I-staine yentsimbi yentsimbi efanelekileyo ye-316l elw yokuqinisekisa ukumelana nokunganyangeki okuphezulu

I-304 yombhobho iluncedo apho ucoceko nococeko lubalulekile. I-manenetic kwimo ye-onneled. Ubunzima kunye namandla amanye anokonyuswa ngokusebenza kubanda, kodwa kuguqulwe ngumxholo we-carbon obonelela ngokuxhathisa ngokunyanzelwa kwi-WelDed Fresion yokwakha apho impatho enobushushu ayisebenzi.

Izinto ezenziwe ngoomatshini ezifana ne-petroleum, ishishini lekhemikhali, unyango, ukutya, ukhatywayo kunye nefani, ikhithi. Ubunzima bezinto ezibonakalayo zibonakala zibonakaliswa yidayimitha ye-indenti, enobuntu kwaye ilungele imibhobho yentsimbi enentsimbi enzima okanye enentsimbi enzima okanye ecekeceke.

I-304 intsimbi engenasitali yokunganyangeki kakhulu, lo mdiliya wamkele i-World Foonge iqhotyoshelwe kwinkqubo nge-WOLDONALD entanyeni. Indawo ye-Wellded inokuvavanywa ngokulula yi-radiology. I-pipe ezenziwe ngombhobho kunye neflange i-flange inciphise isiphithiphithi kunye nokukhukuliseka ngaphakathi kombhobho. I-Flange ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo zakho ezibalulekileyo kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngomoya, amanzi, ioyile, igesi yendalo, kunye ne-steam.

Chwetheza intsimbi ye-316 i-stainess yenziwa kwelinye ibanga ngenxa yoluhlu lwayo olubanzi lwamabakala kwaye lupakishwe ngokusetyenziswa kweleta "l" ngegama layo. Ndimele umxholo wekhabhoni esezantsi kwintsimbi.

Iiflethi zensimbi engacocekanga zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukufakelwa kwemibhobho emininzi, ngakumbi ngakumbi imibhobho yothumelo. Iiflethi zisetyenziselwa imibhobho yexesha elide.

La mabakala ngezistimu ezingenasitali ezingenasitali zezona zixhobo zingenantlonelo nezingagungqiyo. Babonisa ukunganyangeki okuhle kuluhlu olubanzi lweendawo ezinokubakho. Imibhobho yentsimbi ye-304 ne-304 ye-304l yentsimbi ibonakalisa ukuba i-wiminality elungileyo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ngaphandle kongeziweyo zensimbi.

Inentsimbi engama-347 ye-Stainess yokunganyangeki kakhulu, lo mdiliya wamkele i-Will Foonge iqhotyoshelwe kwinkqubo yaselwandle entanyeni. Indawo ye-Wellded inokuvavanywa ngokulula yi-radiology. I-pipe ezenziwe ngombhobho kunye neflange i-flange inciphise isiphithiphithi kunye nokukhukuliseka ngaphakathi kombhobho. I-Flange ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo zakho ezibalulekileyo kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngomoya, amanzi, ioyile, igesi yendalo, kunye ne-steam.

Iiflethi ezingama-254 ze-254 zinketho ezifanelekileyo kwiindibano zobunjineli; Ingasetyenziswa kwiindibano zamandla aphezulu, imisebenzi yokwakha kunye nezinto zomatshini ezifanelekileyo. Oku khuthaza i-ifutha kunye neenyembezi kwintshukumo ye-torques ephezulu, ixhaphake kumatshini ophezulu kumatshini.

I-Aisi 904l iziqwengana zisetyenziselwa ukubamba izinto kunye njengokuFunda, iValves, iiFilters kunye nezinye izinto ezinamaqhinga. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ze-Ai044l ze-Sud zibandakanya i-studs ezigcweleyo okanye eziqhubekayo, cofa ukuphelisa i-studs, i-Stud Studs, i-Scan Studs, i-Stud Studs, i-Scan Studs ye-Alticker kwi-iron isetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukunganyangeki kwe-iron. I-welding yesitayile sethu i-904l Bolts ye-bolts inokwenziwa sisebenzisa zonke iindlela eziqhelekileyo, ukongeza ayifuni ukuba i-Preheat kunye ne-Peld Head Pesvesments kwaye inokumelana ne-welting eshushu.

