I-nickel alloy monel ye-400 yombhobho

I-Nickel Alo Alloty engama-400 kunye nemoni engama-400, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-N04400, yi-gucy ye-huckile-olwe-olwe-of thecker-esekwe kwi-nicker-thewores. I-Nickel Alo Allo of 400 yaziwa ngokuba yixhathiso lwayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-Alkalis (okanye i-AIDS), amanzi ityuwa, i-SULDFUORIC Acid, kunye ne-sulfuoric acid. Ukususela kwimowango engama-400 okanye i-Alod 400 yintsimbi ebibandayo esetyenzisiweyo, eli alloy linobuqili obukhulu, ukuqina kunye namandla. Ngokubanda ukusebenza kwe-ASTM B164 I-N04400 i-Bar ye-N04400, i-alloy iphantsi kwamanqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo loomatshini, onokuthi ubangela utshintsho kulwakhiwo luka-Abrey.

Umxholo wekhabhoni we-254smo uphantsi kakhulu, okuthetha ukuba kukho ingozi encinci kakhulu ye-carbide yomhlaba obangelwa kukufudumeza. Ingaphumelela i-Strasing Countranion Corrosion yovavanyo (i-Strauss yovavanyo lwe-Asstma262 i-odolo e) nasemva kweyure enye yemvakalelo kwi-600-1000¡cãc. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ye-allous yentsimbi ephezulu.

A789 ASTR3803 kwaye angabi-S32205 ngamabakala amabini e-upplex engasetyenziswanga ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso. Ezi pumplex ze-duplex s31803 zaziwa ngokuchasene nokunganyangekala kwabo okuhle, amandla aphezulu, kunye nokwanela kakuhle. I-A789 yinkcazo egubungela iityhubhu ezingenamthungo nezinebhulethi ezenziwe ngentsimbi engenasibala.

I-304 intsimbi engenasimo yi-carbon ephantsi (i-0.08% enkulu) ye-182, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-302. Uhlobo lwe-302 liqulethe i-18% chkel.

Kuyakwazi ukumelana nodidi olubanzi lweekhemikhali ze-oxiding kunye nokungabi nakuphathelele ukuchasana nokuchasana nokuhlaselwa kunye nokuhlaselwa kwe-ravice phambi kobukho be-chloride kunye nezinye iindlela zokuhamba.

Abakhenkethi abangama-718 sisixhobo esiphambili sezixhobo zekhompyuter phantse kuyo yonke indawo, nokuba zizinto zekhaya, oomatshini, iimoto, izakhiwo ezifuna ukuba zidityaniswe, ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kuba nako ukubamba kunye.

Ngezicelo zayo ze-minarial, iinkqubo zenkqubo zihlala zilandela izixhobo ezinokuthenjwa. I-Duipplex i-Stailing yentsimbi ixhaswe ngokubanzi ngabaphathi bezityalo kunye neengcali zolondolozo ezixabisa ubunzima kunye nokukwazi kwabo ukumelana nolwelo.

I-UNOLD 600 Ibar ye-UNCEL ye-nickel-esekwe kwi-begn ye-Bign ye-Bicen kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-corosion egqwesileyo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Imivalo ye-UNIRD engama-600 isebenza ngokuchasene nokomile CL2 kunye nezinye iigesi ezininzi ezahlukileyo kubushushu obuthambileyo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. I-Allod 600 Bar ibar-chromium ye-neckel-chromium ye-Allomium-i-Allomion elungileyo kunye nokuxhathisa kwi-chloride yoxinzelelo lwe-chloride, i-ocid yosulelo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

Izinto eziphambili kuma-304 yi-chromium ne-nickel, enika ukumelana nokunganyangeki. Inomchasi wobukumkani obulungileyo, yi-ductile kunye ne-ductile, kwaye inesifo esihle. Isakhiwo se-Austitic sivumela umzobo onzulu ngaphandle kokuthintelwa.

I-UNOLL 718 yi-Nickel-Chromium-esekwe rhoqo kusetyenziswa izicelo zeqondo lobushushu ezinje nge-aerospace kunye neeturbines zegesi. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-ASTM B670 Iphepha le-718 yinkqubo yokuqengqeleka kweplate. Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili zeepleyiti ze-Indel ze-Polnel 718 ezikhoyo kwintengiso: ishushu eshushu kwaye ibanda ipleyiti.

