Iipayipi ezingama-254 zinokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwendlela kunye ne-Alloty i-254 ye-pump ye-pump yoxinzelelo kwiqondo lobushushu kunye nezixhobo.

I-flange yi-rollge efihliweyo, imilebe okanye irayisi, nokuba ingaphandle okanye ingaphandle, isebenza ukonyusa amandla (njengeflethi ye-Iron okanye i-T-MAAM); Ukuncamathela ngokulula \ / ukudluliselwa kwendlela yoqhakamshelwano kunye nenye into (njenge-flange ekupheleni kombhobho, isilinda se-Steam, njl njl. okanye ukuzinzisa nokukhokela iintshukumo zoomatshini okanye iinxalenye zayo (njenge-flange yangaphakathi yemoto kaloliwe okanye ivili le-tram, eligcina amavili ukuba abaleke khona amavili). Ibinzana elithi "iFlanger" likwasetyenziselwa uhlobo lwesixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukwenza iiflene.

Intsimbi ye-6mo Super Austetitic idibanisa amandla oqingqina aphakathi kunye nokunganyangeki okuphezulu kokunganyangeki kwamanzi olwandle kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zemizi-mveliso.

Kwintsimbi engathandekiyo 316 Flaves, iMolybdenum yinto ebanika into ekhethekileyo: Ukuphucula ukumelana nokunganyangeki. I-SS yethu 316 iflethi ye-Storan inketho yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwamashishini amancinci.

I-304 i-prools ye-piiding yenziwa ngentsimbi engama-304 yentsimbi, into eqhelekileyo neyaziwayo kwizicelo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso efuna ukumelana nokungavisisani kunye ne-oxidation. Ezi zi-S30400 ze-piiding prools zisebenzisa oomatshini okhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo, eziqinisekisa ukuba zichanekile kwaye zinokuthenjwa.

Izilongile zingumenzi owaziwayo we-SS ezingama-309 ezinokwenziwa ngokulula ziinkqubo ezisemgangathweni, kubandakanya i-tig, i-tig, i-smaw, i-PLASMA, i-MALI, i-MALI, i-MALI, i-MALI, i-MALI, i-MAGE, i-DAGE, i-PLASMA, i-MALI, i-MALI, i-mig kunye ne fcaw. Iibhotile ezingama-309 ze-Alloy zihlala zisetyenziswa kwi-boiler baffles, ii-oveni ze-oveni, amacandelo omthanga, iiphaneli zebhokisi yomlilo kunye nezinye iinqanawa zobushushu obuphezulu.

I-304 ikwane-8-10.5% nickel (NI). Yongezwa ukwenza ulwakhiwo lwe-austetete luzinza ngakumbi kubushushu begumbi. I-nickel ikwaphucula iphucula ubushushu obuphezulu obukhulu bokunganyangeki, ukwenza intsimbi enganyangekiyo kuxinzelelo loxinzelelo. Apho intsimbi iyolula yolula, ipesenti esezantsi (8%) ye-nickel kufuneka ikhethwe. Iipesenti eziphezulu zingcono (9% okanye ngaphezulu) ukuba intsimbi ikhuselwe ngaphakathi.

Ihlazo elingaxutywanga liqulunqelwe ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo nezizimeleyo nangona zidityanisiwe; Iflethi, iigesi, kunye nokutyibilika; ezihlanganisene kwenye impembelelo, efanelekileyo. Ulawulo olukhethekileyo luyafuneka ekukhetheni nasekusebenziseni zonke izinto ezikhoyo zokufumana udibaniso, oluqinileyo lokuqina.

An NT08367 kwakhona kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-alloy al6xn yikharbon ephantsi, ukucoceka okuphezulu, i-nitrogen-i-itrogen-molybdenum ye-pirden ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride inkcitho kunye ne-cravice incade.