I-Stainess yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-Wool Cap isetyenziselwa ukutywina isiphelo sombhobho okanye isebe elithile le-SOTT le-WOTT. Ngokwesiqhelo i-SOT ye-Wood ye-Wood ye-Wold isetyenziswa ekupheleni kwenkqubo yokufakelwa okanye ukuba ilondolozo liyafuneka ukuba i-PAP ye-PARY inokungaboni okanye ikwahlula-hlula yonke inkqubo ukuba iqhubeke isebenza ngelixa ilondolozo lwenziwa.
I-SS 316 Iflonge
I-Duelplex yensimbi
IsiPhuthukezi
Indonesian
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-alloy yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-nickel alloy plates kunye neekhihlo kunye neekopi
Imivalo yensimbi kunye neentonga
I-HTTPS: \ / \ / www.htpipe.com \ / i-steelpipe
304 304 316 3166 I-S315 S31600 ye-Stainess yentsimbi
I-ASTM A403 WP317s ASTE B16.9 I-SINTTIONS PAP

I-304l yentsimbi engenasitayile
I-Stainess yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-Wild Cap luhlobo lombhobho ofanelekileyo ogubungela ukuphela kombhobho. Kuba inokuba neentambo ezibhinqileyo, inokukhafula isiphelo sombhobho. Ingakwazi ukwenziwa ukuvala ukuphela kombhobho. Kwi-WATAL, ukuba yinto esondeleyo, okanye ikontraktha ifuna ukongeza kwinkqubo yokulinganisa kwixa elizayo, kuya kufuneka avumele umbhobho owongezelelweyo ngaphambi kokuba uchitheke kwaye inkqubo ye-pump yandiswa njengoko kufuneka. Ngale ndlela awuyi kuba nombhobho omncinci kunokuba ufuna kwaye ukubaluleka kokufanelekileyo kunokuqhotyoshelwe ngokuchanekileyo.

I-304 imibhobho yentsimbi engenanto ilungele zonke iinkqubo zesakhiwo apho amandla amakhulu kunye nokuchasana okuphezulu kuyafuneka. Ukuba ne-Milling Mill Great kunye nomthungo we-Weldior we-Weldied, umbhobho ongenamanzi usetyenziselwa zonke iintlobo zeeprojekthi ze-pictorication ezichaphazelekayo kwizinto - iindawo ezinamanzi, kunye neendawo ezinetyuwa. Ubungakanani obunye bufumaneka nge-gerit ye-180 ye-gerit bringes.

Ihlazo elingaxutywanga liqulunqelwe ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo nezizimeleyo nangona zidityanisiwe; Iflethi, iigesi, kunye nokutyibilika; ezihlanganisene kwenye impembelelo, efanelekileyo. Ulawulo olukhethekileyo luyafuneka ekukhetheni nasekusebenziseni zonke izinto ezikhoyo zokufumana udibaniso, oluqinileyo lokuqina.
I-ASTM A312 i-T36 yi-T316 luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokufumana i-lamy, ethe tye-selded, kwaye ebandayo kakhulu e-Austeditic Stainess Stainess esetyenziswe kwiqondo lokuhlala eliphezulu kunye neenkonzo ngokubanzi zoncedo. Umbhobho wentsimbi wama-316 ongenamizi-mveliso yenziwa kwindibaniselwano ye-chromium, i-nickel, nase molybdenum, enika i-SS 316 ityhubhu ityhubhu inyangeka kakhulu ekucocekeni nasekucoceni.
I-al6xn yintsimbi ye-suprausitic ye-scainess engaqhelekanga ngokuchasene ne-chloride pide, i-crevice yosulelo kunye noxinzelelo lokungasebenzi. I-al6xn yi-6 ye-for moray eyaphuhliswa kwaye isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinomsindo. Ine-nickel ephezulu (i-24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), iziqulatho ze-nitrogen kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chiromium kunye ne-chloride publity, kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-chloride. I-al6xn isetyenziselwa ngokuyintloko iphuculwe i-wirvice yokungakhathali kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-cravice kwi-chlolor. Yintsimbi engenasimo sengqondo esisebenzayo neliyisinga.

Intsimbi engama-304 yeyona nsimbi ixhaphakileyo. Intsimbi iqulathe zombini i-chromium (phakathi kwe-18% ne-20%) kunye ne-NCECEL (phakathi kwe-8% ne-8% ne-10] yezinyithi njengeziindawo eziphambili zentsimbi. Yintsimbi engathandekiyo ye-austitic ye-stainic. I-SS304 ikwasetyenziselwa ukwenza iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, ivili levili kunye ne-quiades zokwakha.

An NT08367 kwakhona kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-alloy al6xn yikharbon ephantsi, ukucoceka okuphezulu, i-nitrogen-i-itrogen-molybdenum ye-pirden ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride inkcitho kunye ne-cravice incade.