I-Dotelloy C2000 ifumaneka kubungakanani beempawu kunye nobungqingili, olu hlobo lwe-nickel-chromium-molybdenum ludume ngamandla alo oluphangaleleyo kunye nokungaxhathisi.

I-al6xn yintsimbi ye-suprausitic ye-scainess engaqhelekanga ngokuchasene ne-chloride pide, i-crevice yosulelo kunye noxinzelelo lokungasebenzi. I-al6xn yi-6 ye-for moray eyaphuhliswa kwaye isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinomsindo. Ine-nickel ephezulu (i-24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), iziqulatho ze-nitrogen kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chiromium kunye ne-chloride publity, kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-chloride. I-al6xn isetyenziselwa ngokuyintloko iphuculwe i-wirvice yokungakhathali kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-cravice kwi-chlolor. Yintsimbi engenasimo sengqondo esisebenzayo neliyisinga.

An NT08367 kwakhona kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-alloy al6xn yikharbon ephantsi, ukucoceka okuphezulu, i-nitrogen-i-itrogen-molybdenum ye-pirden ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride inkcitho kunye ne-cravice incade.
I-ASTM B407 Ayisi-N08800 I-Intloy 800 Aged Pied Riper

I-Dotelloy C2000 Iityhubhu zisetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini kubandakanya ukuqhubekeka, izixhobo zokuqhubela kwemichiza, i-oyile kunye nezityalo zamandla.

I-Alloy 800 yi-nickel-chromium ye-chromium-chromium enamandla aphezulu kunye nokuxhathisa ngokugcoba kwi-oxidotion kunye ne-comrosion kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. I-ASTM B407 AN08800 I-Acloy 800 W. NR. I-1.4876 ye-Welding isetyenziselwa ngokubanzi ukwakhiwa kwezixhobo ezifuna ukumelana nobushushu, ukumelana nobushushu, amandla, kunye nokuzinza kwenkonzo ukuya kwi-1500 ° F (816 ° C).

I-titanium idume ngamandla ayo, inzuzo esezantsi xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi kunye nokunganyangeki. Iimpawu zenza ukhetho oludumileyo kuluhlu lwamashishini.

I-Presemas 36 ® yi-nickel-iron, isabelo esisezantsi esine-36% uNickel, uGeser 36 unelungelo lobushushu baseSrygenic ukuya malunga ne + 500 ° F (i-260 ° C).

Stainless Steel 321 \/ 321H Pipe Fittings are used in filtration, refrigeration, oil, gas, petrochemical and in offshore oil drilling industries. Izinto ezine-chromium, i-nininium kunye nezinye izinto kunye nekhabhoni. I-321h inekhabhoni ephezulu kunenye yeenguqulelo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo ezifana ne-321 \ / 321h engaqhelekanga yentsimbi yentsimbi eqhele ukusetyenziswa kodwa kukho nezixhobo ezingenamthungo. Intsimbi engenasithulo i-S32100 i-S32100 i-Elbow luhlobo olufanelekileyo olusetyenziswa kusetyenziso lweqondo lobushushu obuphezulu lokutshintsha indlela yokuhamba.

Imivalo yentsimbi kunye neentonga
I-Carbon Steel Flenges
Imoda 400 kunye ne-K500 i-K500 ibonisa ukumelana nokunyanzelwa kokunyanzelwa kwezicelo zaselwandle kwaye ixhathise i-sulrosion efanelekileyo kwi-sulfuric kunye ne-hydrochloric acids phantsi kweemeko zokunciphisa imeko.
Iipleyiti zensimbi kunye namashiti kunye neekopi

Nangona kunjalo, i-titanium inokuphulukana namandla ayo kumaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwe-430?

Nangona i-310 ilungele ukusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphezulu, akufuneki ukuba ibonakale kwi-themes ye-thermal ephindaphindiweyo ye-widd okanye apho ikhoyo inqaba ekhulayo.

