\ / 5 kutengera

FSTELOLLOY C276 Woonda wowonda amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Marine, Aerospace, mankhwala kukonza mankhwala, zida zowongolera za nyukiliya, ndi zina zambiri.

FOSTELOLOY B2 imaletsa mapangidwe a pharbider yamagalimoto a carbidere am'miniti yolumikizidwa, ndikupangitsa kukhala koyenera kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri mu mkhalidwe wa mankhwalawo. Magawo owoneka owoneka bwino amachepetsa mpweya wa carbides ndi magawo ena kuti awonetsetse kutsutsana kwa kuvota.

ASTM A312 \ / A312m, ovomerezeka chifukwa cha zosawoneka, zowoneka bwino, zimapanga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndikupanga kusankha kwa mitundu yopanda madzi.
Kuimbira 36: Opanda K93600, W.NR 1.3912

Incrooy 800h Valnge Tili ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

Chitoliro chowoneka bwino chimapangidwa kuti chijambulidwe patsamba kumapeto kwake ndikulumikizani mapaipe (s) ndikulola kusintha njira kapena kuthirira kapena kutha.

Zimawonetsa kukana bwino kusalowerera ndale. Izi za alloy zimapanga mwa khumi ndi chimodzi, filimu yoteteza yomwe siyitalikirapo, koma imasunganso kukana kwa makutina kuposa kutentha.

Zinthu zolimbitsa thupi zimakhala ndi mphamvu kwambiri ya 930mm ndi zochepa zolimbitsa mphamvu ya 517mka. Zinthu zamphamvu izi zilinso ndi madigiri 1350 akusungunuka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mabowo azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zina zolimba komanso zovuta.

Mphamvu yayikulu ndi kutupa kwa al-6xn alloy zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kuposa zitsulo zosapanga ma duplex ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosungirako mpweya wabwino kwambiri.

Alloy B2 alinso ndi kukana kozama ndikumapanikizika. Mapaipi am'madzi am'mapazi agwiritsidwa ntchito, mizere yamagetsi, mafakitale opangira magalimoto, mafakitale omanga ndi zolinga zina.

Imatha kupirira mankhwala osiyanasiyana osakhazikika komanso osasinthasintha, ndikuwonetsa kukana kwakukulu ndikumenya ndi Crevice pamaso pa chlorides ndi ma halides ena.

Asme B36.19M ndiye wofanana ndendende ndi mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimafotokoza kukula kwake, kulolerana, ndi zomwe amapanga maenda owala komanso osaka.

Palibe chiopsezo cha intercrystalline kuzirala kapena kuwotchetsera zitsulo zotsekemera (monga) f12 slie-flanges otsika chifukwa cha mapangidwe osiyanasiyana omwe amafunidwa koma osafunikira sichofunikira.

Magalasi okhazikika - omwe adayikapo sayansi-nickel-cobalt matobala, Kovar Smows, ali ndi mzere wowonjezera wowonjezera wofanana ndi galasi lolimba mkati mwa kutentha kwina

Kenako kuyenera kukhala gawo la kachitidwe koyendetsa madzi (mafuta, gasi, nthunzi, macheza, ...) mtunda wautali kapena wautali.

Chitsito chopanda maziko cha 316 chakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa gawo la mafakitale. Chitsulo ichi ndi chrome chimadziwika kuti ndikukana kwake kuvunda, komanso kukhazikika kwake. 316 Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimatha kupangidwa muzosaso komanso machubu owuma kuti akwaniritse zosowa zapadera za kasitomala.

ASTM B16.5 B16.47 A182 F316L WN ALTOY STOY STOY STOY STOY STEL A FPE FELOY STEL A F5 F9 F11 F11 F91380 1.73380

Chitoliro cha HT chimapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu ngati anyezi A106 GR.B Mipaipi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga mafuta etc. Mapaipi amayang'aniridwa ndi miyezo yabwino yowongolera. Ayenera kukwaniritsa zolimba zolimba za kulondola pang'ono, mphamvu, ndi kukana kuwonongeka kuonetsetsa kudalirika kwawo.

Invalsel 718 ndi alloy-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu apamwamba monga Aweslospace ndi majini agalu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga a Ism B670 Invelve 718 ndiye kuti mbale yogubuduza. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya mbale za Intery18 zomwe zilipo pamsika: kuwotcha mbale zowombera.

