Ht 6 inch Sch 10s A403 WP317L B16.9 90 Bergen Elieble

Awa ali ndi mwayi wa Nickel ndi Molybdenum omwe amatsutsana ndi malo ochepetsera. Kukaniza kwa oxidation kumakhalanso kwakukulu m'mabuku chifukwa chowonjezera pazovala za chromium.

Mafuta achikasu, utoto wakuda wamafuta, utoto wa anti-nduf, ozizira komanso otentha. Zinc yoyala.

Zovuta zachitsulo zamagalasi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi mafakitale polytetrafluorothylene) pazogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafunikira nyonga zapamwamba komanso zothandiza. Sai-Aisi 1018, 1020, 1040, 1045 \ / ck45 ndi ma grade wamba can steel omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zosinthazi. Industry specifications such as ASTM A36, A193, A194, A307, A354, A449, A540, A563, F1554 and SAE J429 cover high strength carbon steel fastener grades.

Ma flanges amasindikizidwa ndi ma gaskets. Milandu imakhala yolumikizidwa (yolumikizidwa) ndikuwombeza. Kwa osapanga dzimbiri, zinthu zokhazikika ngati ti, nb ndi mo zimawonjezeredwa kuti zikhale zolimbana ndi kuwononga. Kutentha kwambiri ndikwabwino kuposa kwa mapangidwe achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri.

Al6xn Aloy (SER83367) ndi kaboni yotsika, yoyera kwambiri, yomwe ndi "yonyamula nandergeni-yopanda dape.

Inter 36 ® ndi chitsulo-chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chomwe chili ndi 36% Nickel, IMPARS 36 ili ndi zochulukirapo pakukula kwa kutentha kwa a Crogenic pafupifupi + 260 ° C).

Incrooy 800h Valnge Tili ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

Kuchulukitsa kwa titanium ndi pafupifupi 60% yomwe ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi nickel polosys, kupulumutsa thupi kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chodziwika bwino pakugwiritsa ntchito monga Arrospace.

316l 1.4401 s31603 Chipika chosapanga dzimbiri ndi njira yolimba komanso yolimba yofananira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazosiyanasiyana za mafakitale ndi malonda. Izi s31603 chitoliro chimapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zapamwamba za 316l osapanga dzimbiri mosapanga dzimbiri mosapanga chipongwe, oxidation ndi chomata, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino m'malo mwazinthu zovuta kapena zovuta.

Astme A105 CAvers adachotsa zitsulo zowoneka bwino ndi zigawo za poizoni zotsogola komanso zokwera kwambiri pakukakamiza

Illevel 718 ndi Nickeum-cromium-molybdenum superaloy yopangidwa kuti ithe kukana malo osiyanasiyana owopsa, okonda kugwada. ICKEL Inoyyi imaperekanso zokolola zambiri, tuensile ndi zopota zankhanza pamatenthedwe okwera. Illever 718 cholinga chake chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kuchokera kutentha pang'ono mpaka 1200¡f.

ASTM A420 ndiye lingaliro lokhazikika la zoumba za chitoliro cha chitsulo cha fodya ndi zitsulo zogwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga kutentha kochepa. WPL6 ndiye malo ogwiritsira ntchito kwambiri pansi pa A420.

Alloy 70 \ / 30 mkuwa-nickel anoy amadziwika chifukwa cha kununkhira kwake bwino, kutukuka ndikulimbana ndi mphamvu yabwino, makina komanso owoneka bwino. Alloy 70 \ / / /2 30 zodzikongoletsera zimadziwika kuti zimaletsa hydrojeni ndikusunga mphamvu zopangira makina ngakhale kutentha kochepa.

Makampani kapena chifukwa cha ntchito iliyonse yomwe imadalira makina.
Allows Steel SA 182 F9 Bar ndi a Ferritic Smoel bar, zomwe zinatengedwa. Mitengo iyi ndi chitsulo cholemedwa chomwe chimapangidwa kutentha kwambiri komanso kukakamizidwa.
Mapaipi 2205 okhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri ku China

Sch40 Monol 400 chitoliro chimasankhidwa kukhala nambala ya Werkstoff 2.4360 ndi N04400. Chipika 400 chimadziwikanso kuti Monil Anoy chitoliro cha 400, Monl 400 Pipe & Nickel Chitoliro 400.