304, 303h kunye ne-304L zonke zinemixholo efanayo yeChromium kunye ne-nickel kwaye ke zinokunganyangeki okufanayo, ukukhulula ukwenziwa kunye nokwanela.

Esona sabelo sensimbi singasebenziyo yi-2205. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiDulplex 2205 okanye i-Derpex 2205. Ine-duppex 2205. Ine-duppex 2205. Ine-duppex kunye ne-Austeritic, esenza ukuba ilungele imeko yokunganyangeki. Amandla amahle yimfuneko ephambili. I-Deplex 2205 Ii-Studs zisisiseko nje sentonga eyenziwe ngentambo, kwezinye iimeko, zonke ziyilelwe ukwamkela amantongomane, ezinjalo ii-Studs zibizwa ngokuba ziibhotile. Inomchasi ogqwesileyo kwaye iphezulu kakhulu kunentsimbi engenasibala 316 kwiindawo ezininzi.

I-S31008 yethu i-S31008 ye-SS ye-WAS ye-WOLD ye-WOLD isebenza ngokwesiko kwizityalo zenkqubo. I-SS yethu engama-310 i-Slevitic i-18-8 austetitic ifleness yentsimbi, kunye nokudityaniswa kwabo i-chromium-nickel-i-Nvukel ye-chromium-i-Nickel.

I-A240 yohlobo lwe-A240 ye-2205 ipleyiti ipleyiti yentsimbi engenasitali esetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo anjengokuqhubela phambili kwemichiza, ioyile kunye negesi. Iphepha le-SA 240 Gr 2205 yenziwe kwiBanga lama-2205 lentsimbi engenasibala, elindibaniselwano yentsimbi ye-ferric kunye ne-austentitic.

I-Intloy 825 yi-NCECEl Chromium ye-chromium enongezwa kwe-molybdenum, yobhedu kunye neTitanium. Le nto yokwenziwa kweekhemikhali ze-Alkel ye-Alkel ye-Alkey yenzelwe ukumelana nokungaxhathisi ngeendlela ezininzi

I-ASTM A312 i-T316 ye-S3 yemizi-mveliso yeSoftway ye-S31600 smls smls pipe
I-SCH40 ye-SCH40 ye-SCHE4000 ichongwe njengenombolo ye-Werkstof 2.4360 kwaye ingabi-nye N04400. I-Allow Gipe eyaziwa ngokuba yimodeli ye-nol-500, imodeli engama-400 yemodeli kunye ne-nickel alloy 400.
I-staiel yentsimbi ye-tube ye-welding ye-weldam

I-316l 1.4401 S31601 i-Stainess yentsimbi yindlela yokhetho lombhobho kunye nomoya oqinileyo oqhelekileyo oqhele ukusetyenziswa kwoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezivela kwimizi-mveliso nezorhwebo. Le phuli ye-SS3603 yenziwe kumgangatho ophezulu we-316l yentsimbi enyaweni ngokuchasene ne-oxidation kunye ne-staining yendawo enobunzima okanye iZicelo eziPhakamileyo.

I-Alloty 800 yeNtloko ye-Woody
Imibhobho yentsimbi engama-316 iye yaba zizixhobo ezinokubonakala kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso. Olu lwabiwo lwesinyithi kunye ne-chrome ibonwa ngokunyangeka kwayo phezulu ekucocekeni, kunye nokuqina kwayo. I-316 ityhubhu yentsimbi engenasitali inokuveliswa kuzo zombini iityhubhu ezingenamthungo kunye ne-weldied ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zabathengi.

Iityhubhu zensimbi zidityaniswe kumlimi kwaye zisike kubude obufunekayo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke kule nkqubo ilandelayo. Ukucoca kweli nqanaba kuyanceda ukususa ubumdaka kwimibhobho, kwaye emva koko waphathwa ngobushushu, imibhobho eqengqelekayo kunye neetyhubhu zihluthwe ngalo naluphi na uxinzelelo olunokuza kwinkqubo ye-welding kunye nenkqubo yokwenziwa.

I-Nin Alloy 36, W.nr 1.3912, ugqirha we-36 ® yi-nickel-intsimbi enolwandiso olune-36% ye-nickel, i-chacelin enolwandiso olunama-36% kwaye inesitayile se-therble yentsimbi.

