S31803 Flange

ASTM A240 Type 2205 Plate is a duplex stainless simbi simbi iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri emakemikari akadai sekuongorora kwemakemikari, kuongorora kwegasi, uye muinjiniya ekumaini. SA 240 GR 2205 pepa rinogadzirwa kubva kuGrade 2205 Simbi isina simbi, iyo iri musanganiswa wesimbi uye autenitic simbi.

Inconel 718 is a nickel-chromium-yakavakirwa-yakavakirwa mari inowanzo shandiswa mukunyorwa-tembiricha zvakakura senge erispace uye gasi turbines. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kweASTM B670 Inconel 718 Sheet ndiyo ndiro iri rolling maitiro. Kune marudzi maviri makuru emapurasiti 718 mahwendefa anowanikwa pamusika: kupisa kwakapetwa uye kutonhora zvakapetwa mahwendefa.

316L 1.4401 S31603 Stainless Steel pombi inzvimbo inoverengeka uye yekubhadhara pombi inowanzo shandiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa maindasitiri uye dzekutengesa. Iyi SS uns s31603 pombi inogadzirwa kubva kune yakakwirira mhando 316l simbi simbi ine simba rakanakisa kuCorrosion, oxidation uye yakaita kuti ive yakakodzera nharaunda dzakaoma kana dzakanyanya kushushikana.

Inconel 625 Coil inoonekwa nekukanganisika kwaro kurwisa oxidation, yakakwira-tembiricha corroson uye kupera simba. ASTM B443 Uns n0662 incangen Plate inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muAerospace, maindasitiri emakemikari uye maaini uye kuoma uye kuomarara uye kusimba kunyange munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa.

Alloy 800 is a Nickel-simbi-Chromium Alloy ine simba rakanyanya uye rakanyanya kupokana ne oxidation uye corrosion pakupisa kwakanyanya. ASTM b407 uns n08800 incoloy 800 W. nr. 1.4876 Yakatemwa Pombi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya zvekuvakwa kwemidziyo inoda kuramba kupokana, kupisa kupesana, simba, uye kugadzikana kwebasa kusvika 1500 ° F (816 ° C).

Iyo 316 isina mbiya yesimbi yave iri chinhu chakakosha chekereke yeindasitiri. Uku kuwanda kwesimbi uye chrome kunozivikanwa nekukanganisika kwakakura kuonga, pamwe nekuimba kwaro. "

Kurumidza c2000 machubhu anoshandiswa mune yakawedzera huwandu hweshanduru yekusanganisira petrochemical kugadziriswa, makemikari ekugadzirisa michina kugadzira, mafuta enyeredzi uye zvidyarwa zvemafuta.

Kurumidza kuC2000 kunowanikwa mune dzakasiyana-siyana saizi uye gobvu, rudzi urwu rwechromini-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum

Al6xn is SuperAdyaTic STOLLess STOL isina simba rekupokana ku chloride pomber, crevic corrosion uye kusagadzikana corrosion kupaza. Al6xn ndeye 6 moly Alloy iyo yakagadziriswa uye inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzinotyisa kwazvo. Iyo ine yakakwira nickel (24%), molybdenamu (6.3%), nitrogen uye zvirimo zvirimo zvinopa kupokana kushamisira, Al6xn inonyanya kushandiswa kune yayo yakavandudzwa pombi uye crevice corrosion kuramba mu chlorides. Iyo inzvimbo inoyevedza uye inotyisa isina simba.

Unt n08367 zvinowanzoitika seyakajairika al6xn is a lowl kabhoni, yekunyora "

Mapuro 254 mapepa anogona kutsungirira kushushikana kwakakwirira uye alloy 254 sm

Izvi zvinopa zvakanyatsosimbiswa kuramba kuSulfutic acid. Iyo ine zvakare yakakwira zvemukati, kuti uwedzere kupokana ne oxidizing makemikari uye maitiro ehova dzakasvibiswa neFerric ion uye yakanyungudika oksijeni.

Izvo zvinokwanisa kutsungirira huwandu hwakawanda hwekuita oxidizing uye zvisiri-oxidizing makemikari, uye zvinoratidzira kuramba kwakanyanya kudzikisira uye kurwiswa kwechikepe pamberi pehuku uye kumwe kudziya.

