Kurdish (iKurmanJi)

I-304 i-prools ye-piiding yenziwa ngentsimbi engama-304 yentsimbi, into eqhelekileyo neyaziwayo kwizicelo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso efuna ukumelana nokungavisisani kunye ne-oxidation. Ezi zi-S30400 ze-piiding prools zisebenzisa oomatshini okhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo, eziqinisekisa ukuba zichanekile kwaye zinokuthenjwa.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezinjengeSoket Weld, i-Weldid Fienges, i-bip ye-internel 601 kwiflethi, i-orifice flaxes njalo njalo. Iiflene ezenziwe ngazo ezi zixhobo zomelele, i-corosion enganyangekiyo kwii-AIDS, ukunciphisa iiarhente kunye ne-oxidation kwaye zinzima kakhulu.

I-Dotelloy Affayili
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Kwiimeko ezinobunkunkqele ngokwaneleyo ukubangela i-ilrosion ye-ilds kunye nemimandla echaphazelekayo, ezi kufuneka isebenzise i-sthy s31600 i-ST3600 \ / s36603 \ / s3603 eyimfama ngenxa yomxholo wekhabhoni esezantsi.
I-SS 316 yeFlethi ebusweni

I-Alloty 800 Intamo ye-Wool Shounges Sinodumo olunamandla sinemveliso yokuvelisa ukuqaqamba okusemgangathweni weentlobo ezahlukeneyo eziya kuhambelana neemfuno zabaxumi bethu. Senza i-flaves engathandekiyo engama-800 enokuthenjwa kwaye iphezulu kumgangatho. Sisebenzisa izixhobo zeprimiyamu kunye noomatshini abaphambili bokuvelisa i-ASTM B564 AN08800 I-Acloy 800 Fufxees.

800H Yiba nokunganyangeki kakuhle kokunyanzelwa kwe-oxidotion kunye ne-Honedific, kodwa mhlawumbi ukuthatyathwa kancinci kwe-halide, kunye nepropathi ebalaseleyo kumxube wamanzi, umsi, i-steam, umoya kunye nekhabhoni yekharbon.

I-Flange ikwisibini uninzi lwendlela ekujoyine ngayo emva kokudalwa. Iiflene zisetyenziswa xa amalungu afuna ukugculelwa. Inika ukutshintsha kwesondlo. Iflethi inxibelelanisa umbhobho kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo nakwiivalve. Iiflethi zoqhawulo-mtshato zongezwa kwinkqubo ye-piholit ukuba igcinwe rhoqo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesityalo.

Uhlobo loqhagamshelo lweflenge luhlala luza neyunithi ephindwe kabini, kunye ne-weheheshe kunye neebhotile kunye namantongomane ukuze uqhagamshele omnye komnye. . Uxhuma luphononongo lulula, lube bhetyebhetye kwaye lusindiso. Xa i-pipeline ilungisiwe, izikrikhi kwi-flange zinokususwa, kwaye umbhobho ohambelana naye okanye ivalve inokususwa. Faka endaweni yemibhobho emitsha kunye neevutha.

I-UNOLL 718 yi-Nickel-Chromium-esekwe rhoqo kusetyenziswa izicelo zeqondo lobushushu ezinje nge-aerospace kunye neeturbines zegesi. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-ASTM B670 Iphepha le-718 yinkqubo yokuqengqeleka kweplate. Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zeepleyiti ze-Indel ze-Polnel 718 ezikhoyo kwintengiso: ishushu eshushu kwaye ibanda ipleyiti.