I-317 ye-prool spools iphuculwe ukumelana nokuchasana ne-316l

I-Din976 904l-1.4539-I-N08904 ye-Bleiness ye-M24 ye-ANT ye-M24 ye-Aute04904

I-pump yombhobho yombhobho yeBanga le-316 isebenza ngokulula, ngeendlela ezisemgangathweni zephepha lesinyithi, ngaphandle kokuba ayinakubakho ioksijini. Ukusika iplasma kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Ukukwazi okunzulu kweBanga 316 alibalasele, ngenxa yokuzinza kwayo okuphezulu.
I-Poipe Spools
I-Duelplex yensimbi
IsiPhuthukezi
Indonesian
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-alloy yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-Stainess yentsimbi engama-304 I-Inch 300lbbs
Imivalo yensimbi kunye neentonga
I-HTTPS: \ / \ / www.htpipe.com \ / i-steelpipe

I-Al-6xn (ayingaphezulu kwe-N08367) yi-6% molybdenum, ikharbon ephantsi, i-nitrogen-ene-netrogen - i-aussititic stainess alloy. I-alloy yayiyilelwe kwizicelo zolwandle zamanzi. I-al-6xn? iphinde yasetyenziswa ngempumelelo kuluhlu olubanzi lweendawo ezibanzi kakhulu kubandakanya ukuthengisa ngokukhawuleza kwe-biophaphapha.

Iipayipi ezingama-254 zinokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwendlela kunye ne-Alloty i-254 ye-pump ye-pump yoxinzelelo kwiqondo lobushushu kunye nezixhobo.

Ukuze udlulisele umbhobho, kuyimfuneko ukususa i-hose ethe tye ngombhobho. Xa usebenzisa imibhobho eyahlukeneyo, kufuneka isetyenziswe ngemibhobho eyahlukeneyo. Xa kusetyenziswa umbhobho, i-elbow kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukutshintsha ubungakanani bombhobho. Xa ukubhabha, umbhobho weendlela ezintathu kusetyenziswa xa i-pipeling eyahlukeneyo ye-pipeling kunye nokwanda kokuhamba kwexesha elide kunye nokwandiswa komgangatho obandayo kunye nolwandiso olubi kakhulu kunye nolwandiso olubandayo olusetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana nombhobho. , Ekuqhagamsheleni nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, kukho i-quadriday kunye neeplagi zesigaba sesixhobo.

I-SAE 304 Intsimbi engenasimo yeyona nsihla ixhaphakileyo. Intsimbi iqulathe zombini i-chromium (phakathi kwe-18% ne-20%) kunye ne-NCECEL (phakathi kwe-8% ne-8% ne-10] yezinyithi njengeziindawo eziphambili zentsimbi. Sisinyithi esingenasimo esingenangqondo. Ingaphantsi kombane kunye nefuthe elinomsindo kunentsimbi yekharbon. Yimagnethi, kodwa ingaphantsi kunentsimbi. Inomchasi ophezulu wokungakhathali kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokukhululeka apho kusenziwa iimilo ezahlukeneyo. [1]
I-SS 316 Iflonge
I-Duelplex yensimbi
IsiPhuthukezi
Indonesian
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-alloy yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-nickel alloy plates kunye neekhihlo kunye neekopi
Imivalo yensimbi kunye neentonga
I-HTTPS: \ / \ / www.htpipe.com \ / i-steelpipe
304 304 316 3166 I-S315 S31600 ye-Stainess yentsimbi
Ubude: Ngokwemfuno yakho. "

IMyanmar (iBurmese)
I-304 \ / 304l intsimbi engenasitali ineepropathi ezintle kwaye ishushu, kwaye inokusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kunye nokusebenza ukuvelisa iimveliso ezibandayo nezishushu ukuvelisa iimveliso ezibambeleyo ezinjengokuthi njengeemveliso ezixekweni, iiplate, imitya kunye neepleyili. Uluhlu lobushushu obushushu bokusebenza bungama-900-1180 ¡¡i-æ. Ukusebenza kubanda kulula kwaye kungabi nzima kakhulu, kuba ezi ziqwenga zibini kulula ukubanda, kwaye xa isiphene esibandayo sikhulu kakhulu, i-intection ephakathi iyafuneka ukuqhubela phambili.