Iyo inoratidza kupokana kwakanaka kune vasina kwavakarerekera uye kuderedza nharaunda. Aya maitiro aya anogadzira iyo ine mhuru, yefirimu rinodzivirira risingabvumirwe, asi rinochengetedza oxidation kupokana nekunyanyisa kupisa.

Iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muBegshore mafuta uye gasi kuongorora \ / / kugadzirwa uye mune yekushambadzira kuchinjanisa muPetrochemical \ /Memical kugadziriswa.

Titanium yeTitanium inenge 60% iyo yeStusless Simbi uye Nickel Alloys, uremu uhu hunoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira mukushandisa kwakadai sekusarongeka.

Inconel mazana matanhatu emasaini emasumbo extucum yetube of standard unt n06600 uye ASTM

Sch40 Monil 400 Pipe yakasarudzwa seWerkstoff Nhamba 2.4360 uye uns n04400. Alloy 400 pombi inozivikanwa seMameni Alloy 400 Pipe, Mhel 400 pombi & Nickel Alloy 400 pombi.

Mapepa ePepa reApple ane yepamusoro-yepamusoro-kubereka kugona uye simba pamusoro pemamwe mamakisi.

Yakakwira Chromium, Molybdenum uye nitrogen yezvinyorwa zvinopa mukudzikisira kwakaenzana nhamba (40, kupa zvakakwirira kudzikisira kugona kuAustenitic uye duplex stainly media, uye tembiriro rakadzora kupfuura 50¡¡¡.

Kurumidza Alloys Directory
Iyo Corrosion inodzivirira nekukurumidza Alloys inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nemaindasitiri emakemikari ekugadzirisa kwemakemikari. Kudikanwa kwekuita kwakavimbika kunotungamira mukugamuchirwa kwavo uye kukura munzvimbo dzesimba, hutano uye nemafuta uye gasi uye firmace fashformation maindasitiri.

Incoloy 800h Flange isu tine mukurumbira akasimba muindasitiri yekugadzira yakakwirira-mhando mafirita emhando dzakasiyana dzaigona kukodzera zvinodiwa nevatengi vedu. Isu tinogadzira incoloy 800 flanges iyo yakavimbika uye yakakwira mumhando. Isu tinoshandisa mari dzekutanga uye temberi yemachina ekugadzira ASTM B564 uns n08800 incoloy 800 flanges.

Alloy 800 Weld mitsipa inovhenekera isu tine mukurumbira wakasimba mune indasitiri yekugadzira yakakwira-mhando mafirita emhando dzakasiyana dzaigona kukodzera zvinodiwa nevatengi vedu. Isu tinogadzira incoloy 800 flanges iyo yakavimbika uye yakakwira mumhando. Isu tinoshandisa mari dzekutanga uye temberi yemachina ekugadzira ASTM B564 uns n08800 incoloy 800 flanges.

Nickel 200 inodonha iyo Nickel 200 malipi anokwenenzverwa, akaiswa pasi, uye iva nekupera kwakanaka. Zvakare, iyo ASTM B564 UNONS N02200 Flanges inopesana neCollan yekuita Corrosion mukurerekera uye exidiing nharaunda, kuita kuti vave vakakwana pakubata kwemidziyo yekubata.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha cheN08800 incoloy Alloy 800 inotonhora yakamanikidzwa kupokana kuClongine ION kusawirirana neCorrosion inoenderana neCorros
Type ndiro, pepa, Strip Coil
Urefu 0 ~ 12m kana sekuda kwako zvinodiwa
Upamhi 0 ~ 2500mm kana sekuda kwako
Kuzeza 0,3 ~ 1200mm kana sekuda kwako zvinodiwa

Inconel 600 is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy ine zvakanakisa kupesana, oxidation kuramba uye simba rakakwirira pakupisa kwakakwirira. Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira kwazvo nickel zvemukati, inconel 600 inonyanya kupokana ne chloride ion inoshungurudza corrosion kupaza. Zera rakaomarara harina kudikanwa seisingabvumirwe 600 rakaomeswa uye rakasimbiswa nebasa rinotonhora chete. Iyo inconel 600 inogona kushanda mukupisa kunge yakaderera se700¡¡¡ (370¡¡¡).
Standard s, aisi, din
DIAMETER 5 ~ 500mm
Kureba ¨q12m kana sezvinoita zvevatengi zvinodiwa