I-S3125 ye-S31254 i-Wild Foonge ikwabonakaliswa kukuphakama kwayo kunye namandla aphezulu. Ngamanqanaba aphezulu eChromium, iMolybdenum, kunye nomxholo weNitrogen, i-Alloty ihlala isetyenziswa kwi-chloride ephezulu enendawo equkayo. Umzekelo, i-S31254 ye-S31254 i-S3125 ye-range isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinje ngamanzi olwandle, amanzi aqhekezayo, izityalo ze-pulpa, i-pulp ye-pulpach, kunye neminye imijelo yenkqubo ye-chloride.
I-staint yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-304l
www.htpipe.es
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
JCOPIP.com
Izintya zensimbi
I-316 ye-Grain yentsimbi engenanto
I-al-6xn tube ye-asme sb 676 ayi-n08367 ityhubhu
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
Bs 4825-1 304l yentsimbi engenasitayile

I-al6xn yintsimbi ye-suprausitic ye-scainess engaqhelekanga ngokuchasene ne-chloride pide, i-crevice yosulelo kunye noxinzelelo lokungasebenzi. I-al6xn yi-6 ye-for moray eyaphuhliswa kwaye isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinomsindo. Ine-nickel ephezulu (i-24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), iziqulatho ze-nitrogen kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chiromium kunye ne-chloride publity, kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-chloride. I-al6xn isetyenziselwa ngokuyintloko iphuculwe i-wirvice yokungakhathali kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-cravice kwi-chlolor. Yintsimbi engenasimo sengqondo esisebenzayo neliyisinga.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
www.htpipe.es
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
JCOPIP.com
Izintya zensimbi
I-316 ye-Grain yentsimbi engenanto
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
Bs 4825-1 304l yentsimbi engenasitayile
I-254 ye-smob ye-pile ye-pied ye-chloride
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.74

I-316l 1.4401 S31601 i-Stainess yentsimbi yindlela yokhetho lombhobho kunye nomoya oqinileyo oqhelekileyo oqhele ukusetyenziswa kwoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezivela kwimizi-mveliso nezorhwebo. Le phuli ye-SS3603 yenziwe kumgangatho ophezulu we-316l yentsimbi enyaweni ngokuchasene ne-oxidation kunye ne-staining yendawo enobunzima okanye iZicelo eziPhakamileyo.

Ayisiyonga i-N06002 \ / distelloy x, i-HATERNOY C260, ASTLLONY C276, ASTLLLOY B1066

Intsimbi ye-SS316 intsimbi engenanto inekhabhoni engaphezulu kune-ss316l. I-nickel kunye ne-molybdenum zezona zithako zekhemikhali zemichiza ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwemveliso ye-ST316 yemibhobho yentsimbi yentsimbi. Ukongeza i-molybdenum kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, iphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukunganyangeki kwe-Alrosion, ngakumbi kwimo engqongileyo eveliswe kakhulu kwindawo ye-chride.

Imibhobho yentsimbi engama-316 iye yaba zizixhobo ezinokubonakala kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso. Olu lwabiwo lwesinyithi kunye ne-chrome ibonwa ngokunyangeka kwayo phezulu ekucocekeni, kunye nokuqina kwayo. I-316 ityhubhu yentsimbi engenasitali inokuveliswa kuzo zombini iityhubhu ezingenamthungo kunye ne-weldied ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zabathengi.
Umbhobho wentsimbi engenasitali ulungele zonke iinkqubo zesakhiwo apho amandla amakhulu kunye nokuchasana okuphezulu kuyafuneka. Imibhobho engacacanga isetyenziselwa zonke iintlobo zeeprojekthi zokutsala ezivezwe kwizinto - iikhemikhali, i-acidic, amanzi amatsha, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zamanzi etyiwa.
I-SAE 304 Intsimbi engenasimo yeyona nsihla ixhaphakileyo. Intsimbi iqulathe zombini i-chromium (phakathi kwe-18% ne-20%) kunye ne-NCECEL (phakathi kwe-8% ne-8% ne-10] yezinyithi njengeziindawo eziphambili zentsimbi. Sisinyithi esingenasimo esingenangqondo. Ingaphantsi kombane kunye nefuthe elinomsindo kunentsimbi yekharbon. Yimagnethi, kodwa ingaphantsi kunentsimbi. Inomchasi ophezulu wokungakhathali kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokukhululeka apho kusenziwa iimilo ezahlukeneyo. [1]