I-UNOLD 600 Ibar ye-UNCEL ye-nickel-esekwe kwi-begn ye-Bign ye-Bicen kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-corosion egqwesileyo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Imivalo ye-UNIRD engama-600 isebenza ngokuchasene nokomile CL2 kunye nezinye iigesi ezininzi ezahlukileyo kubushushu obuthambileyo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. I-Allod 600 Bar ibar-chromium ye-neckel-chromium ye-Allomium-i-Allomion elungileyo kunye nokuxhathisa kwi-chloride yoxinzelelo lwe-chloride, i-ocid yosulelo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

I-Intloy 800H Fonger Sinombala oqinileyo weshishini ngokuvelisa ukuqaqamba okusemgangathweni weentlobo ezahlukeneyo eziza kulungela iimfuno zabaxumi bethu. Senza i-flaves engathandekiyo engama-800 enokuthenjwa kwaye iphezulu kumgangatho. Sisebenzisa izixhobo zeprimiyamu kunye noomatshini abaphambili bokuvelisa i-ASTM B564 AN08800 I-Acloy 800 Fufxees.

I-Nickel esekwe kwi-800 ye-hexagonal yombhobho owaziwayo ukuba uxhathise kakuhle ukungangqinelani. Ngokukhethekileyo ukuthetha, umbhobho we-play 800 unika ukumelana ngokwaneleyo ngokuchasene ne-carbring kunye ne-corosion ye-oxivide.
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ye-alloy kunye neekhiliki

I-Presemas 36 ® yi-nickel-iron, isabelo esisezantsi esine-36% uNickel, uGeser 36 unelungelo lobushushu baseSrygenic ukuya malunga ne + 500 ° F (i-260 ° C).

I-Din931 2205-S31803 I-Tore yeThunge ye-Depex yeNtloko yeNtloko ye-hex

I-Dupex 2205 yavavanywa phantsi koxinzelelo lokugoba kwiqondo lokushisa legumbi xa kuthelekiswa ne-SS316. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-Duplex 2205 ineendawo eziphindwe kabini kumda wokudinwa \ / amandla esivuno.

I-ASTM A312 i-T36 yi-T316 luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokufumana i-lamy, ethe tye-selded, kwaye ebandayo kakhulu e-Austeditic Stainess Stainess esetyenziswe kwiqondo lokuhlala eliphezulu kunye neenkonzo ngokubanzi zoncedo. Umbhobho wentsimbi wama-316 ongenamizi-mveliso yenziwa kwindibaniselwano ye-chromium, i-nickel, nase molybdenum, enika i-SS 316 ityhubhu ityhubhu inyangeka kakhulu ekucocekeni nasekucoceni.

IBakala lama-317l iflethi engenasitali ifumaneka ngokulula kwizicelo ezikwimizi-mveliso, indawo yoyilo, kunye nezothutho. IBakala 317 ikwanazo iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zeWolding. I-Post-Weld Alneing ayimfuneko xa inamacandelo amanqam.

Kuyakwazi ukumelana nodidi olubanzi lweekhemikhali ze-oxiding kunye nokungabi nakuphathelele ukuchasana nokuchasana nokuhlaselwa kunye nokuhlaselwa kwe-ravice phambi kobukho be-chloride kunye nezinye iindlela zokuhamba.

I-Aisi 316 Ixabiso lePipe - Zhengzhou Huitong Pidieline Izixhobo CO., Ltd.
I-ASME B36.19m yindlela esemgangathweni yemibhobho yentsimbi engenasitayile, echaza imibhobho, unyamezelo, kunye neemfuno zokwenza imibhobho ye-weldided kunye engenamthungo.
I-S31600 ye-pipe, umbhobho wentsimbi engenanto

Intsimbi engenasimo i-304 inomchasi obalaseleyo kwimeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nokunxibelelana nemithombo yeendaba ezahlukeneyo. I-pirtice kunye ne-crevice yoriso inokwenzeka kwi-chloride enemimandla enesiphene. Uxinzelelo lokungahambi kakuhle lunokwenzeka kwiqondo lobushushu elingaphezulu kwe-60¡ Thonac.

Isabelo-lelaza-e-Iron-Counckel-Cobarty-Cobart, Yiba ne-Navar Alflic, ube nolwandiso lolwandiso lwe-thermar of thermar olinganayo neglasi yeglasi

Isilayidi se-alloy sentsimbi kwezi fungents zinokuba ngomasipala kwaye zinqunywe kwimo yoxinzelelo.