Kutenderera mabara anotonhora kukweverwa uye kuwedzerwa, inowanikwa mumatanda marefu kana kucheka kusvika pakukura. Alloy matenderedza anopa simba uye kurwisa kwakasiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana uye kunogona kushandiswa mufurati, muchina chikamu chekugadzira, yebasa rekudya uye zvinyorwa zvekurapa.
Standard s, aisi, din
DIAMETER 5 ~ 500mm
Kureba ¨q12m kana sezvinoita zvevatengi zvinodiwa

Mabhizinesi mazhinji anofarira chokwadi icho chisingaonekwi mazana matanhatu esimba rakanyanya. Naizvozvo iyo alloy inoshandiswa mune akati wandei maindasitiri anoverengeka mumhando dzakasiyana siyana kusanganisira iyo yakakurumbira incavel 600 pombi. Kuvakwa kweiyi mapaipi kunogona kuve kwakashongedzwa kana kuti vaigona kusungwa. Pane zvakanakira kushandisa zvese zviri zviviri. For i.e. Kuzvisarudzira kwemapipi ane mazana matanhatu emuchadenga, ari mune zvekushandisa panoita kuti hupfumi hunobatsira kwazvo. Kunyangwe yakachipa kupfuura isina kuvakwa imwe, mapaipi aya ane seam Longitinal seam, iyo yaigona kuve ichikanganiswa nekudyidzana corrosion - kana ivo vasina kugadziriswa. Mune mamiriro ezvinhu, uko mutengi anoda fomu yepamusoro yekuparadzira kwecorosion uye kugona kutsungirira kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro, incroone 600 yemusungwa musungwa pombi ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka sarudzo.
Nyora seamless pombi
Seamless Tube
Yakatemwa Pombi
Welded Tube
Saw lSAw erw efw
Yakatemerwa Magumo, Kupera Kwemugumo "
Saizi OD: 1 \ / 2 "" ~ 48 ""
Bickness: Sch5 ~ Schxxs
"Kureba: sezvaunoda."
Kugadzira maitiro ekupisa kupisa \ / HOT basa, kutonhora kutenderera
Kugadzira Standard ASME B36.10 ASME B36.20

Zvemaindasitiri zvinangwa zveindasitiri, mumapipi masisitimu, isu tinowanzoda kuchinja kutapurirana; dzora kuyerera kwemvura (mafuta negesi, mvura, matope); Vhura kana kuvhurika mapepa emapipi, nezvimwe.

Nickel yakavakirwa 800 incoloy hexagonal pombi inozivikanwa kuti uve nekudzikisira kwakanaka kuora. Kunyanya kutaura, iyo incocoy 800 pombi inopa kudzikisira kwakaringana kurwisa carburization pamwe ne oxidation corrosion.

Carbon Steel Flange rudzi rwe rim yakaumbwa pakupera kwepombi kana ichinge yakatarwa pombi. Izvo zvinoshandiswa kusimbisa magumo emapepa, maropa kana zvimwe zvinobatana. Iyo ine yakakwirira isina kusimba simba uye inowanikwa ne convex nzvimbo uye inotsigira kune nyore kuisirwa. Iyo inzvimbo yebaron-carbon alloy ine kusvika ku2,1 wt.% Kabhoni. Carbon Simbi haina madiki madiki madiki ezvimwe zvinhu zvekunyepedzera, asi zvinowanzove neManganese.

Uns S.2205 Duplex Steel Asme Steel Steel yakakodzera kumvura yegungwa uye zvigadziko zvemarudzi nekuti nzvimbo dzadzo dzakatsiga dzinogona kutsungirira temberi kusvika mazana matanhatu.