Nilo Anoy 36, w.NR 1.3912, Inciar 36 ® ndi chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chomwe chili ndi 36% Nickel ndipo ali ndi gawo la kufalikira kwa gawo limodzi la chitsulo cha kaboni pafupifupi.

317l (00cr19NI13mo3, S31726) Alloy ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Imakhala yolimbana ndi vuto la mankhwala kuposa ma chmium-nickel austetic dambo osapanga dzimbiri monga 304 aloy. Kuphatikiza apo, poyerekeza ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, 317l alloy ali ndi duckirice, kupsinjika kuwukirana, mphamvu yopondereza ndi kutentha kwambiri kukana. Ndi kalasi yotsika ya carbon kapena l kalasi, yomwe imalimbana ndi chidwi pakuwotcha ndi kutentha chithandizo.

FOSTELOLOY C2000 amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri kuphatikizapo mafakitale a petrochemical, makonzedwe a mankhwala opanga mafuta, zophika zamafuta ndi zomera.

Poyambirira anapangidwa kuti athane ndi madzi am'madzi am'madzi, Al6xn yawonjezera gawo lake ngati chitsulo chamkati. Chotupa cha Al6xn ndi mpweya wotsika, chiyero chachikulu, nayitrogeni wokhala ndi "super ya" itatu ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Ndodo za Al 6xn zopindika za Alsititic Al 6xn zopindika ndizabwino kwambiri, zopangidwa kuchokera ku alloy zomwe zimakhala ndi kaboni zochepa za chromium, nickel ndi molybdenum. Ndodo za Al 6xn zopindika zimagwirizana ndi kupsinjika kwa chloride kuwonongeka.

304 Nphwemba zopondapondazikulu zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, zinthu wamba komanso zodziwika bwino muzogwiritsidwa ntchito zambiri zamakampani zomwe zimafunikira kukana kuwonongeka ndi oxidation. Nyansiweli iyi ya S30400 imakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera ndi njira, zomwe zikuwonetsetsa kuti ndi olondola komanso odalirika.

Ndife opanga, ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa maboni A105 \ / A105N GORES, omwe ndi othandiza pakupanga zipilala za kaboni Timatulutsa zitsulo za kaboni A105 \ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Alc5n FRORE Malingaliro opambana pakukakamizidwa ndi magwiridwe antchito ngati Hydraulic Exting Pakatikati.

Astme A105 Flange ndi mtundu wa ma flanges. Kutanthauzira kumatha kuphatikizira magiredi osiyanasiyana osapanga dzimbiri. Ma flanges ali ndi chitsulo chopangidwa kaboni ndipo amapangidwira kutentha kwambiri. Chitope cha HT ndi opanga ndi othandizira a Astm Astme A105.

Nickel alloy pipe & chubu
ASMM A182, ATE Sa182
FSTEOLLOY C2000 ikupezeka mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe amtunduwu, mtundu uwu wa chromium-molybdenum aroyoy amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso kukana.
Illevesel Pipe Natioxidant Kukana

Super Duplex Zosakhazikika kwa E.G. Alloy S3270, ili ndi micrestruction wa onse a Austetery komanso Ferrite mu gawo lofanana kapena 50 \ / 50.

Carbon Steel Flange
Alloy 600 siali-Magnetic, ali ndi zida zabwino kwambiri komanso kuphatikiza mphamvu zazikulu komanso zamakina abwino, ndipo ndizosavuta kutchetcha. Illever 600 ili ndi malo ozizira omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.

Kuwala kumatha kukhala mbale yophimba kapena kutseka kumapeto kwa chitoliro. Izi zimatchedwa Flange ya wakhungu. Chifukwa chake, zojambulazo zimawonedwa ngati zigawo zamkati zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira makina.

Alloy 800 ndi a nickeum-chromiam almoy mphamvu ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana kwa oxidation ndi kutupa kwambiri. ASTM B407 SINE N08800 infoloy 800 WR. 1.4876 Chitoliro chowala bwino chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga zida zofuna kukana kuchuluka, kukana kutentha, mphamvu, komanso kukhazikika pakuchita nawo ntchito mpaka 1500 ° C).

Chifukwa cha kusintha kwake, ndipo chifukwa ndi chuma chambiri pazogwiritsa ntchito zofunika kuwononga zachilengedwe, kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa matani, mateburi osiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito Nickel Anoy m'magulu awo 600.