I-internel 625 i-iNckel Super-esekwe kwiPropathi ePhakamileyo kunye nokuxhathisa ukuvela, kubandakanya i-H2S kunye ne-CO2, kunye namaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo.

I-flange iringi yentsimbi (yenziwa, inqunyulwe kwiplate, okanye iqengqele) eyenzelwe ukudibanisa amacandelo ombhobho, okanye i-vape, impondo ebalulekileyo. Iiflethi zidityaniswe zinye zidityaniswe ziibhotile, nakwinkqubo yokubhoboza ngokwenza i-welding okanye intambo (okanye ikhululekile xa isetyenziswa iziphelo zesiqalo). I-Stainess Flonge iFlange i-ss falnge, ibhekisa kwiflethi eyenziwe ngentsimbi engenasimo. Imigangatho yezinto eziqhelekileyo kunye namabakala yi-ASTM A182 IBakala F304 \ / L. / L. /.

I-ASME SA182 SS 317 FOOGES YESIQINISEKISO SE-MOLYBDUM UMGANGATHO WOKHUSELEKO SOKUKHUSELEKA IXESHA LOKUGQIBELA. Yeyona nto inyangekayo ye-corrosion ye-300 yoluhlu kwaye inoluhlu oluphezulu kunye ne-tensries ephezulu kunye namandla e-creep kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo.

I-Nin Alloy 36, W.nr 1.3912, ugqirha we-36 ® yi-nickel-intsimbi enolwandiso olune-36% ye-nickel, i-chacelin enolwandiso olunama-36% kwaye inesitayile se-therble yentsimbi.

I-800H ayinakukhutshwa kwiintlobo ezininzi zemidiya. Umxholo we-nikel ephezulu wenza ukuba ifumane iipropathi zoxinzelelo lokunganyangeki kwimo yokuchasana nemeko yokuqhekezwa kwezakhiwo zamanzi. Umxholo weChromium oPhakamileyo wenza ukuba kuxhathise ngcono ukubeka kunye nokuqhekeka kweCrevice. Eli alloy linokumelana ne-nitric acid kunye ne-organic acid, kodwa ayilunganga kangako kwi-sulfuric acid kunye ne-hydrochloric acid.

I-Dotelloy C2000 ifumaneka kubungakanani beempawu kunye nobungqingili, olu hlobo lwe-nickel-chromium-molybdenum ludume ngamandla alo oluphangaleleyo kunye nokungaxhathisi.

An NT08367 kwakhona kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-alloy al6xn yikharbon ephantsi, ukucoceka okuphezulu, i-nitrogen-i-itrogen-molybdenum ye-pirden ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride inkcitho kunye ne-cravice incade.

I-Stainess Shonges
I-Attelloy enganyangekiyo i-Corrosion isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ngamashishini okuqhuba iikhemikhali. Isidingo sentsebenzo esinokuthenjwa sikhokelela ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni kweenkalo zamandla, ezempilo kunye nokusingqongileyo, ioyile kunye negesi, amayeza kunye neflimu yegesi.

Ihlazo elingaxutywanga liqulunqelwe ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo nezizimeleyo nangona zidityanisiwe; Iflethi, iigesi, kunye nokutyibilika; ezihlanganisene kwenye impembelelo, efanelekileyo. Ulawulo olukhethekileyo luyafuneka ekukhetheni nasekusebenziseni zonke izinto ezikhoyo zokufumana udibaniso, oluqinileyo lokuqina.

I-304 S30400 1.4301 piiching spools ezingama-304 zensimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi

I-Dotelloy C276 I-BOBT ye-WelDed Elbows enganyangeki ekwi-pirvice yosulelo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-comrosion

I-A182 F53 2507 iFlanger ekhethekileyo ibonelela ngokuchasene nokugxeka kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-reavice

I-ASTM A213 T304, T304l, T316l, T31, T31, T3114, T3110, T3102, No8904

I-A240 yohlobo lwe-A240 ye-2205 ipleyiti ipleyiti yentsimbi engenasitali esetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo anjengokuqhubela phambili kwemichiza, ioyile kunye negesi. Iphepha le-SA 240 Gr 2205 yenziwe kwiBanga lama-2205 lentsimbi engenasibala, elindibaniselwano yentsimbi ye-ferric kunye ne-austentitic.

