I-ASTM A182 F5 F9 F9 F91 Al11 F11
Iiflevu ze-pile ze-pile zinokwenziwa kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye namabakala abonakalayo. I-carbon yensimbi sisisombululo esithandwayo, njengezicimani ezingathandekiyo kunye ne-alloys ekhethekileyo, kuxhomekeka kwishishini. Iphepha kunye nefomati lixhaphakile, kwaye i-titanium kunye ne-aluminium zilungele imisebenzi elula.
I-ASTM A193 IBakala B7 igubungela iimfuno zezinto eziphezulu ze-alloy aflings zeqondo lobushushu obuphezulu okanye inkonzo ephezulu yoxinzelelo kunye nezinye izicelo ezizodwa. Luhlobo olusemgangathweni oluchaza ubume obuqhelekileyo bekhemi, iipropathi zoomatshini, iimfuno zobunzima, unyango olukhethiweyo, ukumakisha imveliso, kunye nezinye iimfuno zokunxibelelana I-ASTM A193 ichaza i-si (metric) kunye neeyunithi ze-intshi.