I-304l yombhobho

Kuba umbhobho wentsimbi engenasitali angama-304 yi-alloy eneminyaka eyi-18 ukuya kwi-20% ye-chromium, indlela yentsimbi yenza ukuba iphilise, idluliselwe kwi-ox
Chwetheza "umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Ubungakanani "OD: 1 \ / 2" "~ 48" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" ""
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi

I-304 \ / 304L intsimbi engenasitali inomchasi oqinisekileyo wokunganyangeki xa uxinizelelo lwendawo yokubila i-nitric acid ingaphantsi okanye ilingana nama-65%. Isisombululo se-alkaline kunye ne-organic kwaye i-Inorganic Acids ikwanenteko entle. Intsimbi ephezulu eyazisiweyo enokuxhathisa i-comrosion yomoya okanye ngemichiza yobuthathaka, intsimbi engenamkhenkce inomphezulu wensimbi, kwaye ayinyanzelekanga ukuba ibe yintsimbi engenalo intsimbi engasebenziyo. Imele iipropathi zesabelo eziphakamileyo ezifana ne-13 ye-chrome yentsimbi kunye ne-18-8 Chrome Nutel Steel.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.36

I-304 \ / 304l intsimbi engenasitali ineepropathi ezintle kwaye ishushu, kwaye inokusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kunye nokusebenza ukuvelisa iimveliso ezibandayo nezishushu ukuvelisa iimveliso ezibambeleyo ezinjengokuthi njengeemveliso ezixekweni, iiplate, imitya kunye neepleyili. Uluhlu lobushushu obushushu bokusebenza bungama-900-1180 ¡¡i-æ. Ukusebenza kubanda kulula kwaye kungabi nzima kakhulu, kuba ezi ziqwenga zibini kulula ukubanda, kwaye xa isiphene esibandayo sikhulu kakhulu, i-intection ephakathi iyafuneka ukuqhubela phambili.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.24

I-304 \ / 304L intsimbi engenasitali inomchasi oqinisekileyo wokunganyangeki xa uxinizelelo lwendawo yokubila i-nitric acid ingaphantsi okanye ilingana nama-65%. Isisombululo se-alkaline kunye ne-organic kwaye i-Inorganic Acids ikwanenteko entle. Intsimbi ephezulu eyazisiweyo enokuxhathisa i-comrosion yomoya okanye ngemichiza yobuthathaka, intsimbi engenamkhenkce inomphezulu wensimbi, kwaye ayinyanzelekanga ukuba ibe yintsimbi engenalo intsimbi engasebenziyo. Imele iipropathi zesabelo eziphakamileyo ezifana ne-13 ye-chrome yentsimbi kunye ne-18-8 Chrome Nutel Steel.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.36

I-304 \ / 304l intsimbi engenasitali ineepropathi ezintle kwaye ishushu, kwaye inokusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza kunye nokusebenza ukuvelisa iimveliso ezibandayo nezishushu ukuvelisa iimveliso ezibambeleyo ezinjengokuthi njengeemveliso ezixekweni, iiplate, imitya kunye neepleyili. Uluhlu lobushushu obushushu bokusebenza bungama-900-1180 ¡¡i-æ. Ukusebenza kubanda kulula kwaye kungabi nzima kakhulu, kuba ezi ziqwenga zibini kulula ukubanda, kwaye xa isiphene esibandayo sikhulu kakhulu, i-intection ephakathi iyafuneka ukuqhubela phambili.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.24

I-304 \ / 304L intsimbi engenasitali, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-18 \ / 8 intsimbi engenasitali, idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-302, yeyona nsimbi ixhaphakileyo. I-304 intsimbi engenasimo iqulethe i-chromium ephezulu kunye nomxholo wekhabhoni esezantsi kunabanye abantu abahlukileyo bohlobo 302.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ye-alloy kunye neekhiliki

I-304 \ / 304L inokusetyenziswa kwimo "ethengisiweyo", ngelixa i-302 kufuneka idityaniswe. I-Aisi 304 isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zasekhaya neziziimveliso. I-304l yinguqulelo ye-carbon esezantsi ye-304 yentsimbi kwaye inokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinokubakho ezifana nezixhobo zamanzi etyiwa kunye neziqulatho zekhemikhali.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.28

