Kutsutsa kwakukulu ndi kulolera kwa Inlevel 625 elbow apatse katswiriyu kusankha kwabwino kwa machubu, kupukusa, ndi zida zabzala zomwe zimafunikira kuwotcheza.

SS 316 Masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha mapaipi. Amapezeka mu mawonekedwe, kukula ndi miyeso. Zomwe zili m'mipasi izi ndizotsika kuposa 301 ndi 304 madegi. Chifukwa chake, mapangidwe achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri amanenedwa kuti ndi chisankho choyenera.
Pakadali pano, ma duplex awa achitsulo S32205 Cross chitoliro chimapezekanso kwa makasitomala athu osiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Duplex Steel S31803 Bent Buttle Stread chitoliro nthawi zambiri amachita bwino m'maiko omwe amayambitsa asanachitike austetitic. Ngakhale duplex steple splee s32205 yopanda pake yopendekera chitoliro chokhala ndi maxidation ambiri kukana, zitsulo zina zosapanga madigiri 300, Celsius Celsius Celsius Celsius Celsius pafupifupi nthawi yayitali. Ngati mungamizidwa, duplex s31803 malekezero amatha kuwongoleredwa ndi yankho lonse. Duplex S32205 Chuma cha Disc Lid sichinagwiritsidwe ntchito kuposa 300 digiri Celsius.

Zithunzi za alloy zitsulo zowala ndi tsatanetsatane wa chitoliro chomwe chipika chimayikidwa mu chipinda cholumikizidwa, choyenera kapena chowala. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazithunzi zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopukutira zomwe muli ndi theka la NPS kapena zocheperako. Mphamvu zake za kuoneka pakati pa 758-1882 MPA yokwezeka kuposa kulimba kwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

The S31803 (ASTM F51) imathamangitsidwa kwambiri ndi S32205 (1.4462, Astm F60). Izi zikuwonetsa chikhumbo chawo chokulitsa zachilengedwe za Aloy Kuphatikiza apo, zimalola kukopa gawo la nayitrogeni osati kungokhala ngati chinthu choyambira. Therefore, the highest performing duplex grades seek to maximize the content of chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo) and nitrogen (N).

30 Komabe, imagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi solufuric acid. Mphamvu yowonjezereka ya chubu imafunikiranso kupanga zovuta zina.

321 Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti ndi S32100 ndi kalasi 321, makamaka ndi mangunor, 5% a phosphorous ndi sulfure, 5 x (c + n) ndi chitsulo. Ponena za kukana kwa chimbudzi, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kuli kofanana ndi kalasi 304 mu chikhalidwe cha Anner 304 muzovala ndipo ndipamwamba ngati ntchitoyo imaphatikizapo ntchito mu 797¡2 f. 321 Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kuphatikiza mphamvu zapamwamba, kukana kufooka ndi gawo lokhazikika pokana kuwonongera kolowera.

FOSTELOLOY C22, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti C22, ndi austentic nickel-cromium-molybdenum-apmisten kukwiya popewa.

Zovala zathu za SS 310s chitumbuzi zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chochepa cha kaboni chotsika kuti chitha kuwononga chimbudzi, makamaka chiwonongeko chamadzi ndikuwongolera m'magulu a mankhwala ndi ore.

321 Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti ndi S32100 ndi kalasi 321, makamaka ndi mangunor, 5% a phosphorous ndi sulfure, 5 x (c + n) ndi chitsulo. Ponena za kukana kwa chimbudzi, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kuli kofanana ndi kalasi 304 mu chikhalidwe cha Anner 304 muzovala ndipo ndipamwamba ngati ntchitoyo imaphatikizapo ntchito mu 797¡2 f. 321 Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kuphatikiza mphamvu zapamwamba, kukana kufooka ndi gawo lokhazikika pokana kuwonongera kolowera.

Zovala zowala zolumikizira kulumikizana ndi chitoliro kuti ibweretse mpweya, madzi, mpweya wachilengedwe, ndi mafuta mu mapulogalamu ndi chakudya ndi mkaka. DZIKO LAPANSI (BW) Zoyenera kupanga zolumikizira chitoliro ndi mphamvu, kutopa, kupewetsa kutentha, komanso kutsatira kutentha.

