Asme B36.19M Chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri

FSTEOLLOY C2000 ikupezeka mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe amtunduwu, mtundu uwu wa chromium-molybdenum aroyoy amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso kukana.

304 Nphwemba zopondapondazikulu zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, zinthu wamba komanso zodziwika bwino muzogwiritsidwa ntchito zambiri zamakampani zomwe zimafunikira kukana kuwonongeka ndi oxidation. Nyansiweli iyi ya S30400 imakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera ndi njira, zomwe zikuwonetsetsa kuti ndi olondola komanso odalirika.

Invalsel 718 ndi alloy-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu apamwamba monga Aweslospace ndi majini agalu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga a Ism B670 Invelve 718 ndiye kuti mbale yogubuduza. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya mbale za Intery18 zomwe zilipo pamsika: kuwotcha mbale zowombera.

Nickel Anoy 400 ndi Monl 400, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ndi N04400 Nictal-Copy-Copy-Copy kukhala makamaka mwa atatu a Nickel ndi chachitatu. Nickel Anoy 400 amadziwika chifukwa chokana kusiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza alkalis (kapena asidi), madzi amchere, ma hydrofluoric acid. Kuyambira monoy 400 kapena Aloy 400 ndi chitsulo chozizira chogwira ntchito, chivomerezichi chimakhala cholimba, kuuma ndi mphamvu. Pogwira ntchito yozizira astm B164 SARD N04400 bar stock, alloy imayang'aniridwa ndi kupsinjika kwamakina, komwe kumapangitsa kusintha kwa micrestructuctuctution ya Alloy.

Nas625 (NCF625, SICKEL-Chromium-molybdenum aloya ndi zowonjezera za Niobium. Matrix Storting yomwe yaperekedwa ndi Molybdenum ndi Niobium imabweretsa mphamvu yayikulu. Alloy amakana malo osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana. Zimaperekanso kukana kutentha kwambiri. Ikuwonetsanso chitetezo chochititsa chidwi kuti chiwonongeko ndi oxidation. Kutha kwake kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu ndi kutentha kwambiri, konsekonse, konse ndi madzi, komanso kuti muthane ndi kutupa kwambiri pomwe mukukhala ndi chisankho choyenera cha nyukiliya ndi mathigi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa carbon Asso Asm A105 Wakhungu kumapangitsa kukhala kosavuta. Ma flanges akhungu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti atseke valavu kapena amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti aletse mayendedwe a media pamapaipi.

Incrooy 800h Valnge Tili ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

Nilo Anoy 36, w.NR 1.3912, Inciar 36 ® ndi chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chomwe chili ndi 36% Nickel ndipo ali ndi gawo la kufalikira kwa gawo limodzi la chitsulo cha kaboni pafupifupi.

A789 S31803 ndi S32205 ndi zitsulo ziwiri zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito zosiyanasiyana. Mapaipi awa a duplex s31803 osakhala opanda chidwi amadziwika chifukwa chokana kwambiri kuwonongeka, mphamvu zazikulu, komanso kutopa kwambiri. A789 ndi lingaliro lomwe limakwirira osawoneka bwino komanso machubu opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

Nickel 200 Amalongosola Nickel 200 Malawi amakhala olimba, osasunthika, ndipo amaliza bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, Astm B564 SP52200 N02200 Zisoka zakhungu zimalimbana ndi kutengera ndale komanso zotsatsa, zimapangitsa kukhala bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirizira.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zopondaponda m'mafuta ndi mafuta a gasi \ / kupanga ndi kusinthidwa kwa kutentha mu petrochemical \ / mankhwala.

Lembani "chitoliro chosawoneka
Imbani 36 K93600
FOSTELOLOY C2000 amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri kuphatikizapo mafakitale a petrochemical, makonzedwe a mankhwala opanga mafuta, zophika zamafuta ndi zomera.
Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri & ndodo

316l 1.4401 s31603 Chipika chosapanga dzimbiri ndi njira yolimba komanso yolimba yofananira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazosiyanasiyana za mafakitale ndi malonda. Izi s31603 chitoliro chimapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zapamwamba za 316l osapanga dzimbiri mosapanga dzimbiri mosapanga chipongwe, oxidation ndi chomata, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino m'malo mwazinthu zovuta kapena zovuta.