IBakala F22 libanga lentsimbi eliphantsi elinomxholo we-chromium phakathi kwe-2% ne-2,5%. Umxholo we-chromium kunye ne-molybdenum iphindwe kabini kwiBanga le-F11. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomxholo ophezulu wazo zonke izinto ezabelayo ukuya kwi-5%, ihlelwe njengenqanaba lentsimbi eliphantsi. NjengeBakala le-Allo of Lweeli, i-ASTM A182 F22 f22 f22 flunges i-valesform ye-carbon sensi, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezibandakanya amaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
I-SS 316 Iflonge
I-Duelplex yensimbi
IsiPhuthukezi
Indonesian
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-alloy yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-nickel alloy plates kunye neekhihlo kunye neekopi
Imivalo yensimbi kunye neentonga
I-HTTPS: \ / \ / www.htpipe.com \ / i-steelpipe
304 304 316 3166 I-S315 S31600 ye-Stainess yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zensimbi kunye namashiti kunye neekopi

Umxholo wekhabhoni ophantsi we-316l ubonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo kwingxaki yobunjineli obuqhelekileyo kunye ne-316 yentsimbi engenasibala. Olu tshintsho luncinci kwisicelo sakho lunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwiindleko zakho zokusebenza kunye neeparamitha zokuqinisekisa umgangatho njengombutho weshishini. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zentsimbi ezinjengama-304 ne-306, i-316l i-316l alloy yensimbi inokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo apho kuyafuneka khona ukumelana nokunganyangeki. Umzekelo, iingcali kumashishini eekhemikhali kunye namayeza echiza ziyisebenzisa ukwenza izixhobo zoqhaqho kunye neendawo zonyango.

Ihlazo elingaxutywanga liqulunqelwe ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo nezizimeleyo nangona zidityanisiwe; Iflethi, iigesi, kunye nokutyibilika; ezihlanganisene kwenye impembelelo, efanelekileyo. Ulawulo olukhethekileyo luyafuneka ekukhetheni nasekusebenziseni zonke izinto ezikhoyo zokufumana udibaniso, oluqinileyo lokuqina.
I-ASTM A312 i-T36 yi-T316 luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokufumana i-lamy, ethe tye-selded, kwaye ebandayo kakhulu e-Austeditic Stainess Stainess esetyenziswe kwiqondo lokuhlala eliphezulu kunye neenkonzo ngokubanzi zoncedo. Umbhobho wentsimbi wama-316 ongenamizi-mveliso yenziwa kwindibaniselwano ye-chromium, i-nickel, nase molybdenum, enika i-SS 316 ityhubhu ityhubhu inyangeka kakhulu ekucocekeni nasekucoceni.
I-al6xn yintsimbi ye-suprausitic ye-scainess engaqhelekanga ngokuchasene ne-chloride pide, i-crevice yosulelo kunye noxinzelelo lokungasebenzi. I-al6xn yi-6 ye-for moray eyaphuhliswa kwaye isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinomsindo. Ine-nickel ephezulu (i-24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), iziqulatho ze-nitrogen kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chiromium kunye ne-chloride publity, kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-chloride. I-al6xn isetyenziselwa ngokuyintloko iphuculwe i-wirvice yokungakhathali kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-cravice kwi-chlolor. Yintsimbi engenasimo sengqondo esisebenzayo neliyisinga.

IBakala 316 likwadityaniswa ngentsimbi, kwaye kwakhona iqulethe inani elibalulekileyo le-nickel kunye neChromium¡10-18%, i-manganese, i-molybdenum, kunye nesilicon. Ngesi sizathu, intsimbi ye-316 iBanga le-316 ihlala ikhethwa ukuba isetyenziswe kwiindawo zaselwandle.

I-al-6xn (ayinga-BY.88367) ibonelela ngexabiso elizinzileyo nelo elithembekileyo elenza ukuba umnini abuyele imbuyekezo echanekileyo kutyalo-mali.

I-Alloy 317l inesichaso sokunganyangeki kuluhlu olubanzi lweekhemikhali. Ibuyise ukuhlasela kwi-sulfuric acid, i-acidic chlorine kunye ne-phosphoric acid.

Imivalo yentsimbi kunye neentonga
I-304 \ / 304l intsimbi engenasitali ineepropathi ezintle kwaye ishushu, kwaye inokusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kunye nokusebenza ukuvelisa iimveliso ezibandayo nezishushu ukuvelisa iimveliso ezibambeleyo ezinjengokuthi njengeemveliso ezixekweni, iiplate, imitya kunye neepleyili. Uluhlu lobushushu obushushu bokusebenza bungama-900-1180 ¡¡i-æ. Ukusebenza kubanda kulula kwaye kungabi nzima kakhulu, kuba ezi ziqwenga zibini kulula ukubanda, kwaye xa isiphene esibandayo sikhulu kakhulu, i-intection ephakathi iyafuneka ukuqhubela phambili.