Invalsel 718 ndi alloy-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu apamwamba monga Aweslospace ndi majini agalu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga a Ism B670 Invelve 718 ndiye kuti mbale yogubuduza. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya mbale za Intery18 zomwe zilipo pamsika: kuwotcha mbale zowombera.

Nickel 200 Amalongosola Nickel 200 Malawi amakhala olimba, osasunthika, ndipo amaliza bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, Astm B564 SP52200 N02200 Zisoka zakhungu zimalimbana ndi kutengera ndale komanso zotsatsa, zimapangitsa kukhala bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirizira.

Al6xn ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosakhazikika ku chloride pansi, crevice kutukuka komanso kupsinjika kuwonongeka. Al6xn ndi Alloy a 6 wokhazikika womwe umapangidwa ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta. Ili ndi Nickel (24%), Molybdenum (6.3%), nayitrogeni ndi chromium yomwe imapangitsa kuti zisautso, chloride pansi. Al6xn imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokana zolimba komanso zopondera ku chlorisi. Ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

Mphamvu yazomwe zimatsalira chifukwa cha kuzizira ndikukula nkhawa kwambiri, komanso zikuluzikulu za pamwamba pamtunda woyambirira ukalamba, ndiye zifukwa zazikulu zokhalira ndi zikuluzikulu za Monthpolo K500.
Duptux Steel
Kulembana
htsspipe.com
Chitsulo chachitsulo
Nickel 200 ma flanges
Chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri & chubu
Super Dumpx S32750 Flange Spring St3250
Matumba a Pika Matumbo
316l 310s 321 Zopanda Zopanda Zopanda Zosakhazikika
Astm ASME SB 164 Monil 400 Round Bar Office N04400 Nickel Anoy Bar
Illevesel 600 zimapangitsa kuti anthu asayansi 600

Pansi pamatumbo, mawonekedwe a Intent 600 a Flange pa Slangel akuwonetsa kukana kwa mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito okhaake okha komanso opanga mitundu limodzi ndi ma alkali omwe ali nawo

ASMM A312 TP316 ndi njira yokhazikika ya msoko, komanso kuzizira kwambiri osakhazikika opaleshoni ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri ndi ntchito wamba. Chitoliro chosawoneka bwino mafakitale chimapangidwa kuchokera ku chromium, nickel, ndi molybdenum, omwe amapereka SS Quams Stuam Turnion ku kutukula ndi dzimbiri.

Mapaipi a kusokonekera kosasaka kumakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi katundu wapamwamba kwambiri komanso mphamvu zambiri.

Imatha kupirira mankhwala osiyanasiyana osakhazikika komanso osasinthasintha, ndikuwonetsa kukana kwakukulu ndikumenya ndi Crevice pamaso pa chlorides ndi ma halides ena.

Nickel Anoy 400 ndi Monl 400, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ndi N04400 Nictal-Copy-Copy-Copy kukhala makamaka mwa atatu a Nickel ndi chachitatu. Nickel Anoy 400 amadziwika chifukwa chokana kusiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza alkalis (kapena asidi), madzi amchere, ma hydrofluoric acid. Kuyambira monoy 400 kapena Aloy 400 ndi chitsulo chozizira chogwira ntchito, chivomerezichi chimakhala cholimba, kuuma ndi mphamvu. Pogwira ntchito yozizira astm B164 SARD N04400 bar stock, alloy imayang'aniridwa ndi kupsinjika kwamakina, komwe kumapangitsa kusintha kwa micrestructuctuctution ya Alloy.

Chitsito chopanda maziko cha 316 chakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa gawo la mafakitale. Chitsulo ichi ndi chrome chimadziwika kuti ndikukana kwake kuvunda, komanso kukhazikika kwake. 316 Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimatha kupangidwa muzosaso komanso machubu owuma kuti akwaniritse zosowa zapadera za kasitomala.
Wamphamvu ndi zolimbitsa thupi (i) PVT. Ltd. ndi wopanga wovomerezeka wa kalasi 150 #, 300 #, 600 #, PNN10, PN10, PN20 14001: 2004, ohsas 18001: 2007 kutsimikizika.
Ali ndi kaboni, manganese, phosphorous, sulfuro, ya sulfur, mkuwa, nickel, chremium, molbdenum ndi vadium m'pangidwe ake. Popeza zida zinazo ndizochepera 1% ya kapangidwe kake, awa amatchedwa makhate a kaboni. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana monga Sha105N Flange yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutseka chingwe. Asme sa105 stean steael sliss pama fronges amakhalanso ndi mphamvu yabwino. Kuchepa kochepa kwa mphamvu ya A105 Flange B16.5 ndi 250mpa ndi mphamvu yocheperako ndi 485mpu. Zinthuzi ndizovuta ndi kuchuluka kwa brinoll kulimbikira kwa 187.