Duptux wosapanga dzimbiri umapereka kukana kwabwino kwambiri ku kutukudwa pamodzi ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri, yomwe imalola kuphatikizika kopepuka komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu. Ndi kukana kwakukulu kumeneku, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimapereka nthawi yambiri yopanda chitsulo kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

Alloy 254 Osuta kapena Astm A182 F44 F44 Itgenum ndi Nitrogeni adatsitsidwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosapanga dzimbiri. Izi ziwonetsero zili ndi kaboni.

Kuwala kumatha kukhala mbale yophimba kapena kutseka kumapeto kwa chitoliro. Izi zimatchedwa Flange ya wakhungu. Chifukwa chake, zojambulazo zimawonedwa ngati zigawo zamkati zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira makina.

Chingwe chimakhala chokwera, milomo kapena rim, kunja kwa zakunja kapena mkati, zomwe zimathandiza kuwonjezera mphamvu (monga mtengo wamtambo kapena t-bat); Kuti mulumikizidwe mosavuta \ / kusamutsa kwa kulumikizana ndi chinthu china (monga chowala kumapeto kwa chitoliro, scal cylinder, etc., kapena pamunda wa mandala); kapena pokhazikitsa ndikuwongolera mayendedwe a makina kapena mbali zake (monga tambala mkati mwagalimoto kapena gudumu la tram, zomwe zimapangitsa mawilo kuti asamayendetse njanji). Mawu akuti "Flange" imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chida chogwiritsidwa ntchito chopanga ma flanges.

SB5644 SI02200 Flange
Pali magawo osiyanasiyana a P91 Zitsulo Zazitsulo, zikugwirizana ndi magulu osiyanasiyana opanikizika. Sa335 P91 Chitoliro chopanda chopanda chisamaliro chimatha kupirira kupanikizika kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri ndipo kumatha kupezekanso kwa mapaipi ndi mapangidwe ena.

Asme B16.48 Fritelloy Centroy C2000 Flanges Storsers C2000 Lap Joy Jount

Monl 400 ili ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso kulimba kuposa kutentha kwakukulu komanso kukana kwabwino kwa malo ambiri okhalamo. Zomwe zimapangidwa zimawonetsedwa patebulo pansipa.

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Masamba osapanga dzimbiri & ma sheets & coils

Incluloy althoy amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dzina la prefix kupita ku matenthedwe angapo okhala ndi kutentha kwambiri kumalimbitsa zitsulo pazitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zapadera. Ma Slows a Nickel ndiwopambana kwambiri pakusintha kwa kutentha mu mankhwala ndi mafakitale a nyukiliya. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Stery Jeneret Tchuluki yamphamvu yamagetsi ya nyukiliya, yotentha kwambiri pa ndege, ndipo mu madzi otentha, komanso mapulogalamu ophatikizika - komanso kutentha kapena kutentha

Ma coil 625 amadziwika ndi kukana kwake kwabwino kwa oxidation, kutentha kwambiri komanso kutopa. ASTM B443 SANDO N06625 SIVELEILE imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu anthospace, mankhwala kutengera ndi mafuta ndi mafakitale chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri.

Makina osapanga dzimbiri osapanga mapangidwe a Duels¡¯s zopindulitsa ndikuphatikizidwa ndikuphatikizidwa kwa austetitic ndi Ferrite astoys mumicroststection, akukwaniritsa mphamvu ndi kukana kwakukulu.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa Prososion Fretelloy kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mafakitale a mankhwala. Kufunika koyenera kumabweretsa mwayi wovomerezeka ndi mphamvu zawo, thanzi komanso zachilengedwe, mafuta ndi mpweya, mafakitale a mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Aloy 800 wedy wedy timakhala ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

RFWNOM imalumikizana (yotukuka nkhope yakumaso kwa masikono) ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga mafakitale. Ndiosavuta kuzindikira ndi chimbudzi chawo chakale chomwe chimafanana ndi makulidwe a khoma (kubala).

Sch40 Monol 400 chitoliro chimasankhidwa kukhala nambala ya Werkstoff 2.4360 ndi N04400. Chipika 400 chimadziwikanso kuti Monil Anoy chitoliro cha 400, Monl 400 Pipe & Nickel Chitoliro 400.

Imatha kupirira mankhwala osiyanasiyana osakhazikika komanso osasinthasintha, ndikuwonetsa kukana kwakukulu ndikumenya ndi Crevice pamaso pa chlorides ndi ma halides ena.