Olunye uphawu olubalulekileyo lwemogaqo engama-400 I-Hlonge ixhathisa i-haldes okanye i-halogn enezisombululo.

I-Dupex 2205 yeyona duppex esetyenziswe ngokubanzi Isetyenziswa ngenxa yokunganyangeki kweyonakalisa inkqubela phambili kunye namandla aphezulu.

Ihlazo elingaxutywanga liqulunqelwe ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo nezizimeleyo nangona zidityanisiwe; Iflethi, iigesi, kunye nokutyibilika; ezihlanganisene kwenye impembelelo, efanelekileyo. Ulawulo olukhethekileyo luyafuneka ekukhetheni nasekusebenziseni zonke izinto ezikhoyo zokufumana udibaniso, oluqinileyo lokuqina.

Ekuqaleni iphuhlisiwe ukulwa i-loubion yolwandle iRosion, iAl6xn yandise indima yayo njengendawo elungileyo yokunganyangeki. I-al6xn screw yikhabhoni ephantsi, ukucoceka okuphakamileyo, i-nitrogen ene "Super Austetitic" i-allous yentsimbi engenasitayile. I-Al 6xn i-rods ineentambo ze-Austetitic Austetitic al 6xn i-Austentitic, eyenziwe kwi-allobon ene-carbon yekhabhoni ye-chromium, i-NECKEL yaseMolybdenum. I-al 6xn ye-rooreed rod ayichasanga kwi-chloride yoxinzelelo.

Intsimbi engenasitali 316 libanga le-Austentitic lenzelwe nge-nickel entle kunye neChromium. Eli nqanaba linexabiso elincinci lesilicon, eliphucula ukumelana kwe-oxidon yemodyuli. Ngapha koko, intsimbi engenanto 1.4401 ihlala isetyenziswa kwimithombo yenkqubo equkethe izidlo zayo ezifana ne-chloride ngenxa yokumelana nokuchasana noko. Ukongezwa kwe-molybdenum ukuya kwi-stainess yentsimbi engama-316 ayikhange iphucule nje ukumelana ne-chloride pide inkcitho kodwa ikwasuswa ngokubanzi.

I-Intloy 800H Fonger Sinombala oqinileyo weshishini ngokuvelisa ukuqaqamba okusemgangathweni weentlobo ezahlukeneyo eziza kulungela iimfuno zabaxumi bethu. Senza i-flaves engathandekiyo engama-800 enokuthenjwa kwaye iphezulu kumgangatho. Sisebenzisa izixhobo zeprimiyamu kunye noomatshini abaphambili bokuvelisa i-ASTM B564 AN08800 I-Acloy 800 Fufxees.

Ukuxinana kukaTitanium malunga ne-60% ye-Affel engenasitali kunye ne-neckel alloy, obu boyili bobunzima buyenza ukuba ifundwe kwizicelo ezizeleyo njengee-aerospace.

321 Intsimbi engenasibala, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-S32100 kunye neBanga lama-321, ngokuyintloko liquka i-17% ukuya kwi-19% ye-phosfune, i-phosfur, i-phosfur, i-5% ye-bitfur, i-titanium, kunye ne-iron. Ngokuphathelele ukumelana nokunganyangeki, intsimbi engama-321 i-stain ilingana neBanga lama-304 kwi-ANCE elenzelwe kwaye liphezulu ukuba isicelo sibandakanya inkonzo nge-787 ye-¡ukuya ku-1652 Intsimbi engama-321 idibanisa amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokuzinza kwenqanaba kunye nokunganyangekala kokunganyangeki kulwaphulo-mthetho olulandelayo.
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I-Stainess Steel 316 Ikona yombhobho
I-Indel 825 i-tubes tubes N08825 2.4858 i-smls ye-welld yensimbi
I-Stainess Shonges
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded
I-A240 yohlobo lwe-A240 ye-2205 yeplate
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.41

I-304 intsimbi engenasimo yi-carbon ephantsi (i-0.08% ye-Max) eyaziwa ngokuba yi-302.