Kenako kuyenera kukhala gawo la kachitidwe koyendetsa madzi (mafuta, gasi, nthunzi, macheza, ...) mtunda wautali kapena wautali.

MSS

FOSTELOLOY C22, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti C22, ndi austentic nickel-cromium-molybdenum-apmisten kukwiya popewa.

Zovala zathu za SS 310s chitumbuzi zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chochepa cha kaboni chotsika kuti chitha kuwononga chimbudzi, makamaka chiwonongeko chamadzi ndikuwongolera m'magulu a mankhwala ndi ore.

Gulu la kalasi 310s chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chomwe chili ndi mpweya wotsika, wokhala ndi ma nickel ndi chromium

A403 imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana ngati mitu yagalimoto, makina makina, zomangira komanso chakudya chogwirizira. Timapereka zodzikongoletsera izi zowoneka bwino ngati mafomu osiyanasiyana ngati tees, chepe, mtanda, stub nthiti, zipewa. SS S30400 STRD THLL SUP SUMBOM yopanga bwino kwambiri ndikulowerera katundu. Zitsulo zamtunduwu zimawonetsanso katundu wosagwirizana ndi oxida. Timapanga zogulitsa zathu zonse m'makhalidwe apadziko lonse lapansi.

SS 316 Masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha mapaipi. Amapezeka mu mawonekedwe, kukula ndi miyeso. Zomwe zili m'mipasi izi ndizotsika kuposa 301 ndi 304 madegi. Chifukwa chake, mapangidwe achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri amanenedwa kuti ndi chisankho choyenera.

Titaniyamu imawerengedwa kuti ndi chitsulo champhamvu chokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu ya 434 pa yomwe imapangitsa 63,000 psi yomwe imakhala yofanana ndi mphamvu ya chitsulo chochepa kwambiri.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 321 \ / / / / / / / / / / / / Nkhaniyo ili ndi chromium, nickel, titanium ndi zinthu zina limodzi ndi kaboni. 321h ili ndi kaboni wapamwamba kuposa mabaibulo enanso. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zowonjezera monga 321 \ 321h 321h kapangidwe kazinthu zosapanga zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri koma palinso mawonekedwe osawoneka. Chipilala chosapanga chitsulo chosapanga s32100 chitopo ndi mtundu woyenera womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri kuti asinthe njira yoyendera.

FOSTELOLOY C22, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti C22, ndi austentic nickel-cromium-molybdenum-apmisten kukwiya popewa.

Zovala zathu za SS 310s chitumbuzi zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chochepa cha kaboni chotsika kuti chitha kuwononga chimbudzi, makamaka chiwonongeko chamadzi ndikuwongolera m'magulu a mankhwala ndi ore.

Alloy Steel Asthe a234 WP22 Wop22 Zoyenera Zowonjezera ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri pakati pa matelo a Astm A234

Intelsel 601 ili ndi kukana bwino kupsinjika. Chifukwa cha ulamuliro wa kaboni ndi kukula kwa tirigu, 601 ali ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito 601 m'munda pamwamba 500 ¡¡z.

Makina athu osapanga dzimbiri 904l (WNR 1.4539) amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mphamvu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito zitsamba kapena mafuta a nyukiliya, komanso mpweya wabwino pakukulekanitsa padziko lapansi. SS 904l yoweta chubu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati unyolo wozizira kuti uzipanga zatsopano, zakumwa, ndi zakudya zowundana pamoto wotentha. SS Werkstoff nr. 1.4539 Chifuwa cha Matumbo Chindapusa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale obwera ndi mafuta, mphamvu zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi, zotsatsa, zodzikongoletsa, makampani am'mapepala.

MSS-SP43 Yaitali ya Rius, wowongoka mtima, lowongoka, lopindika, ma radius okwera, 1 \ 2 "-24" schxxs

ASME A234 Zoyenera Zithunzi Zithunzi Zapamwamba kwambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi, zimaphatikizapo chitsulo chamitundu.