Astm A312 TP316 SMICILARICICICICICT TIPIP SMIP S31600 SMS SMS
Illeveser 600 ndi a chromial-chromial-chromium inoy yokhala ndi maxidation oxidation kukana kutentha kwambiri, osakanikirana chifukwa choteteza ndi chloride wokhala ndi malo.
\ / 5 kutengera

Kuwala ndi mphete ya chitsulo (kupangidwa kuchokera ku mbale, kapena yolumikizidwa) kupangidwira zigawo za chitoliro, kapena kuti mulowetse chitoliro cha sitimayo, misonkhano ina kapena pamsonkhano wina wophatikizika. Zowawa zimaphatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake, ndipo kumapazi polowera kapena kupukusa (kapena kumasula pomwe madotolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito). Chitani chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimasankhidwa kukhala SS nyambo, amatanthauza ma mbengo omwe adapanga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Miyezo yodziwika bwino ndi Stadem ndi Asso A182 REPE F304 \ / l ndi 300

Duplex 2205 nthawi zina nthawi zina amawonetsa maginito chifukwa ma alloy alloy ali ndi 50% Ferrite.

Nthawi zambiri N08367 imatchedwanso Al6xn Al6xn ndi kaboni yotsika, yoyera kwambiri, nulytel-molybdenum yolimbana ndi crevice.

Ictal 625 ndi superaloy yayitali kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mafuta ndi mpweya, petrochemical, aweschece ndi mpweya turbine. Kuphatikiza pa kukana kwakukulu ndikukhota komanso kupindika chipongwe, kuli ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri. Asayansi 625 Amakhalanso ndi malo osungunuka 1290 mpaka 1350 digiri Celsius. Izi zimawathandiza kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri. Kulimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri, kuponya kuchuluka kwamphamvu ndi nyonga yayikulu kupanga kalasi ya N06625 kothandiza mu chomera champhamvu, mankhwala, ntchito zamagetsi zamankhwala.

Makampani ena omwe 310 ndi 310s osapanga dzimbiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani amafuta, imatha kupezeka mu mabokosi owoneka bwino komanso mabokosi, zitseko, zitseko, mafani, ndi matabwa oyenda.

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chomwe chimalimbana ndi dzimbiri. Ili ndi 11% chromium ndipo imatha kukhala ndi zinthu monga kaboni, zina zosakhala ndi zitsulo zina kuti mupeze zomwe akufuna. Kutsutsa kopanda dzimbiri kuti chiwonongeke kumabweretsa chifukwa cha chromium, omwe amapanga kanema wongokhala womwe umatha kuteteza nkhaniyo ndikuchira pamaso pa mpweya.

Magalasi okhazikika - omwe adayikapo sayansi-nickel-cobalt matobala, Kovar Smows, ali ndi mzere wowonjezera wowonjezera wofanana ndi galasi lolimba mkati mwa kutentha kwina

Mphamvu yayitali imadzetsa kuwongolera kaboni, aluminiyamu, ndi zomwe zili muatanium molumikizana ndi temprele yayikulu.
Nickel 200 ma flanges
Azerbaijani
Vietnamese
A belaruulian
Zopangidwa
Nilo \ / alloy k W.NR.: 1.3981
A789 S31803 ndi S320205 BUM
Zopangidwa payipi
Puplex dambo osapanga zipilala 2205 chubu
Asme B16.5 Alloy Steel Flange ya kutentha kwambiri
ASTM B424 SINE N08825 Hot Hot Spacer Spacer

Iswees osawoneka bwino kwambiri a sing'anga osawoneka N06600 ndi Astm B167 ndi omwe amapangidwa kuti apirire kwambiri ndikubwera ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu.

Alloy Steel F9 zoponderezedwa ndiofatsa kukula poyerekeza ndi zina zodzikongoletsera. Chifukwa chake, astme A182 F9 mawonekedwe akhungu amakonda kukhala abwino kwa malo ogwirira ntchito.

Duptux wosapanga dzimbiri umapereka kukana kwabwino kwambiri ku kutukudwa pamodzi ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri, yomwe imalola kuphatikizika kopepuka komanso kusinthasintha kwakukulu. Ndi kukana kwakukulu kumeneku, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimapereka nthawi yambiri yopanda chitsulo kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Makina osapanga dzimbiri

Kuphatikiza kwa gawo lamphamvu ndi gawo la Austetic kumapereka mphamvu zambiri komanso zolimba kwambiri.