Kurumidza C-276 ndeye A NIM mo cr superloy yakawedzerwa neTungsten, iyo ine yakanakisa kurwisa kwakasiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzenzvimbo dzakaipisisa. Zvinyorwa zvakakwirira zveNi uye mo zvinoita kuti nileel alloy ichinyanya kupokana nekugadzirisa uye crevicer corrosion mukuderedza mamiriro ezvinhu, nepo cr anochinja mashandiro eanti-oxidation svikiro.

Kunyangwe molybdenum chinhu chakanaka, kushandiswa kwakanyanya kweinogona kuderedza iyo creep ductility ye gr f11 plate flanges. Graphifization uye kuora kwetambo yesimbi kunogona kuitika kana tembiricha inodarika mazana mashanu degrees celsius. Chromium yakawedzerwa sa182 F11 F11 Alloy Steel cl.2 Yakagadzirirwa Pipe Pipe Flanges kudzivirira kuderedza kuderedza kuderedza uye graphifization. Uye zvakare, iyo Chromomium yakawedzera inopawo oxidation kuramba.

Duplex Steel Flanges inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune yakashandiswa engineering, michina uye maindasitiri emotokari. Duplex Steel S31803 LAPL FLAGES yakanakira kuti application inoda kuti iri nani kupokana kupfuura mhando 316 uye yakanaka tembiricha yakakwira tembiricha. Tine Duplex Steel S31803 \ / s32205 flanges muhomwe. Duplex Simbi Flanges inowanzoshandiswa mune yemakemikari, petrochemical, uye maindasitiri emagetsi.

Nickel 200 mhinduro yakasimba yakasimbisa simbi. Nickel 200 Bar Stock ine 99.6% yakaratidza nickel nehuremu uye inoonekwa seyakachenesa yakachena nickel. Din 2.4066 bar ine yakanaka michina uye yemuviri zvivakwa. Semuenzaniso, ASTM B160 N022200 ine yakanakisa kuramba kune akawanda anokanganisa makomisheni pamwe nenharaunda dzakashata. Zvichakadaro, nickel 200 mhinduro yakasimba inosimbiswa yakagadzirwa nehasha iyo inogona kugadzirwa semabhawa akatenderedza uye matanda. Izvi zviviri zvikamu zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandurwa uye zvinogona kusiyaniswa kubva kune mamwe mabasa akakosha.

Nickel-Conver-based Alloy 400 Mazoni 2.4360 Cold Dy Dhizaina Immuney Immuney Hurlis-Corros Interness yekunetseka painenge ichisimbisa midhiya mune yakajairana nenhamba. Monil 400 is a copper uye nickel yakavakirwa alloy iyo inozivikanwa nhasi nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanyanya. Iyo Alloy ine yakanaka acid uye alkali kuramba. Mukuwedzera, ine simba rakanaka rakafanana, ductility, dhiziri rakanaka, uye rinogona kuomeswa nebasa rinotonhora. Pamusoro pezvo, inogona kushandiswa mune zvekushandisa nekupisa kubva kuIns kusvika ku533 degrees Celsius.

Nickel Alloy 400 uye Monil 400, inozivikanwawo seMunyuti N04400, iri DUCTICE ANICEL-BEPHER AllEY INYKEL NYKEL uye yechitatu-yechitatu yengozi. Nickel Alloy 400 inozivikanwa nekudzivirira kwayo kune akasiyana mamiriro ezvinhu akaora, kusanganisira Alkalis (kana acids), mvura yemunyu, hydrofluor acid, uye sulfuric acid. Sezvo Monil 400 kana Alloy 400 isimbi inotonhora yakashanda, uyu mutero ane kuomarara kwakanyanya, kuomarara nesimba. Nekutonhora

Inconel 6 00 ROPT Bar ndeye Nickel-yakavakirwa Alloy ine benign carburization uye yakanakisa corroson kuramba pane yakanyanya kupisa tembiricha. Inconel 600 matende ezvipfuyo zvinoshanda kupesana nekuomesa cl2 uye mamwe mamwe matsime akasiyana pakupisa uye kwakanyanya kupisa. Alloy 600 bar is a nickel-chromium acloy ine zvakanaka oxidation kupokana uye kuramba kuChroride yekudzvinyirira yekushambadzira, yakanyanya kuchena kwemvura corroson uye acid oxidation pakudziya kwakasimudzwa.