Chitoliro chachitsulo & chubu
ASSE: K94610 Astm F15
Othamanga opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amafunikira carbidic mankhwala a bar kuti apirizidwe, kapena mankhwala othandizira pambuyo poti atumize mitu yopangidwa.
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ASMM A312 TP316 ndi njira yokhazikika ya msoko, komanso kuzizira kwambiri osakhazikika opaleshoni ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri ndi ntchito wamba. Chitoliro chosawoneka bwino mafakitale chimapangidwa kuchokera ku chromium, nickel, ndi molybdenum, omwe amapereka SS Quams Stuam Turnion ku kutukula ndi dzimbiri.

ASTM A333 GR.3 ndi lingaliro la mapaipi otsika maboni otenthetsera omwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito pofunsira ntchito pomwe kutentha kumatha kuyenda ngati -45 ° C. Asme sa 106 kaboni chitsulo. B mapaipi pansi pa izi amapangidwa kuchokera ku ma albon alloy zinthu zachitsulo ndipo adapangidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafunikira kudekha ndikulimbana ndi kutentha pang'ono. Mapangidwe a GR.3 mu chiganizo amatanthauza kuti ochepera omwe ali ndi mphamvu.

Izi zimathandizira kuthana ndi sulufuric acid. Ilinso ndi mawu apamwamba kwambiri, kuti apititsenso kukana kwake kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi njira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mitsinje yolimba ndi mpweya wosungunuka.

Kutentha kwambiri pamaso pa oxidiation, nyimbo za Tiotanium ndi Niobichi wa film ya oxide pa Islefer 625 zimawonjezeka kwambiri kupanga chilengedwe.

Chitoliro choyenera chipewa
304 Nphwemba zopondapondazikulu zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, zinthu wamba komanso zodziwika bwino muzogwiritsidwa ntchito zambiri zamakampani zomwe zimafunikira kukana kuwonongeka ndi oxidation. Nyansiweli iyi ya S30400 imakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera ndi njira, zomwe zikuwonetsetsa kuti ndi olondola komanso odalirika.

Zizindikiro za Nickel-Copy-Copy 400 monol 2.4360 molunjika rod ndiyabwino kwambiri opsinjika ku chloride ku chloride movutikira mukakumana ndi zowononga m'matumbo. Monl 400 ndi a Haloy ndi Nickel omwe amadziwika masiku ano chifukwa cha ntchito yake yayitali. Alloy ali ndi kukana bwino acid ndi alkali. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi mphamvu zabwino zokhala ndi mphamvu, duckity, kukhala waulimi wabwino kwambiri, ndipo imatha kuumitsidwa ndi ntchito yozizira. Kuphatikiza apo, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poizona ndi kutentha kuyambira kuchotsera mpaka 538 digiri Celsius.

Al6xn ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosakhazikika ku chloride pansi, crevice kutukuka komanso kupsinjika kuwonongeka. Al6xn ndi Alloy a 6 wokhazikika womwe umapangidwa ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta. Ili ndi Nickel (24%), Molybdenum (6.3%), nayitrogeni ndi chromium yomwe imapangitsa kuti zisautso, chloride pansi. Al6xn imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokana zolimba komanso zopondera ku chlorisi. Ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

Kuchulukitsa kwa titanium ndi pafupifupi 60% yomwe ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi nickel polosys, kupulumutsa thupi kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chodziwika bwino pakugwiritsa ntchito monga Arrospace.

Aloy 800 wedy wedy timakhala ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

Nthawi zambiri N08367 imatchedwanso Al6xn Al6xn ndi kaboni yotsika, yoyera kwambiri, nulytel-molybdenum yolimbana ndi crevice.

Ma coil 625 amadziwika ndi kukana kwake kwabwino kwa oxidation, kutentha kwambiri komanso kutopa. ASTM B443 SANDO N06625 SIVELEILE imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu anthospace, mankhwala kutengera ndi mafuta ndi mafakitale chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri.

316l 1.4401 s31603 Chipika chosapanga dzimbiri ndi njira yolimba komanso yolimba yofananira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazosiyanasiyana za mafakitale ndi malonda. Izi s31603 chitoliro chimapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zapamwamba za 316l osapanga dzimbiri mosapanga dzimbiri mosapanga chipongwe, oxidation ndi chomata, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino m'malo mwazinthu zovuta kapena zovuta.