S32750 S32760 Super Duptux dambo wosapanga matope osakhazikika

Izi zimanenedwa kuti ndi zokambirana za alloy ma flanges opanikizika ndi ntchito. The 3% carbon zomwe zili m'mitundu iyi imapereka malo ambiri owoneka bwino, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu zawo zonse.

Mapaipi 254 amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina opanga masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso aloy 254 osuma amagwira ntchito yopanikizika kwambiri komanso malo okhala.

Izi Astme A234 WP9 WOPHUNZITSIRA MALO OGWIRITSIRA NTCHITO YOSAVUTA:

SB564 SIMST N02200 Flange Anoy 200 ali ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri, chomwe chidachipanga kukhala chotchuka m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Ma Nickel 200 amakhazikika, osasunthika, komanso amaliza bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, Astm B564 SP52200 N02200 Zisoka zakhungu zimalimbana ndi kutengera ndale komanso zotsatsa, zimapangitsa kukhala bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirizira. Ndife nickel wopanga ma nickel 200 ku China yemwe amapanga zojambulazo za kalasi yopatsidwa mu mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake, malinga ndi momwe kasitomala amafunikira. Gulu lathu la ophunzira limayang'anira njira yopangira nickel 200 kufinya mokomera kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi vuto lolondola komanso labwino. Amachititsanso mayesero a Certiquition kuti awonetsetse kuti ali ndi vuto la malonda musanapereke makasitomala.

Zimawonetsa kukana bwino kusalowerera ndale. Izi za alloy zimapanga mwa khumi ndi chimodzi, filimu yoteteza yomwe siyitalikirapo, koma imasunganso kukana kwa makutina kuposa kutentha.

Amaperekedwa muzovala, ili ndi mphamvu zokolola 80ksi (550PA), zomwe zimakhala zapamwamba kuposa ma gradekiti a austex.

Kuphatikiza kwa Titanium Statilulizations 825 motsutsana ndi mawonekedwe a omwe ali ndi vuto lopanga alloy kugonja molingana ndi kutentha kwa kutentha munjira zomwe zingakhudze zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
Nickel Anoney othamanga
Azerbaijani
Vietnamese
A belaruulian
Zopangidwa
Nilo \ / alloy k W.NR.: 1.3981
Kukula "OD: 1 \ / 2" "~ 48" "
Zopangidwa payipi
Puplex dambo osapanga zipilala 2205 chubu

Chromium yapamwamba, molybdenum ndi nayitrogeni imapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino kwambiri (zomwe zingachitike) zitsulo zokongoletsera ndi zotupa zosapanga dzimbiri, komanso kutentha kotsika kwambiri kuposa 50¡c.

Ictives 600 yozungulira ndi intoy-valkel-brad-cenel carburrization ndi kukana bwino kuwonongedwa kwakukulu. Zingwe zozungulira 600 zozungulira zimagwira ntchito kuyanika cl2 ndi mipweya ina yambiri yofananira ndi kutentha kwambiri. Alloy 600 bar ndi a chromial-cromiyal-cromiyal-cromiyal-chloride bwino oxidation ndi kukana ku chloride kuwonongeka kwa chloride kugwa, ukhondo wamadzi acid kumatentha.

Zomwe zikutanthauza kuti munthu ayenera kudziwa ngati zitsulo zotchinga zitsulo ndizovuta kuti mukwaniritse umphumphu komanso kufunikira kwa zitsulo zoyenera kumadziwika kuti chromium Molbdenom chitsulo.

Pofuna kufafanizira mapaipi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa payipi yolunjika pa mapaipi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma piipelines osiyanasiyana, mapaipi osiyanasiyana ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamene mapaipiwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, chikopa chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha kukula kwa mapaipi. Mukamacheza, chipika chanjira zitatu chowonekacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholumikizira cholumikizira, kuti chikhazikitse chipani cholumikizirana kapena kukula kwa nthawi yayitali komanso cholumikizira cholumikizira cha mapaipi. , Pakulumikizana ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, palinso zolumikizira ndi mapulagini a gawo la chida.