I-SCH40 ye-SCH40 ye-SCHE4000 ichongwe njengenombolo ye-Werkstof 2.4360 kwaye ingabi-nye N04400. I-Allow Gipe eyaziwa ngokuba yimodeli ye-nol-500, imodeli engama-400 yemodeli kunye ne-nickel alloy 400.

I-flange yi-rollge efihliweyo, imilebe okanye irayisi, nokuba ingaphandle okanye ingaphandle, isebenza ukonyusa amandla (njengeflethi ye-Iron okanye i-T-MAAM); Ukuncamathela ngokulula \ / ukudluliselwa kwendlela yoqhakamshelwano kunye nenye into (njenge-flange ekupheleni kombhobho, isilinda se-Steam, njl njl. okanye ukuzinzisa nokukhokela iintshukumo zoomatshini okanye iinxalenye zayo (njenge-flange yangaphakathi yemoto kaloliwe okanye ivili le-tram, eligcina amavili ukuba abaleke khona amavili). Ibinzana elithi "iFlanger" likwasetyenziselwa uhlobo lwesixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukwenza iiflene.

Ukuxinana kukaTitanium malunga ne-60% ye-Affel engenasitali kunye ne-neckel alloy, obu boyili bobunzima buyenza ukuba ifundwe kwizicelo ezizeleyo njengee-aerospace.

Imibhobho yokuqwalaselwa engenamthungo inomthamo ophakamileyo wokuthwala umthwalo kunye namandla amanye amabakala.

Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-oyile yeoyile ye-oli

I-Nickel-calper-esekwe kwimodeli engama-400 ye-400 ye-2.4360 ukubanda irhabaxa ingenalo i-chloride enxulumene nokubhloka kwe-chlorive yoxinzelelo xa ityhilwe kwimithombo yoxinzelelo. Imoral 400 i-copper kunye ne-nickel ye-nealy esule namhlanje ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo ephezulu. I-alloy ine-acid egqwesileyo kunye ne-alkali. Ukongeza, inamandla amanye amanye amanxuwa, ukuqhutywa kwengqondo okuphezulu, kwaye kunokuba nzima ngumsebenzi obandayo. Ukongeza, inokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezinamaqondo obushushu asusela kwi-thamo ukuya kwi-538 degrees Celsius.

Imibhobho yentsimbi engama-316 iye yaba zizixhobo ezinokubonakala kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso. Olu lwabiwo lwesinyithi kunye ne-chrome ibonwa ngokunyangeka kwayo phezulu ekucocekeni, kunye nokuqina kwayo. I-316 ityhubhu yentsimbi engenasitali inokuveliswa kuzo zombini iityhubhu ezingenamthungo kunye ne-weldied ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zabathengi.

Ubukho bohlobo lwe-duplex 2205 imibhobho ye-Weldied yeyona nto ibonelela ngayo intsebenzo ephuculweyo yale manqanaba intsimbi engenasimo kwi-castic enemidiya.

I-chromium ephezulu, i-molybdenum kunye ne-nitrogen yeziphumo zokuchasana ne-pittiverance inombolo elinganayo (i-PREN) ye-40, ibonelela ngeqondo leendaba elingaphezulu kunye ne-durevice yokungaziphathi kakuhle kunye ne-durexice yokungaziphathi kakuhle, kwaye inobushushu obuqiqileyo ngaphezulu kwe-50¡c.