Mapaipi 254 amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina opanga masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso aloy 254 osuma amagwira ntchito yopanikizika kwambiri komanso malo okhala.

Nilo Anoy 36, w.NR 1.3912, Inciar 36 ® ndi chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chomwe chili ndi 36% Nickel ndipo ali ndi gawo la kufalikira kwa gawo limodzi la chitsulo cha kaboni pafupifupi.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chotchuka chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwake kwa makina abwino komanso kukana kwakukulu m'makampani opangira mafakitale, monga kupanga mitundu yamadzi oyenda pansi.

Chingwe chopanda kusefukirachi ndi austetic chromium nickel chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe chili ndi maxidation kukana ndi kukana bwino. Chifukwa cha Chromium ndi Nickel, ali ndi mphamvu zambiri, amatha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ali ndi kutentha kwambiri kukana.
Lembani chitoliro chopanda pake
www.htpipe.es
Chitoliro chowala
Chubu chowala
Kovar Aloy 4j29
Nickel alloy pipe & chubu
Kukula OD: 1 \ / 2 "~ 48" "
Makulidwe: Sch5 ~ schxxs
SA333 gr 3 miyala yamkaka yamkaka yomwe imapereka
ANI B16.5 CODOY C2000 kuchepetsa zopondera zowongolera zapadziko lonse lapansi
Astm A333, Astm A333 Chipamba, Chitoliro cha Carbon Steel
Mapaso opanda pake ndi Astm A312 tp316 tde316 tdedied paipi
Kusindikiza mating ndi magalasi olimba

Kusintha kwake ndiko chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, komanso mphamvu yake yabwino kwambiri komanso yopanda tanthauzo.

Allows Steel SA 182 F9 Bar ndi a Ferritic Smoel bar, zomwe zinatengedwa. Mitengo iyi ndi chitsulo cholemedwa chomwe chimapangidwa kutentha kwambiri komanso kukakamizidwa.

304 Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndiye chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Zitsulo zimakhala ndi zonse ziwiri zachitsulo (pakati pa 18% ndi 20%) ndi nickel (pakati pa 8% ndi 10,5%). Ndi chitsulo chosakhazikitsa dzimbiri. SS304 imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mitsempha, mawilo amayenda bwino.

Asme Sa335 P9 Anoy Steel Seamless Speisent ndikuyesedwa molingana ndi mayeso a Tnsile, Kuyeserera kwachitsulo, kapangidwe kake ka magazi, zoyeserera, etrany, etrany.

Nickel 200 Amalongosola Nickel 200 Malawi amakhala olimba, osasunthika, ndipo amaliza bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, Astm B564 SP52200 N02200 Zisoka zakhungu zimalimbana ndi kutengera ndale komanso zotsatsa, zimapangitsa kukhala bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirizira.

Kutsitsa kwa carbon zomwe zakhala ndikuwonjezera nayitrogeni mu chiwalo cha ASME B16.11 CL3000 A182 F304L SIYAMIZA PAKUTI, ndi zomwe zimabweretsa zosintha mu Alloy. Choyamba, kaboni wotsika amapereka momasuka ndi kuwotcherera.

Asme B16.5 A105 A105 Tsisi Yosautsa Akhungu ndi NTHAWI YOSAVUTA WAN Flange 3 \ / inch 150lb

A105 ndi nambala yakuthupi, imakhala ya chitsulo chapadera, ndi kuzizira kokhazikika. A105 ndi odekha ofatsa ofanana ndi zitsulo 20.

Kuwala ndi mphete ya chitsulo (kupangidwa kuchokera ku mbale, kapena yolumikizidwa) kupangidwira zigawo za chitoliro, kapena kuti mulowetse chitoliro cha sitimayo, misonkhano ina kapena pamsonkhano wina wophatikizika. Zowawa zimaphatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake, ndipo kumapazi polowera kapena kupukusa (kapena kumasula pomwe madotolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito). Chitani chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimasankhidwa kukhala SS nyambo, amatanthauza ma mbengo omwe adapanga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Miyezo yodziwika bwino ndi Stadem ndi Asso A182 REPE F304 \ / l ndi 300

La Aleacion k500 tanene aproximamenteres Tys (3) veker en en elescon el tradel on prtivaimientode.

Iswees osawoneka bwino kwambiri a sing'anga osawoneka N06600 ndi Astm B167 ndi omwe amapangidwa kuti apirire kwambiri ndikubwera ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu.

