Galaadka Falarsooyinka ah ee loo ballaariyo oo ah Irobel-Cobatt Alles, Orod-ka Kovar-ka, ayaa leh isku-dhafka kuleylka kuleylka kuleylka ee toosan ee la mid ah muraayadda adag ee heerkulka qaarkood ee heerkulka ah
Tuubbada nadaafadda birta ee birta ah ayaa lagu sawiray bannaanka iyo gudaha ee heerarka ugu sareeya ee tayo sare leh. 20-kii dherer ee loo yaqaan 'od \ / Aqoonsiyada' oct \ / 'ayaa la kulmay ASTM ASTM A270 iyo 3a heerarka fayadhowrka. Tuubada fayadhowrka, qalabka nadaafadda, tuubooyinka fayadhowrka iyo waxyaabaha kale ee fayadhowrka ah waxaa loo soo saaray cuntada iyo cabitaanka, warshadaha dawooyinka iyo bayoolajiga. Alaabteena ayaa injineer ah si loo yareeyo meelaha lagu xannibmo halkaas oo bakteeriyada ay sameyn karto oo ay kadhigi karto. Ku rakibidda nabaadka dhegta, waxaa loogu talagalay in la jebiyo, la nadiifiyo loona safro khadka wax soo saarka nadaafadda ee ugu habboon.