I-Flange ikwisibini uninzi lwendlela ekujoyine ngayo emva kokudalwa. Iiflene zisetyenziswa xa amalungu afuna ukugculelwa. Inika ukutshintsha kwesondlo. Iflethi inxibelelanisa umbhobho kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo nakwiivalve. Iiflethi zoqhawulo-mtshato zongezwa kwinkqubo ye-piholit ukuba igcinwe rhoqo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesityalo.
I-staint yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-304l
www.htpipe.es
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
JCOPIP.com
Izintya zensimbi
I-316 ye-Grain yentsimbi engenanto
I-S31254 intsimbi engenasitayile i-A18 / F44 F44 S3125 ye-WN FFEX
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
Bs 4825-1 304l yentsimbi engenasitayile

I-Asme SA 213 ASTM A213 A213 I-A213 S312 S3124-5 1.4547 I-Aleacion I-Ascerili i-Austeritica i-Austision ye-Aucrion Picrion Pinadrion.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
www.htpipe.es
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
JCOPIP.com
Izintya zensimbi
I-316 ye-Grain yentsimbi engenanto
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
Bs 4825-1 304l yentsimbi engenasitayile
I-254 ye-smob ye-pile ye-pied ye-chloride
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.34

Intsimbi engenasimo yi-alloy yentsimbi enganyangekiyo. Inama-11% chromium kwaye inokuqulatha izinto ezinjengekhabhoni, ezinye izilwanyana kunye nezinyithi zokufumana ezinye iipropathi ezinqwenelekayo. Ukuxhathisa intsimbi engenasithukuthezi kwiziphumo zokusula kwiChromium, nto leyo eyenza ifilimu eguqukayo enokukhusela izinto kwaye aziziphilise izinto zeoksijini.

Imibhobho yentsimbi engama-316 iye yaba zizixhobo ezinokubonakala kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso. Olu lwabiwo lwesinyithi kunye ne-chrome ibonwa ngokunyangeka kwayo phezulu ekucocekeni, kunye nokuqina kwayo. I-316 ityhubhu yentsimbi engenasitali inokuveliswa kuzo zombini iityhubhu ezingenamthungo kunye ne-weldied ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zabathengi.
Umbhobho wentsimbi engenasitali ulungele zonke iinkqubo zesakhiwo apho amandla amakhulu kunye nokuchasana okuphezulu kuyafuneka. Imibhobho engacacanga isetyenziselwa zonke iintlobo zeeprojekthi zokutsala ezivezwe kwizinto - iikhemikhali, i-acidic, amanzi amatsha, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zamanzi etyiwa.
I-SAE 304 Intsimbi engenasimo yeyona nsihla ixhaphakileyo. Intsimbi iqulathe zombini i-chromium (phakathi kwe-18% ne-20%) kunye ne-NCECEL (phakathi kwe-8% ne-8% ne-10] yezinyithi njengeziindawo eziphambili zentsimbi. Sisinyithi esingenasimo esingenangqondo. Ingaphantsi kombane kunye nefuthe elinomsindo kunentsimbi yekharbon. Yimagnethi, kodwa ingaphantsi kunentsimbi. Inomchasi ophezulu wokungakhathali kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokukhululeka apho kusenziwa iimilo ezahlukeneyo. [1]

I-Stattin Staight Staight Uluhlu olupheleleyo lwamaBanga 30 ukuya kwengama-316. Uluhlu lubandakanya i-45 Khangela kunye ne-180 Khangela i-Webb, i-90¡ Tobow, i-Tee, ukunciphisa i-tee, i-eccentic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, iFlay kunye neBhola.