S31803 ndiye njira yolumikizirana yolumikizidwa (yopanda tanthauzo) ya chitsulo choyambirira. Dongosolo la Unili lidapangidwa ndi magulu ambiri amalonda m'ma 1970 kuti muchepetse chisokonezo pomwe alloyo yemwe yemweyo adatchedwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana, komanso mosemphanitsa. Chitsulo chilichonse chimayimiridwa ndi kalata yotsatiridwa ndi manambala asanu, pomwe kalatayo ikuyimira zitsulo, i.I. s ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

FOSTELOLOY C22, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti C22, ndi austentic nickel-cromium-molybdenum-apmisten kukwiya popewa.

Zovala zathu za SS 310s chitumbuzi zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chochepa cha kaboni chotsika kuti chitha kuwononga chimbudzi, makamaka chiwonongeko chamadzi ndikuwongolera m'magulu a mankhwala ndi ore.

Kwa mapulogalamu ogwiritsa ntchito pepala amafuna magiredi a Anoy omwe alibe zokwanira kuwonongeka. Kutengera ndi zikhalidwe 22%, ali ndi austetitic: microptuction microstructuctunce yomwe imapereka mphamvu zazikulu, kukana ndi kuchuluka kwa mtengo wake.

Zitsulo za kaboni ndi chitsulo chokhazikitsidwa ndi kaboni ndi chitsulo. Itha kukhala ndi zinthu zina zomwe sizingafanane kapena mumayendedwe. Zitsulo zachitsulo zimawerengedwa malinga ndi kaboni zomwe zimasakanikirana ndi chitsulo. Miyala yamkati ndi yotsika ya kaboni imatha kukhala ndi zokhudzana ndi kaboni 0,3%, pomwe ma carbon a carbon amatha kukhala ndi mitaboni yayitali ngati 2%. Kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa zomwe zili nthawi zambiri kumasankhidwa chifukwa chogulitsa. Kaboni amadziwika kuti kuthekera kwake kupirira kutentha kwambiri ndi mphamvu \ / kupsinjika.

Makina osapanga dzimbiri osapanga dzimbiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga chifukwa chokwanira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo wake. Ili ndi zabwino zambiri pamiyala yachiwiri yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yotchuka kuposa ina iliyonse. Kugwira ntchito kwa mtengo wapatali kwa ma emoy kwathandiza kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kofala. Kuphatikiza pa izi, zimathandizanso pokonza dongosolo la ziwembu.

ASTM A234 WPB ERAWH ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa chitoliro. Chotupa chimakhala cholumikizidwa ngati chipongwe ndikulola kusintha kolowera poyenda m'madzi otuluka.

Zoyenera zimapangidwa kenako kutentha mpaka kutentha kwambiri ndikuyamba kuzizira kwambiri mpaka kuzizira. Izi zozizirazi zimawonjezera mphamvu ya zojambula zosapanga dzimbiri ndikuwapangitsa kukhala olimba. Ma SS 310s oyenerera amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ngati madzi am'madzi, mafuta am'mimba ozungulira komanso pompopompo. 310s ss zolimbitsa thupi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makalasi osiyanasiyana kuti athe kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso.

Pofuna kufafanizira mapaipi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa payipi yolunjika pa mapaipi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma piipelines osiyanasiyana, mapaipi osiyanasiyana ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamene mapaipiwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, chikopa chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha kukula kwa mapaipi. Mukamacheza, chipika chanjira zitatu chowonekacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholumikizira cholumikizira, kuti chikhazikitse chipani cholumikizirana kapena kukula kwa nthawi yayitali komanso cholumikizira cholumikizira cha mapaipi. , Pakulumikizana ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, palinso zolumikizira ndi mapulagini a gawo la chida.

FOSTELOLOY C22, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti C22, ndi austentic nickel-cromium-molybdenum-apmisten kukwiya popewa.

Zovala zathu za SS 310s chitumbuzi zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chochepa cha kaboni chotsika kuti chitha kuwononga chimbudzi, makamaka chiwonongeko chamadzi ndikuwongolera m'magulu a mankhwala ndi ore.