Nilo \ / Alloy K W.nr .: 1.3981
Unt: k94610 astm f15
Yakagadziriswa-Kuwedzera Girazi-Yakacheneswa Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Alloys, gadzira mutsara wekuwedzera anowedzera kufanana neiyo yegirazi rakaoma mukati meimwe tembiricha yekupisa
Kwekusimbisa kusimbisa girazi rine hard girazi

Nilo Alloy 36, WMR 1.3912, Invar 36® is a nickel-iron
Invar 36 Dziviso: Uns k93600, W.nr 1.3912

Zvakajairika Kutengeserana Mazita: Nickel Alloy 36, Invar 36®, Nilo 6®, Pernifer 6®
Invar 36® is the nickel-iron, yakaderera yekuwedzera maitiro ayo ine 36% Nickel, Invar
Invha 36 Tube OD: 0.2-6mm, WT: 0.02-2mm

Flange ndiyo zvikamu zvekuti pombi mbiri inopera, flange yekubatanidza inotsanangurwa neiyo flange, gasket uye bhayeti matatu yakabatana seboka rakabatanidzwa kuumbwa kwekubatanidza. Iyo gasket inowedzerwa pakati pezviviri zvekupenya uye ikazosungirirwa nemabhomba. Kumanikidza kwakasiyana kudzvanywa, ukobvu kwakasiyana, uye blumps dzinosiyana nezvipfuyo zvakanyorwa, zvakadai sekureva kwenyika Pombi, haina kugadzirwa kuti ifonze pombi yemvura seyakayerera mhando nhengo, asi hama diki, inogona kunzi seyakawedzera mhando zvikamu.

Ichi chikamu chezvinyorwa zvinosanganisira mamakisi 2205, F51, F53, uye F60. Dupplox Stainless yakawedzera mukurumbira pamusoro pemakore nekuda kwemakemikari akaomesesa uye manhamba emakemikari anopesana nezvakanyanya zvekutanga zvisina basa

Kunyangwe zvakakosha kuti urambe uchifunga kuti kupinza corrosion kunogona kuve kunetseka mu chloride mhinduro apo oxidizing media iripo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, iyo Passive (inodzivirira) denderedzwa reDuplex 2205 zvinhu zvinogona kukanganiswa mukukomba kwemukati kunogona kuitika.

Ivo vanopokana kune general corrosion. Isu tiri vatengesi veAsme sa182 Duplex Steel Uns S32205 Weld mitsipa inobhururuka kumvura yegungwa uye zvigadzirwa zvechizvarwa zvechizvarwa.

Iyo granular chimiro cheDuplex ndeyekupedzisira-austenite hybrid ine simba rakakwirira kune uremu neyekuwedzera nehuremu hwekunyora mune zvekushandisa mukuratidzira kutonhora kwekutonhora.

Duplex inowanzo kuwanikwa mukusuwa uye kudzvanywa midziyo yemidziyo iri mumaguta ematura.

Duplexăs premium mechaniki uye makemikari zvivakwa zvishoma zvinogadziriswa nekuomerwa kwayo mukuumbwa.

Aya mamakisi akanakisa ebasa rakareruka rakareruka, asi zvishoma zvishoma saka kana achiumba chimiro chakaomarara. Neraki, basa rekushanda kweDuplex muzvimiro zvakaoma uye zvakakomberedzwa zvakadzama nenyaya yakadzika simbi yakapihwa simbi yakapfava yesimbi yakapfava mune isina kunyorwa.

Duplex 2205 Flanges anogadzirwa kubva kuAustenitic-Fertitic Stainless Simbi, iyo yakagadzirirwa kuendesa simba repamusoro uye kupokana nekukora kupfuura mazana matatu akatevedzana stainless simbi.

Ose tese b16.5 uye asme b16.47 akasimbisa pombi yemapipi yakagadzirwa kubva kune yakatevedzana yeDuplex stainless simbi.

2205 inobatsira vashandisi kuti vadzivise kusimbisa kuora kupaza izvo zvinowanzoonekwa na136 uye 317.