Eli banga ligqithile kwinjongo yalo yantlandlolo kwaye ligqunywe kumashishini amaninzi abonisa ukuba luncedo kwinqanaba eliphezulu le-molybdenum inani, elivumela i-31254 ukuba isetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-flfied igesi kunye neendawo zemichiza.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
www.htpipe.es
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
JCOPIP.com
Izintya zensimbi
I-316 ye-Grain yentsimbi engenanto
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
Bs 4825-1 304l yentsimbi engenasitayile
I-254 ye-smob ye-pile ye-pied ye-chloride
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.25

Imibhobho yentsimbi engama-316 iye yaba zizixhobo ezinokubonakala kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso. Olu lwabiwo lwesinyithi kunye ne-chrome ibonwa ngokunyangeka kwayo phezulu ekucocekeni, kunye nokuqina kwayo. I-316 ityhubhu yentsimbi engenasitali inokuveliswa kuzo zombini iityhubhu ezingenamthungo kunye ne-weldied ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zabathengi.
Umbhobho wentsimbi engenasitali ulungele zonke iinkqubo zesakhiwo apho amandla amakhulu kunye nokuchasana okuphezulu kuyafuneka. Imibhobho engacacanga isetyenziselwa zonke iintlobo zeeprojekthi zokutsala ezivezwe kwizinto - iikhemikhali, i-acidic, amanzi amatsha, ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zamanzi etyiwa.
I-SAE 304 Intsimbi engenasimo yeyona nsihla ixhaphakileyo. Intsimbi iqulathe zombini i-chromium (phakathi kwe-18% ne-20%) kunye ne-NCECEL (phakathi kwe-8% ne-8% ne-10] yezinyithi njengeziindawo eziphambili zentsimbi. Sisinyithi esingenasimo esingenangqondo. Ingaphantsi kombane kunye nefuthe elinomsindo kunentsimbi yekharbon. Yimagnethi, kodwa ingaphantsi kunentsimbi. Inomchasi ophezulu wokungakhathali kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokukhululeka apho kusenziwa iimilo ezahlukeneyo. [1]

I-B16.5 304L 316l efakwe i-steeli engenasinqwazi
Ibanga le-316 libanga le-molybdenum eliqhelekileyo kwaye liye lesibini kuphela kwiBanga lama-304 kwimveliso iyonke kwi-austicoitic ye-austenitic engazinzanga. Xa kuthelekiswa nama-304, i-molybdenum inika ngcono ukumelana nokunganyangeki kwe-316, ngakumbi ukuxhathisa okuphakathisiweyo ekupheliseni nasekupheleni kwe-cravice kwiindawo ze-chloride. I-A312 i-T3166 yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-cap ye-cap ye-cap ye-cap ye-corrosion okanye inkonzo yobushushu obuphezulu, okanye zombini, okanye iinjongo ngokubanzi.

Yenziwe ukusuka kwi-304 \ / 304l okanye i-316 \ / 316l intsimbi engenasitayile ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweedayimitha (i-ID /). La malungu e-asllied angenasikhephe ihlangane i-ASTM A403, i-ASTM A960, i-MSS SP16, i-ASTM B16.9 (ngaphandle kwe-MSS-43.

Ikwayindlela esebenza ngexabiso leendleko kwiindawo ezixabisa kakhulu, ezinjengohlobo lwamandla angama-316, elingenamandla okanye ukunganyangeki kwe-corosion kufuneka inciphise iindleko zoMjikelo zobomi kwizicelo ezithile.

Ukulungela intsimbi ye-316l yenqwaba, isixa sekhabhoni asinakudlula kwi-0.03%. Oku kuncipha umngcipheko we-carbon pucimity, usenza inketho engcono yokuqinisekisa ukumelana nokungakhathali okuphezulu.

Ngenxa yokuqulunqwa kwekhemikhali ebunjiweyo, i-RI 253 ma inoqoqosho olukhulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-alloys enganyangekiyo. I-Stainess Steel 253 Martenners inamabakala alinganayo engalingani kangako S30815, emiselweyo ye-SS 253 ma kunye ne-Werkstoff yayo nr. ngu-1.4835. Ipropathi yoomatshini kumda ochaziweyo yi-2% ye-40%, amandla ayo aphezulu angama-87,000, i-PSI yayo yokugqibela ye-50%, kunye nokuvelisa i-45,000 ye-PI.