I-304 intsimbi engenasitali yokunganyangeki kakhulu, lo mdiliya wamkele i-World Foonge iqhotyoshelwe kwinkqubo nge-WOLDONALD entanyeni. Indawo ye-Wellded inokuvavanywa ngokulula yi-radiology. I-pipe ezenziwe ngombhobho kunye neflange i-flange inciphise isiphithiphithi kunye nokukhukuliseka ngaphakathi kombhobho. I-Flange ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo zakho ezibalulekileyo kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngomoya, amanzi, ioyile, igesi yendalo, kunye ne-steam.
Oku kuboniswa ngeNumeri yoXolo PN6 nge-PN64. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-60 yeentrangi ze-Alloty Held yeNtloko kwiKhemikhali, isityalo samandla, iPetroleum kunye nezicelo zeshishini lePetrole.
Imoda 400 ineepropathi ezihamba kakuhle kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu e-zero, angasetyenziselwa ukuya kwi-1000 ¡, kwaye inyibilike inyibilika ye-2370-2460¡in. Nangona kunjalo, i-Alloy 400 inamandla asezantsi kwisimo sengqondo esimiselweyo, ngoko ke amayeza amaninzi angasetyenziselwa ukwandisa amandla.
Kwi-2500 # kwi-NPS kwi-NPS 1 \ / 2 ukuya kwi-NPS 1222 i-A182 ye-S3275 ye-S3275 s3275 ye-S3275 ye-I-A,2 ye-Oyile, kunye nokwakhiwa kwemigodi, ukwenziwa kwemigodi, ukwenziwa kwemigodi, ukwenziwa kwemigodi, ukwenziwa kwemigodi kunye nokwakhiwa kwemigodi.
I-304 ikwane-8-10.5% nickel (NI). Yongezwa ukwenza ulwakhiwo lwe-austetete luzinza ngakumbi kubushushu begumbi. I-nickel ikwaphucula iphucula ubushushu obuphezulu obukhulu bokunganyangeki, ukwenza intsimbi enganyangekiyo kuxinzelelo loxinzelelo. Apho intsimbi iyolula yolula, ipesenti esezantsi (8%) ye-nickel kufuneka ikhethwe. Iipesenti eziphezulu zingcono (9% okanye ngaphezulu) ukuba intsimbi inokuthi ingene ngaphakathi.

Iityhubhu ezingama-600 ezingenamthungo ezingenamthungo zingama-N06600 kunye ne-ASTM B167 zenzelwa ukuba zixhase uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu kwaye zize newaranti enkulu.

Ibonisa ukunganyangeki okuhle kunye nokucutha iindawo ezinqabileyo. Eli babele le ladala itayitile yesidima, ifilimu yokukhusela engaphumi, kodwa igcina ukunganyangeki okukhulu kwe-oxidation Ekunyangeni ekuhlaleni.

I-304 ikwane-8-10.5% nickel (NI). Yongezwa ukwenza ulwakhiwo lwe-austetete luzinza ngakumbi kubushushu begumbi. I-nickel ikwaphucula iphucula ubushushu obuphezulu obukhulu bokunganyangeki, ukwenza intsimbi enganyangekiyo kuxinzelelo loxinzelelo. Apho intsimbi iyolula yolula, ipesenti esezantsi (8%) ye-nickel kufuneka ikhethwe. Iipesenti eziphezulu zingcono (9% okanye ngaphezulu) ukuba intsimbi ikhuselwe ngaphakathi.

I-ASTM A276 310 imigoqo ingatsho ngokucacileyo ukuba i-capper yenye yezinto eziphambili zalo naliphi na ishishini lemveliso okanye nawuphi na umzi mveliso oxhomekeka koomatshini. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-Automotive, iMpazamo, yokwenziwa, indawo, isamente, indawo yokuthumela, iphepha kunye nePubp, izixhobo zokuzikhusela, i-aerospace.

Din933-I-NI 2011

I-Dotelloy C22 Fufxes yindlela esetyenziswe ngamashishini amaninzi ekunxibelelaneni kwemibhobho, iivalve, iimpompo kunye nezinye izixhobo, kwinto ekubhekiswa kuyo njengenkqubo yokufaka.