Zitsulo zopangira zimapereka mwayi woyenera kuyeretsa, kuyeserera kapena kusintha. Nthawi zambiri amabwera motsatana koma amathanso kubwera m'magulu osiyanasiyana komanso amakona. Ma flanges amalumikizidwa wina ndi mnzake pobowola komanso wolumikizidwa ndi makina opukusa ndi kuwotcherera kapena kuluma ndipo amapangidwira kusokonekera kwamphamvu; 150lb, 300lb, 400lb, 600LB, 900LB, 1500LB ndi 2500Lb.

Makina ogwiritsa ntchito a infortings 718 ndi osangalatsa kwambiri, omwe amapangitsa kuti ikhale yotchuka m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ASTM B366 SIPELE STANDELE 718 Alevetings ali ndi mphamvu zovutirapo kwambiri mpaka madigiri okwera mpaka 700 Celsius.

Chitani chosapanga dzimbiri mozungulira machubu, amatanthauza kuzisintha ngati zitsulo zopanga dzimbiri, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana komanso oyendetsa ndege. Kaya zili ngati ukadaulo, shopu yoyenerera kapena ntchito yopanga, kapena kokha kofunikira pang'ono kuchokera ku hobsist yosangalatsa, machubu osaneneka ambiri.
Duptux Steel
Kulembana
htsspipe.com
Chitsulo chachitsulo
Nickel 200 ma flanges
Chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri & chubu
Super Dumpx S32750 Flange Spring St3250
Matumba a Pika Matumbo
316l 310s 321 Zopanda Zopanda Zopanda Zosakhazikika
Astm ASME SB 164 Monil 400 Round Bar Office N04400 Nickel Anoy Bar
Masamba osapanga dzimbiri & ma sheets & coils

Aloy 800 wedy wedy timakhala ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

Poyerekeza ndi 316l, 317L chitsulo chabwino cha madzi ndi scc kukana kwa scc, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zombo zamankhwala, mankhwala ena amagwiritsa ntchito kukana kwamphamvu kwambiri.

Ictives 600 yozungulira ndi intoy-valkel-brad-cenel carburrization ndi kukana bwino kuwonongedwa kwakukulu. Zingwe zozungulira 600 zozungulira zimagwira ntchito kuyanika cl2 ndi mipweya ina yambiri yofananira ndi kutentha kwambiri. Alloy 600 bar ndi a chromial-cromiyal-cromiyal-cromiyal-chloride bwino oxidation ndi kukana ku chloride kuwonongeka kwa chloride kugwa, ukhondo wamadzi acid kumatentha.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zopondaponda m'mafuta ndi mafuta a gasi \ / kupanga ndi kusinthidwa kwa kutentha mu petrochemical \ / mankhwala.

Poyerekeza ndi zosapanga dzimbiri zosapanga dzimbiri, matope achitsulo amatsimikizira kukana kwakukulu ndikukhotakhota komanso kupsinjika. Pakadali pano, anyezi yathu ya 789 \ / machubu a 790 ndi omwe amapezeka mosiyanasiyana, mabatani ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana malinga ndi zomwe makasitomala amafunikira.

Kaboni mosadukiza, zomwe zimapangidwa molingana ndi Astherm A105, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapulogalamu. Izi zidapangitsa kuti zigawo zitsulo zosungunuka (kuphatikizapo zowongoka, zolimbitsa thupi, ndi mavuvu, ndi zina) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ntchito yozungulira- komanso yokwera kwambiri pakukakamizidwa. A105N, yomwe imasankhidwa ndi yokwanira ¡° ¡± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± Ngati zongoyikidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma ppvc kapena asme B31, zinthuzo zidzakhala zofanana ndi Sa-105 kapena sa-105n. Mwachidule. Astme A105 Flange ndi mtundu wa ma flanges. Kutanthauzira kumatha kuphatikizira magiredi osiyanasiyana osapanga dzimbiri. Ma flanges ali ndi chitsulo chopangidwa kaboni ndipo amapangidwira kutentha kwambiri.