Astm A516 CS 70 magiredi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana monga milatho, nyumba, mabatani, zida zonyamula, mapaipi omanga, zojambula zopangira, ndi zida zamagetsi, etc.

Kugonjetsedwa kwa Prososion Fretelloy kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mafakitale a mankhwala. Kufunika koyenera kumabweretsa mwayi wovomerezeka ndi mphamvu zawo, thanzi komanso zachilengedwe, mafuta ndi mpweya, mafakitale a mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Sch40 Monol 400 chitoliro chimasankhidwa kukhala nambala ya Werkstoff 2.4360 ndi N04400. Chipika 400 chimadziwikanso kuti Monil Anoy chitoliro cha 400, Monl 400 Pipe & Nickel Chitoliro 400.

Izi zophatikiza ndi mtengo wake woyatsira zimapangitsa anyezi A333 gr 3 chitoliro cha HT chitoliro cha HT chimakhala bwino m'mafakitale oyendera. Kuphatikiza pa kaboni kwambiri, izi zimapezeka ndi manganese ambiri limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa sulfur ndi phosphorous. Microstruction yabwino ya tirigu yomwe imaperekedwa mu ASYM A333 kalasi 3 wochepera 3 chotsika chitoliro cha ma yunifolomu. Chizindikiro chomwe chimaphimba kutentha kwa ma carbon chitsulo chachitsulo ndi a Austm A333. Onse osowa osawoneka bwino komanso owala bwino m'lingaliro ili amapangidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kutentha pang'ono.

Cholumikizira chopondera chimapangidwa ndi zitatu zolekanitsidwa komanso kudziyimira pawokha ngakhale zigawo zikuluzikulu; Makoma, ma gaskets, ndi oboola; omwe amasonkhana ndi zikopa zina, zoyenera. Zowongolera zapadera zimafunikira pakusankha ndikugwiritsa ntchito zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi cholumikizira, zomwe zili ndi zotayira zotayirira.

Chingwe chimakhala chachiwiri chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana pambuyo potalika. Ma flanges amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zolumikizira zolumikizira. Imapereka kusinthasintha kukonza. Flange imalumikiza chitoliro ndi zida ndi mavuvu osiyanasiyana. Kuledzera kumawonjezeredwa mu dongosolo lapaipi ngati kukonza pafupipafupi komwe kumafunikira pa ntchito yobzala.
A335 p91
www.htpipe.es
Chitoliro chowala
Chubu chowala
Kovar Aloy 4j29
Nickel alloy pipe & chubu
Kukula "OD: 1 \ / 2" "~ 48" "
Makulidwe: Sch5 ~ schxxs
SA333 gr 3 miyala yamkaka yamkaka yomwe imapereka

A182 ndi gawo logawika kapena lotulutsidwa. Timapereka F11 Alloy Steel zojambula ndi mpweya mpaka 3%, zomwe zimapereka malo osokoneza bongo kuti apititse patsogolo chidwi komanso chitsimikizo, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zawo zonse.

Chromium yapamwamba, molybdenum ndi nayitrogeni imapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino kwambiri (zomwe zingachitike) zitsulo zokongoletsera ndi zotupa zosapanga dzimbiri, komanso kutentha kotsika kwambiri kuposa 50¡c.
FOSTELLOY C22 imalumikizana ndi makasitomala olemekezeka, omwe amapangidwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito dambo wopanga dzimbiri.
Lembani chitoliro chopanda pake
www.htpipe.es
Chitoliro chowala
Chubu chowala
Kovar Aloy 4j29
Nickel alloy pipe & chubu
Kukula OD: 1 \ / 2 "~ 48" "
Makulidwe: Sch5 ~ schxxs
SA333 gr 3 miyala yamkaka yamkaka yomwe imapereka
ANI B16.5 CODOY C2000 kuchepetsa zopondera zowongolera zapadziko lonse lapansi
KOR8367 SUMFY SUBE AL6XN WOPHUNZITSIRA

FSTEOLLOY C2000 ikupezeka mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe amtunduwu, mtundu uwu wa chromium-molybdenum aroyoy amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso kukana.