Nickel alloy incoloy seamless pipe tube price 800 800H 800HT N08800 N08810 N08811

A789 ASTR3803 kwaye angabi-S32205 ngamabakala amabini e-upplex engasetyenziswanga ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso. Ezi pumplex ze-duplex s31803 zaziwa ngokuchasene nokunganyangekala kwabo okuhle, amandla aphezulu, kunye nokwanela kakuhle. I-A789 yinkcazo egubungela iityhubhu ezingenamthungo nezinebhulethi ezenziwe ngentsimbi engenasibala.

I-Nickel 200 I-ENCEL I-NECEL-FECKES SFEUNS iyahlala, izinzile, kwaye igqibele. Ngaphezu koko, i-ASTM B564 i-N064 i-H02200 iflethi inganyangeki ukuba iyoliswa kwiindawo ezingathathi hlangothi, ezenza bagqibelele ukuze basebenzise izixhobo zokuphatha ukutya.

I-S32750 S32760 Super Dupplex ye-Staines yentsimbi kunye ne-Pipes egqwesileyo yaseKhaya

I-al6xn yintsimbi ye-suprausitic ye-scainess engaqhelekanga ngokuchasene ne-chloride pide, i-crevice yosulelo kunye noxinzelelo lokungasebenzi. I-al6xn yi-6 ye-for moray eyaphuhliswa kwaye isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinomsindo. Ine-nickel ephezulu (i-24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), iziqulatho ze-nitrogen kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chiromium kunye ne-chloride publity, kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-chloride. I-al6xn isetyenziselwa ngokuyintloko iphuculwe i-wirvice yokungakhathali kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-cravice kwi-chlolor. Yintsimbi engenasimo sengqondo esisebenzayo neliyisinga.

I-Dotelloy C2000 Iityhubhu zisetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini kubandakanya ukuqhubekeka, izixhobo zokuqhubela kwemichiza, i-oyile kunye nezityalo zamandla.

Iipayipi ezingama-254 zinokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwendlela kunye ne-Alloty i-254 ye-pump ye-pump yoxinzelelo kwiqondo lobushushu kunye nezixhobo.

Le nto i-nickel 2.4816 i-bolt ingeyonto ye-non-gonetic. I-Nuts Ext kunye ne-golts ineempawu ezigqwesileyo zoomatshini, inika abathengi Indibaniselwano efanelekileyo yamandla aphezulu kunye nokwanela okulungileyo kuluhlu lobushushu olubanzi. Umxholo weNickel ephezulu kwizikrelem ezinama-600 uvumela ukuba bagcine ukumelana nemeko yokunciphisa imeko. Umxholo we-nickel kwi-Bolts ezingama-600 zenza ukuba i-fasttener enganyangekiyo ukuba ikhunjulwe ziintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo nezinopolitiko. Umzekelo, i-interts ezingama-600 zichasene nokuchasana ngokugqwesileyo kwi-chloride yoxinzelelo olunxulumene noxinzelelo, ngelixa ubonakalisa ukumelana ngokugqwesileyo kwizisombululo ze-alkaline.

Ukuze udlulisele umbhobho, kuyimfuneko ukususa i-hose ethe tye ngombhobho. Xa usebenzisa imibhobho eyahlukeneyo, kufuneka isetyenziswe ngemibhobho eyahlukeneyo. Xa kusetyenziswa umbhobho, i-elbow kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukutshintsha ubungakanani bombhobho. Xa ukubhabha, umbhobho weendlela ezintathu kusetyenziswa xa i-pipeling eyahlukeneyo ye-pipeling kunye nokwanda kokuhamba kwexesha elide kunye nokwandiswa komgangatho obandayo kunye nolwandiso olubi kakhulu kunye nolwandiso olubandayo olusetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana nombhobho. , Ekuqhagamsheleni nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, kukho i-quadriday kunye neeplagi zesigaba sesixhobo.