ASMM A312 TP316 ndi njira yokhazikika ya msoko, komanso kuzizira kwambiri osakhazikika opaleshoni ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri ndi ntchito wamba. Chitoliro chosawoneka bwino mafakitale chimapangidwa kuchokera ku chromium, nickel, ndi molybdenum, omwe amapereka SS Quams Stuam Turnion ku kutukula ndi dzimbiri.
Nickel 200 ma flanges
Azerbaijani
Vietnamese
A belaruulian
Zopangidwa
Nilo \ / alloy k W.NR.: 1.3981
A789 S31803 ndi S320205 BUM
Zopangidwa payipi
Puplex dambo osapanga zipilala 2205 chubu
Asme B16.5 Alloy Steel Flange ya kutentha kwambiri
KOR8367 SUMFY SUBE AL6XN WOPHUNZITSIRA

Zitsulo zopangira zimapereka mwayi woyenera kuyeretsa, kuyeserera kapena kusintha. Nthawi zambiri amabwera motsatana koma amathanso kubwera m'magulu osiyanasiyana komanso amakona. Ma flanges amalumikizidwa wina ndi mnzake pobowola komanso wolumikizidwa ndi makina opukusa ndi kuwotcherera kapena kuluma ndipo amapangidwira kusokonekera kwamphamvu; 150lb, 300lb, 400lb, 600LB, 900LB, 1500LB ndi 2500Lb.

Nickel kutengera 800 inclooy chitoliro chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi kukana bwino kuwonongeka. Makamaka kuyankhula, chisumbulu 800 chitoliro chimapereka kukana mokwanira zotsutsana ndi ma carburization onse komanso oxidation kutukula.

Kuwongolera kwamankhwala kumalola chiwonetserochi kuti chiwonetse bwino kukana kwa carburization, maxidations ndi malo okhala. 800ht sikudzakhazikika ngakhale atagwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali mu 1200-1600 deg kwa malo omwe zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala zopanda phokoso. Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri ozizira kwambiri omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi ma chromium-chromium omwe amawonetsedwa ndi 800ht. Pamene kuzizira kumapangitsa kuti kukula kwa njere kumatulutsa mawonekedwe osakonzedwa otchedwa "lalanje peel". 800ht imatha kuwikiridwa ndi njira wamba zogwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.

Chingwe chimakhala chachiwiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana pambuyo potalika. Ma flanges amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zolumikizira zolumikizira. Imapereka kusinthasintha kukonza. Flange imalumikiza chitoliro ndi zida ndi mavuvu osiyanasiyana. Kuledzera kumawonjezeredwa mu dongosolo lapaipi ngati kukonza pafupipafupi komwe kumafunikira pa ntchito yobzala.
Nickel 200 ma flanges
Azerbaijani
Vietnamese
A belaruulian
Zopangidwa
Nilo \ / alloy k W.NR.: 1.3981
A789 S31803 ndi S320205 BUM
Zopangidwa payipi
Puplex dambo osapanga zipilala 2205 chubu
Asme B16.5 Alloy Steel Flange ya kutentha kwambiri
Astm B564 N06625 Yopangidwa Kuphatikizidwa
Carbon Steel Flanger WN Flange RF R16.5 kalasi 300 Flange 600 Flange
...

Asme B36.19M ndiye wofanana ndendende ndi mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimafotokoza kukula kwake, kulolerana, ndi zomwe amapanga maenda owala komanso osaka.

Incoloy 800 kapena yotchedwanso ngati n08800, nickel 800 imatsutsana kwambiri ndi mankhwala komanso. Otchuka chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri kwamphamvu kwambiri pa kutentha kwamphamvu, aloy 800 amatsutsanso masidside, kuteteza komanso mitundu ina ya kutentha kwambiri.

Cholumikizira chopondera chimapangidwa ndi zitatu zolekanitsidwa komanso kudziyimira pawokha ngakhale zigawo zikuluzikulu; Makoma, ma gaskets, ndi oboola; omwe amasonkhana ndi zikopa zina, zoyenera. Zowongolera zapadera zimafunikira pakusankha ndikugwiritsa ntchito zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi cholumikizira, zomwe zili ndi zotayira zotayirira.

Mapulogalamu achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri ndi chinthu chosankha chonyamula madzi otchinga kapena udzi, ma slorries ndi mipweya yambiri, kutentha kwambiri kapena matupi obiriwira omwe akukhudzidwa. Chifukwa cha zokongoletsa za chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitoliro nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga.

Chitsito chopanda maziko cha 316 chakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa gawo la mafakitale. Chitsulo ichi ndi chrome chimadziwika kuti ndikukana kwake kuvunda, komanso kukhazikika kwake. 316 Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimatha kupangidwa muzosaso komanso machubu owuma kuti akwaniritse zosowa zapadera za kasitomala.