Kuwala ndi mphete ya chitsulo (kupangidwa kuchokera ku mbale, kapena yolumikizidwa) kupangidwira zigawo za chitoliro, kapena kuti mulowetse chitoliro cha sitimayo, misonkhano ina kapena pamsonkhano wina wophatikizika. Zowawa zimaphatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake, ndipo kumapazi polowera kapena kupukusa (kapena kumasula pomwe madotolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito). Chitani chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimasankhidwa kukhala SS nyambo, amatanthauza ma mbengo omwe adapanga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Miyezo yodziwika bwino ndi Stadem ndi Asso A182 REPE F304 \ / l ndi 300

Aloy 926 (1.4529) ndi malo abwino a 316l pomwe kukana kwakukulu kutukudwa kumafunikira popanda kulimba. Alloy 926 othamanga amatengedwa alloy alloy (6-molybdenum kapena 6% molybdenum), zofanana ndi mlongo zitsulo, izi 6.
Lembani chitoliro chopanda pake
www.htpipe.es
Chitoliro chowala
Chubu chowala
Kovar Aloy 4j29
Nickel alloy pipe & chubu
Kukula OD: 1 \ / 2 "~ 48" "
Makulidwe: Sch5 ~ schxxs
SA333 gr 3 miyala yamkaka yamkaka yomwe imapereka
ANI B16.5 CODOY C2000 kuchepetsa zopondera zowongolera zapadziko lonse lapansi
TuBO Acero de Niquel Fritelloy C276 N10276

Alloy 800 ndi a nickeum-chromiam almoy mphamvu ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana kwa oxidation ndi kutupa kwambiri. ASTM B407 SINE N08800 infoloy 800 WR. 1.4876 Chitoliro chowala bwino chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga zida zofuna kukana kuchuluka, kukana kutentha, mphamvu, komanso kukhazikika pakuchita nawo ntchito mpaka 1500 ° C).
Zithunzi zachitsulo zimamveka ngati kuti: zitsulo zomwe zimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zoyatsirana. Nthawi zambiri, zoyatsira zinthu zina zimapangitsa kuti zitsulo zikhale zolimba komanso zoopsa. Ngakhale njira zokongola kwambiri zimaphatikizapo nickel, chromium, molybdenum, manganese, silicon ndi mkuwa, zinthu zina zambiri zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga chitsulo.
Chingwe chimakhala chokwera, milomo kapena rim, kunja kwa zakunja kapena mkati, zomwe zimathandiza kuwonjezera mphamvu (monga mtengo wamtambo kapena t-bat); Kuti mulumikizidwe mosavuta \ / kusamutsa kwa kulumikizana ndi chinthu china (monga chowala kumapeto kwa chitoliro, scal cylinder, etc., kapena pamunda wa mandala); kapena pokhazikitsa ndikuwongolera mayendedwe a makina kapena mbali zake (monga tambala mkati mwagalimoto kapena gudumu la tram, zomwe zimapangitsa mawilo kuti asamayendetse njanji). Mawu akuti "Flange" imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chida chogwiritsidwa ntchito chopanga ma flanges.

Mafuta a Intelsel 718 ndi azaka zolimbana ndi ma nickel-pochokera kumadera otukuka kumene maxidation ndi ma bolts ogonjetsedwa owonongeka amafunikira, ngakhale atapanikizika komanso kutentha kwambiri. Mafuta a 718 ndi amphamvu kwambiri monga Intelfee 625 ndi mtedza ndipo amadziwika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamphamvu ndi 1800¡f. Mtedza wa Intelleel 718 nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa ndi mafakitale chifukwa cha kutentha kwawo kwamphamvu mphamvu, kumaperekanso mphamvu ndi kutentha kochepa.

Inter 36 ® ndi chitsulo-chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chomwe chili ndi 36% Nickel, IMPARS 36 ili ndi zochulukirapo pakukula kwa kutentha kwa a Crogenic pafupifupi + 260 ° C).

Kuwala ndi mphete ya chitsulo (kupangidwa kuchokera ku mbale, kapena yolumikizidwa) kupangidwira zigawo za chitoliro, kapena kuti mulowetse chitoliro cha sitimayo, misonkhano ina kapena pamsonkhano wina wophatikizika. Zowawa zimaphatikizidwa wina ndi mnzake, ndipo kumapazi polowera kapena kupukusa (kapena kumasula pomwe madotolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito). Chitani chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimasankhidwa kukhala SS nyambo, amatanthauza ma mbengo omwe adapanga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Miyezo yodziwika bwino ndi Stadem ndi Asso A182 REPE F304 \ / l ndi 300