Intsimbi engenasimo yi-alloy yentsimbi ene-10.5% ye-chromium ye-10.5%. Ukwabelana ngezinto ezinjengeNickel, i-molybdenum, i-titanium, ikharbon, initrogen, kunye nobhedu, kunye nezinye iipropathi ezingenasinyithi. Izabelo ezahlukeneyo zinika amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okumelana nokungakhathali.

I-Las Tubelias y Tubos Hechos de i-Veaciones y metales tieren tierentes, i-feegendo delto. U-De Astses Tuberias e Lali Aucero Thewoxicine Austenitico cerlense i-las picadlia i-las

I-Flange ikwisibini uninzi lwendlela ekujoyine ngayo emva kokudalwa. Iiflene zisetyenziswa xa amalungu afuna ukugculelwa. Inika ukutshintsha kwesondlo. Iflethi inxibelelanisa umbhobho kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo nakwiivalve. Iiflethi zoqhawulo-mtshato zongezwa kwinkqubo ye-piholit ukuba igcinwe rhoqo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesityalo.

Isabelo-lelaza-e-Iron-Counckel-Cobarty-Cobart, Yiba ne-Navar Alflic, ube nolwandiso lolwandiso lwe-thermar of thermar olinganayo neglasi yeglasi

I-S32100 ye-S32100 inciphisa i-tee inciphisa i-tee ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukusebenza kuxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu bebushushu obuphezulu.

Iiflethi zentsimbi ezingama-304 ziyindlela yokudibanisa imibhobho, i-valves, iimpompo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokwenza inkqubo yokufaka. Ikwasebenza nokucoca, ukuhlola okanye ukulungiswa. Iiflethi zentsimbi ezingama-304 zenziwe kwi-18 \ / 8 chrome-nickel austelitic stainess yentsimbi esetyenziswayo kwizicelo zensimbi engenasitayile.

Izixhobo zentsimbi engenasitayile i-a312 i-A3104, T30l, T318l, T31, T31, T318l, No8367, No8904

I-Nickel 200 flanges i-Nickel Fuffes ezingama-200 iqine, izinzile, kwaye inesigqibo esihle. Ngaphezu koko, i-ASTM B564 i-N064 i-H02200 iflethi inganyangeki ukuba iyoliswa kwiindawo ezingathathi hlangothi, ezenza bagqibelele ukuze basebenzise izixhobo zokuphatha ukutya.

I-ASTM A312 i-T36 yi-T316 luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokufumana i-lamy, ethe tye-selded, kwaye ebandayo kakhulu e-Austeditic Stainess Stainess esetyenziswe kwiqondo lokuhlala eliphezulu kunye neenkonzo ngokubanzi zoncedo. Umbhobho wentsimbi wama-316 ongenamizi-mveliso yenziwa kwindibaniselwano ye-chromium, i-nickel, nase molybdenum, enika i-SS 316 ityhubhu ityhubhu inyangeka kakhulu ekucocekeni nasekucoceni.

I-Nickel esekwe kwi-800 ye-hexagonal yombhobho owaziwayo ukuba uxhathise kakuhle ukungangqinelani. Ngokukhethekileyo ukuthetha, umbhobho we-play 800 unika ukumelana ngokwaneleyo ngokuchasene ne-carbring kunye ne-corosion ye-oxivide.

I-304 i-prools ye-piiding yenziwa ngentsimbi engama-304 yentsimbi, into eqhelekileyo neyaziwayo kwizicelo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso efuna ukumelana nokungavisisani kunye ne-oxidation. Ezi zi-S30400 ze-piiding prools zisebenzisa oomatshini okhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo, eziqinisekisa ukuba zichanekile kwaye zinokuthenjwa.

I-UNOLL 625 COIC ibonakaliswa kukungaxhathisi ngokugqwesileyo kwi-oxidation, kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kunye nokudinwa. I-ASTM B443 ipleyiti ye-N06625 isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-Aerospace, ukuqhubekiswa kweekhemikhali kunye nemizi-mveliso yeoyile kunye negesi ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, ukuqina kunye nokuqinana nakwimeko ezigqithisileyo.