Zitsulo zachitsulo ndi zitsulo zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokwanira pakati pa 1.0% ndi 50% ndi kulemera kwake kuti musinthe mphamvu zake. Zitsulo za alloy zimasweka m'magulu awiri: zitsulo zotsika komanso zitsulo zazitali. Kusiyana pakati pa awiriwo kumatsutsidwa. Smith ndi Ismahemu amatanthauzira kusiyana kwa 4.0%, pomwe degarmo, et al. Nthawi zambiri, mawu akuti "alloy chitsulo" amatanthauza zitsulo zotsika kwambiri.

Izi zimathandizira kuthana ndi sulufuric acid. Ilinso ndi mawu apamwamba kwambiri, kuti apititsenso kukana kwake kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi njira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mitsinje yolimba ndi mpweya wosungunuka.
Carbon Steel A105 DZIKO LAPANSI, ASME Sa105 SHAMVE STEL Sliss pa China
Duptux Steel
Kulembana
htsspipe.com
Chitsulo chachitsulo
Nickel 200 ma flanges
Chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri & chubu
Super Dumpx S32750 Flange Spring St3250
Matumba a Pika Matumbo
316l 310s 321 Zopanda Zopanda Zopanda Zosakhazikika
Astm ASME SB 164 Monil 400 Round Bar Office N04400 Nickel Anoy Bar
Zhengzhou Huitong Mapaipel Counc CO., LTD.

Zimawonetsa kukana bwino kusalowerera ndale. Izi za alloy zimapanga mwa khumi ndi chimodzi, filimu yoteteza yomwe siyitalikirapo, koma imasunganso kukana kwa makutina kuposa kutentha.

Nthawi zambiri N08367 imatchedwanso Al6xn Al6xn ndi kaboni yotsika, yoyera kwambiri, nulytel-molybdenum yolimbana ndi crevice.

ASTM A240 Mtundu 2205 Plate ndi duwa losapanga dzimbiri lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, kufufuza kwamafuta ndi mafuta, ndi ukadaulo wamadzi, ndi ukadaulo wamadzi. Mapepala 2205 amapangidwa kuchokera ku kalasi ya SAGIS 2205, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe chimaphatikizika ndi chitsulo champhamvu.

The ANI B16.5 Alloy Steel Stard ndi mtundu woyaka womwe umalola mapaipi kuti achotsere chofunda ndikupanga kulumikizana kwa malo.

Nickel kutengera 800 inclooy chitoliro chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi kukana bwino kuwonongeka. Makamaka kuyankhula, chisumbulu 800 chitoliro chimapereka kukana mokwanira zotsutsana ndi ma carburization onse komanso oxidation kutukula.

S32750 S32760 Super Duptux dambo wosapanga matope osakhazikika

Montel K500, SIMIS N05500 (QQ-N-286), ndi chinsalu chowuma cham'mkuntho chomwe chimaphatikiza chipongwe cha Monil Aloy 400 ndi Mphamvu) komanso kuuma. Imakhalanso ndi chotsika chotsika ndipo ndilibe kutentha kwa -150¡f (-101.c).
Duptux Steel
Kulembana
htsspipe.com
Chitsulo chachitsulo
Nickel 200 ma flanges
Chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri & chubu
Super Dumpx S32750 Flange Spring St3250
Matumba a Pika Matumbo
316l 310s 321 Zopanda Zopanda Zopanda Zosakhazikika
Astm ASME SB 164 Monil 400 Round Bar Office N04400 Nickel Anoy Bar
Titanium tubing mphamvu zazikulu ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono

Iswees osawoneka bwino kwambiri a sing'anga osawoneka N06600 ndi Astm B167 ndi omwe amapangidwa kuti apirire kwambiri ndikubwera ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu.

2507 Duplex imagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuvota yunifolomu ndi ma acid a adoni ndi acetic acid.

GI Hex Bolt Ms Tnsile 7-4-14 3 4 3 x XI jis Hexagoge Comport HDG HDG HATM HDEPT

Chromium yapamwamba, molybdenum ndi nayitrogeni imapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino kwambiri (zomwe zingachitike) zitsulo zokongoletsera ndi zotupa zosapanga dzimbiri, komanso kutentha kotsika kwambiri kuposa 50¡c.