Duplex 2205 Flanges inobatanidza hunhu hwekushamisika Corrosis

2205 Flange ane Gadziriso Kwakanaka Kudzivisa, Kurwisa Kwakanyanya kuChroride kushamwaridzana Corrosion kupaza, pamwe nekugadzirisa uye crevice corrosion.

2205 Flange ane Sulfide yakanaka yekusimbisa kurwisa kurwisa uye simba rakanyanya uye rakanaka kupera simba kuramba.

Duplex Simbi Flange inopa zvakare Wolkability yakanaka uye kushanda, yakakwirira simba rekuwedzera uye yakaderera yekuwedzera kuwedzera.

Mukuenzanisa neSS316, duplex 2205 yakaedzwa pasi pekudzosera kumashure kushushikana pamhepo tembiricha. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti iyo yekupera simba

Duplex 2225 Flanges inopa yakanaka sulfide corrosion kupesana, pamwe nekupambai uye crevice corrosion inopesana ne337l.

Austenitic-Fertitic isina kusiyana musiyano wepamusoro wecorosi yekukanganisa kupokana nekuenzanisa nekuenzanisa nguva nenguva neAustenitic 304 uye 316 stainless, asi nekuomarara kwakadzika uye kukanganisa simba.

Iko kusanganiswa kweChromium uye nitrogen kunopa Duplex 2205 inopa Dziviriro Yakanaka kubva kuChrori

The sa 182-F51 s31803 inouya pasi peApp

Kumanikidzwa kwezvinhu zvezvinyorwa zvinosarudzwa nemakirasi 150LB kuburikidza 2500LBS. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzeDuplex F51 Flanges dzakadai sedzakakwiridzwa kumeso, mhete yemhando yekubatanidza uye flat kumeso.

Mhando dzakasiyana dzemhando dzine zvadzo zvakanakira pombi dzekushandisa.

Iyo A182 F51 zvinyorwa ine kabhoni, 2% Manganese, phosphorus, Sulfur, 1% Silicon, Chromium ,5% Nickerl, 2.5% molybdenum uye nitrogen.

Nekuda kwekuumbwa kwezvinhu, simba uye kupokana kweuto, malipi aya anoshandiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa.

Zvikumbiro zvePlages zvinosanganisira peturu, petrochemical, mafuta uye gasi uye kumwe kukwirira kunoita mapipi.

A182 F51 Duplex Stainless Simbi Inoumbwa ne12% Chromium, 2.5% Molybdenum uye 4.5% Nickel-Nitrogen Alloy. Iyo ine simba rakanyanya, rakanyanya kukanganiswa uye rakanakisa rose uye kushushikana kwenzvimbo kurwisa.

Simba rechibereko rweDuplex Stainless Simbi yakapetwa kaviri yeAustenitic Stainless Simbi Simbi. Iyi ficha inobvumira vagadziri kuti vaderedze uremu kana kugadzira zvigadzirwa, kuita iyi alloy kudhura-inoshanda kupfuura 316, 317l.

Alloy iyi inonyanya kubatsira mu -50¡¡¡f \ / + 600¡¡ tembiricha tembiricha. Zvekushandisa kunze kweiyi tembiricha yekushisa, uyu alloy anogona zvakare kutariswa, asi pane zvimwe zvinorambidzwa, kunyanya kana zvichishandiswa pazvivakwa zvakavanzika.

Kuenzaniswa neAustenitic Stainless Simbi, F51 Duplex Stainless Simbi ine kaviri simba rekumanikidza, uye tichienzanisa ne316L uye 317l, mugadziri anogona kuderedza huremu hwayo.

F51 Duplex Stainless Simbi yakakodzera kushandiswa mune tembiricha renji ye -50¡¡¡)

Masisitimu ekushandisa weDuplex Stainless Simbi:
¡¤ Dzvinyiriro, dzakakwirira-dzvinyiriro dzekudzivirira matangi, mapipi ekudzvinyirira-kudzvinyirira mapipi, kupisa endass (makemikari ekugadzirisa maindasitiri).
¡¤ mafuta uye gasi pipi, kupisa kuchinjanisa fittings.
¡¤ Sewage kurapa kurapwa system.