I-Alloty 800 Intamo ye-Wool Shounges Sinodumo olunamandla sinemveliso yokuvelisa ukuqaqamba okusemgangathweni weentlobo ezahlukeneyo eziya kuhambelana neemfuno zabaxumi bethu. Senza i-flaves engathandekiyo engama-800 enokuthenjwa kwaye iphezulu kumgangatho. Sisebenzisa izixhobo zeprimiyamu kunye noomatshini abaphambili bokuvelisa i-ASTM B564 AN08800 I-Acloy 800 Fufxees.

Into ebalwayo eyenza intsimbi ¡¡® i-®rial¡¯ yiChromium; Nangona kunjalo kukudityaniswa kwe-nickel eyenza intsimbi engenasitayile ibe yisabelo esixhaphakileyo.

Intsimbi engenasitayile i-A403 wpp304 \ / 304l iqulethe i-chromium ephezulu kunye ne-carbon ephantsi.

I-chromium ephezulu, i-molybdenum kunye ne-nitrogen yeziphumo zokuchasana ne-pittiverance inombolo elinganayo (i-PREN) ye-40, ibonelela ngeqondo leendaba elingaphezulu kunye ne-durevice yokungaziphathi kakuhle kunye ne-durexice yokungaziphathi kakuhle, kwaye inobushushu obuqiqileyo ngaphezulu kwe-50¡c.

I-flange yi-rollge efihliweyo, imilebe okanye irayisi, nokuba ingaphandle okanye ingaphandle, isebenza ukonyusa amandla (njengeflethi ye-Iron okanye i-T-MAAM); Ukuncamathela ngokulula \ / ukudluliselwa kwendlela yoqhakamshelwano kunye nenye into (njenge-flange ekupheleni kombhobho, isilinda se-Steam, njl njl. okanye ukuzinzisa nokukhokela iintshukumo zoomatshini okanye iinxalenye zayo (njenge-flange yangaphakathi yemoto kaloliwe okanye ivili le-tram, eligcina amavili ukuba abaleke khona amavili). Ibinzana elithi "iFlanger" likwasetyenziselwa uhlobo lwesixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukwenza iiflene.

Malunga ne-304 30H ye-304h, umbhobho wentsimbi engenanto yeyona mveliso iphosakele kwaye inenkxaso yesakhiwo ngenxa yokuqalisa kwalo. Olu hlobo lwebakala luyalelwa ikakhulu ngabathengi. Inamandla okuthelekisa, uyilo olungenamthungo kunye nobisi olungenangqondo. Intsimbi engenasimo ineepropathi ezininzi eziyingenelo ezinjengokunganyangeki, ukunganyangeki, amandla aphezulu, njl.njl.

I-ASTM A213 T304, T304l, T316l, T31, T31, T3114, T3110, T3102, No8904

I-Nickel-calper-esekwe kwimodeli engama-400 ye-400 ye-2.4360 ukubanda irhabaxa ingenalo i-chloride enxulumene nokubhloka kwe-chlorive yoxinzelelo xa ityhilwe kwimithombo yoxinzelelo. Imoral 400 i-copper kunye ne-nickel ye-nealy esule namhlanje ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo ephezulu. I-alloy ine-acid egqwesileyo kunye ne-alkali. Ukongeza, inamandla amanye amanye amanxuwa, ukuqhutywa kwengqondo okuphezulu, kwaye kunokuba nzima ngumsebenzi obandayo. Ukongeza, inokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezinamaqondo obushushu asusela kwi-thamo ukuya kwi-538 degrees Celsius.

Ukuze udlulisele umbhobho, kuyimfuneko ukususa i-hose ethe tye ngombhobho. Xa usebenzisa imibhobho eyahlukeneyo, kufuneka isetyenziswe ngemibhobho eyahlukeneyo. Xa kusetyenziswa umbhobho, i-elbow kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukutshintsha ubungakanani bombhobho. Xa ukubhabha, umbhobho weendlela ezintathu kusetyenziswa xa i-pipeling eyahlukeneyo ye-pipeling kunye nokwanda kokuhamba kwexesha elide kunye nokwandiswa komgangatho obandayo kunye nolwandiso olubi kakhulu kunye nolwandiso olubandayo olusetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana nombhobho. , Ekuqhagamsheleni nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, kukho i-quadriday kunye neeplagi zesigaba sesixhobo.