Isisombululo sokuthinta (sikwabhekiswa kuye njengesisombululo sokunyanga) yinkqubo eqhelekileyo yokunyanga ubushushu kwiintsapho ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zezinyithi. I-Stails, i-Aluminium Altings, i-Nickel Supelics, i-titanium alloys, kunye nezinye iindlela zobhedu zonke zinokufuna isisombululo.

I-Flange ikwisibini uninzi lwendlela ekujoyine ngayo emva kokudalwa. Iiflene zisetyenziswa xa amalungu afuna ukugculelwa. Inika ukutshintsha kwesondlo. Iflethi inxibelelanisa umbhobho kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo nakwiivalve. Iiflethi zoqhawulo-mtshato zongezwa kwinkqubo ye-piholit ukuba igcinwe rhoqo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesityalo.
I-Poipe Spools
I-Duelplex yensimbi
IsiPhuthukezi
Indonesian
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-alloy yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
Ubungakanani "OD: 1 \ / 2" "~ 48" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" ""
Imivalo yensimbi kunye neentonga
I-HTTPS: \ / \ / www.htpipe.com \ / i-steelpipe

I-316l 1.4401 S31601 i-Stainess yentsimbi yindlela yokhetho lombhobho kunye nomoya oqinileyo oqhelekileyo oqhele ukusetyenziswa kwoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezivela kwimizi-mveliso nezorhwebo. Le phuli ye-SS3603 yenziwe kumgangatho ophezulu we-316l yentsimbi enyaweni ngokuchasene ne-oxidation kunye ne-staining yendawo enobunzima okanye iZicelo eziPhakamileyo.
I-SS 316 Iflonge
I-Duelplex yensimbi
IsiPhuthukezi
Indonesian
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-alloy yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-nickel alloy plates kunye neekhihlo kunye neekopi
Imivalo yensimbi kunye neentonga
I-HTTPS: \ / \ / www.htpipe.com \ / i-steelpipe
304 304 316 3166 I-S315 S31600 ye-Stainess yentsimbi
Intsimbi engenasinqwazi 347 i-fangs 300lbbs

Chwetheza i-304l yohlobo lwe-304 ngomxholo wekhabhoni ephantsi ukuphucula i-Herest kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wokuncitshiswa kwe-slosion. Amandla okuvelisa kunye namandla obunxuwa obuchwechwe nge-304l bancitshisiwe kancinci xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lwe-304.

Imibhobho yentsimbi engama-316 iye yaba zizixhobo ezinokubonakala kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso. Olu lwabiwo lwesinyithi kunye ne-chrome ibonwa ngokunyangeka kwayo phezulu ekucocekeni, kunye nokuqina kwayo. I-316 ityhubhu yentsimbi engenasitali inokuveliswa kuzo zombini iityhubhu ezingenamthungo kunye ne-weldied ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zabathengi.
I-flange yi-rollge efihliweyo, imilebe okanye irayisi, nokuba ingaphandle okanye ingaphandle, isebenza ukonyusa amandla (njengeflethi ye-Iron okanye i-T-MAAM); Ukuncamathela ngokulula \ / ukudluliselwa kwendlela yoqhakamshelwano kunye nenye into (njenge-flange ekupheleni kombhobho, isilinda se-Steam, njl njl. okanye ukuzinzisa nokukhokela iintshukumo zoomatshini okanye iinxalenye zayo (njenge-flange yangaphakathi yemoto kaloliwe okanye ivili le-tram, eligcina amavili ukuba abaleke khona amavili). Ibinzana elithi "iFlanger" likwasetyenziselwa uhlobo lwesixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukwenza iiflene.

I-304 S30400 1.4301 piiching spools ezingama-304 zensimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi

I-304 i-prools ye-piiding yenziwa ngentsimbi engama-304 yentsimbi, into eqhelekileyo neyaziwayo kwizicelo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso efuna ukumelana nokungavisisani kunye ne-oxidation. Ezi zi-S30400 ze-piiding prools zisebenzisa oomatshini okhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo, eziqinisekisa ukuba zichanekile kwaye zinokuthenjwa.

Intsimbi engenasimo yinqanaba elingenasinveni eliveliswa ngokwemigangatho ye-American Estm. Intsimbi engenalo i-staine yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu intsimbi engenasithambiso kunye nentsimbi echasene nobushushu. Isebenza kwizixhobo zemveliso yokutya, izixhobo ze-xitong, amandla enyukliya, njl.

Iiflethi zensimbi engenasitali zineepropathi ezilungileyo zentsimbi kunye nokunganyangeki, kwaye zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukufakelwa kunye nokudityaniswa kwemibhobho yamanzi engenasitayile, imibhobho yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nemibhobho yoxinzelelo lwe-noti-colosion.