I-tube yentsimbi engenasimo i-304 inika indibaniselwano egqibeleleyo yamandla kunye nokunganyangeki kweemeko ezininzi kwiimeko ezininzi ngaphandle kwemeko zaselwandle. Ukuba iprojekthi yakho ikwindawo yaselwandle, khetha intsimbi engama-316 yentsimbi.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.29

Zombini ezingama-304 kwaye i-304l inokusetyenziswa kwimeko ye-weldal endaweni yemeko efungiweyo kwaye igcina ukunganyangeki kwe-corosion kwiindidi ezininzi zexabiso. La mabakala axhaphake kakhulu kwaye ahlala esetyenziswa kumzi-mveliso wokutya.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.30

Ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwexabiso elihle kakhulu kunye nexabiso, i-304 umbhobho wentsimbi engenanto ngolona hlobo lusetyenziswayo lombhobho osetyenziswayo emhlabeni. I-Stailing yentsimbi 304 I-Pippy inokumelana ne-colososion evela kwi-axid enkulu i-acid. Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, i-304 kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ilungele ikhitshi kunye nezicelo zokutya.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.31

Chwetheza i-304l yohlobo lwe-304 ngomxholo wekhabhoni ephantsi ukuphucula i-Herest kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wokuncitshiswa kwe-slosion. Amandla okuvelisa kunye namandla obunxuwa obuchwechwe nge-304l bancitshisiwe kancinci xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lwe-304.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.32

I-ASTM A269 \ / A213 SA213 SA213 SA213 I-carbides, esenza le mali ikhuseleke kwiintsebenzi zoKwakha zeDolded kwaye zimiselwe kwi-800¡.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.33

I-304 \ / 304L ayingeyontathu kwi-agnetic kwimeko eneenkcukacha kwaye ayinakulukhuni ngonyango lobushushu. Ubunzima kunye namandla amanxuwa_ inokonyuswa ngokusebenza kubanda, enokukhokelela kwiipropathi ezincinci. I-304 \ / 304L ihambelana ne-304 ne-304l inkcazo yentsimbi engenasitali kwaye itshintshiwe kwaye ikhuselekile ukuba isetyenziswe kulo naliphi na inqanaba lesicelo.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.34

I-304 \ / 304L intsimbi engenasitali ifumaneka ngomjikelo, isikwere, i-angle engxamisekileyo, ejikelezayo kunye nombhobho we-weldiur weldiund kunye nombhobho wesicwangciso. Okwekhitshini kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-304 \ / 304l ityhubhu yentsimbi yentsimbi, i-chinality ilinganiswa njenge-45% ye-B1112. I-avareji yokusika i-75 ft \ / min. I-weldided ngokulula yiyo yonke iinkqubo zorhwebo ngaphandle kokufumana i-welgeng okanye i-hammer welding.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.35

I-ASTM A312 \ / A312m, ukucaciswa komgangatho wokufumana i-wangdimass, i-weldied, kunye nentsimbi engenasitayile esebenzayo, igubungela intsimbi engenasitali, kwaye iyenza ukhetho lweentlobo ze-welditic kunye nezingenamthungo.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.20

I-304 yeyona nto ithandwayo yentsimbi engenasitali emhlabeni kwaye igcina iipropathi zayo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Iqhelekile isetyenziswa kwi-aerospace, ukutya kunye neshishini lokutyumza, iinqanawa zoxinzelelo, uyilo loyilo kunye nokuhonjiswa, izixhobo ze-Crygenic kunye nezixhobo zokuqhubekisa iikhemikhali.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.21

I-304 \ / 304l i-staine engenasitayile yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu zensimbi. Inomxholo wekhabhoni ophantsi kunye neChromium ephezulu kunye nomxholo we-nickel. Kulula ukuzoba kunye nefom, kwaye ubonise amandla amnandi kunye nokunganyangeki kweyona nto ibalulekileyo, kubandakanya ukukhuselwa ngokulinganayo kwi-ilding.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.36

Iindidi 304 \ / 304L zisiseko "18-8 chrome-chrome-i-chrome-i-chrome-i-chrome-nickel ye-chrome-nickel. Idibanisa iipropathi ezibalaseleyo ze-chrome. Idibanisa iipropathi ezibalaseleyo ze-chrome. Idibanisa iipropathi ezingacacanga zidibene neearhente ezibonakalayo kwiiarhente ezininzi zemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezamashishini.

Intsimbi engama-304 ingenalo yinxalenye yosapho lwentsimbi ye-Austetitic. Enye yezinto ezingalunganga kwizitithi ze-austentitic zeyokuba azinakukhumbula unyango lobushushu. Ukongeza koku, abangama-304 yinqanaba elingenasiseko elingenakuphikiswa elinokutsalwa kwaye lenziwe ngokulula. Ubunzima kunye namandla bunokonyuswa ngokusebenza kubanda. Uhlobo oluhle kwiNened State. Ukongeza, i-304l ibonakalisa ukunganyangeki kokungakhathali okugqwesileyo ngenxa yokuqulunqwa kwecarquen.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.22

Kwisitayile sentsimbi engenasitali, i-304 \ / 304L intsimbi engenasitali ehambelana ne-A240, ukuba i-Staiper yentsimbi ilingane, nangona i-Scals ilingane nentsimbi efana ne-304 ne-321 engaqhelekanga.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.23

Intsimbi engama-304 i-stain iluphawu lweyona nto isetyenziswayo isetyenziswa kakhulu okanye yayiyimveliso yentsimbi engaqhelekanga. 304, 304L inokuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yama-300 eerives (njengoko kuchaziwe kwiimfuno ze-SAE) Ukulungisa uluhlu lwe-austiium ye-chromitic-nikel alloys. Babizwa ngokuba yi-18 \ / 8 izithambiso ze-stails kuba ukwakhiwa kwazo kubandakanya malunga ne-18% ye-chromium kunye ne-8% i-nickel ngokobunzima.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.24

I-wels ifunyenwe nge-304 \ / 304l inekratshi elifanelekileyo kunye nexesha. I-Anneng emva kokuba ikhutshwe kuyo iyacetyiswa ukuba ihlale ixhaphake kakhulu. I-304 \ / 304L inokutsalwa phakathi kwe-2100¡-2350¡ F.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.25

I-304 \ / 304L ayinakulukhuni ngonyango lobushushu. Ukubanda ukusebenza ukusebenza kwamandla e-thensile kunye nobunzima. Uluhlu lolonwabo luphakathi kwe-1850¡Ā kunye ne-2050¡in. Kupholile ngokukhawuleza. Amanzi kufuneka asetyenziselwe iindawo ezinzima; umoya ngamalungu alula. Uluhlu loncedo loxinzelelo luphakathi kwe-400¡ kunye ne-750¡in.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
Ityhubhu yethumba
Umbhobho we-weldied
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
Wabona i-lsaw Efw Efw
ukutya i-304l yentsimbi yentsimbi
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
I-304l 400mm ye-stainess yentsimbi
I-PREGETE I-PROFIICS ishushu \ / Umsebenzi oshushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.26

Umxholo wekhabhoni we-304l (ungachasi-30403) unqunyelwe kwi-0.03% yokuthintela imvakalelo ngexesha le-welding.

I-304,304l i-Steels kulula ukuyiseka, i-weld kunye nokuchaswa kwayo kubandakanya i-AIDS ehlala ifumaneka ekutyeni, ukuze isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwishishini lokutya kunye nokusikwa kwesiselo.

I-staine yentsimbi yentsimbi i-304l yesona selili sisebenziseka kakhulu. Kukwabizwa ngokuba "yi-18 \ / 8" Intsimbi engenasibala kuba ukwakhiwa kwayo kubandakanya i-18% ye-chromium kunye ne-8% iNickel. Chwetheza intsimbi engama-304 intsimbi engenanto inesimo esihle sokungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nokuqhekeka kunye nokunganyangeki okuqinileyo kunye namandla.