Iityhubhu ze-SS ezingama-304 zibonelela ngamanye amachaphaza aphezulu kwi-teafericales eninzi yeMizi-mveliso kunye neMichiza yeKhemikhali. Okwangoku, intsimbi yethu yentsimbi yentsimbi itsaliwe iityhubhu ezingama-304 zinokwenziwa okuphuculweyo ngokumangalisayo kwaye zinokuphuculwa yonke indlela ekulungelelaniseni umgangatho ophezulu ngazo zonke iindlela ezisemgangathweni
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
www.htpipe.es
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
JCOPIP.com
Izintya zensimbi
I-316 ye-Grain yentsimbi engenanto
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
Bs 4825-1 304l yentsimbi engenasitayile
I-254 ye-smob ye-pile ye-pied ye-chloride
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.20

Izinto ezingama-304 zinamandla aphezulu, amandla esivuno kwizinto ezingama-304l zisezantsi njenge-170MPA, kunye namandla esivuyi bezixhobo ezingama-304 ne-304h ziphezulu njenge-205mpa. I-stain yentsimbi engama-304 hex ayizibandakanyi kakhulu okanye inomdla kakhulu kwaye ayingeyonto yemagneti.

Inkqubo yentsimbi engenasitayile yimveliso yokhetho lokuthathwa kokutsala i-fallids okanye i-scounder fluaids, i-sutorries kunye neegesi, ngakumbi apho uxinzelelo oluphezulu, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu abandakanyeka. Ngenxa yepropathi yobuhle yentsimbi engenasitali, umbhobho ihlala isetyenziswa kwizicelo zoyilo.

Ilungelo lokushicilela © Zhengzzhou Huitong Izixhobo

I-Alloy Alloy 926 (Ayisi-N08926 \ / W. NR. Umxholo we-nickel kunye neChromium yeli alloty yenza ukuba ixhathise uluhlu olubanzi lweendawo ezinokubakho.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
www.htpipe.es
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
JCOPIP.com
Izintya zensimbi
I-316 ye-Grain yentsimbi engenanto
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
Bs 4825-1 304l yentsimbi engenasitayile
I-254 ye-smob ye-pile ye-pied ye-chloride
Din £ ºdin931 hex bolt ngentambo yenxalenye

I-tube yentsimbi engenasimo i-304 inika indibaniselwano egqibeleleyo yamandla kunye nokunganyangeki kweemeko ezininzi kwiimeko ezininzi ngaphandle kwemeko zaselwandle. Ukuba iprojekthi yakho ikwindawo yaselwandle, khetha intsimbi engama-316 yentsimbi.

Ezi alloy ziqhelekile ngokugqibeleleyo kunye neepropathi zezama. Ngaphandle koko, kulula ukuzicoca kwaye zinciphile. Ityhubhu yentsimbi engapheliyo ye-304 yenzelwe ukuba ibe namandla okuvelisa ukuya kwi-250,000 ye-PSI. Basetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini lokutya, ukuthutha kotywala kunye neegesi.

I-ASTM A312 i-T36 yi-T316 luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokufumana i-lamy, ethe tye-selded, kwaye ebandayo kakhulu e-Austeditic Stainess Stainess esetyenziswe kwiqondo lokuhlala eliphezulu kunye neenkonzo ngokubanzi zoncedo. Umbhobho wentsimbi wama-316 ongenamizi-mveliso yenziwa kwindibaniselwano ye-chromium, i-nickel, nase molybdenum, enika i-SS 316 ityhubhu ityhubhu inyangeka kakhulu ekucocekeni nasekucoceni.
Chwetheza umbhobho wethupho
www.htpipe.es
Ityhubhu ye-weldied
JCOPIP.com
Izintya zensimbi
I-316 ye-Grain yentsimbi engenanto
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingapheliyo kunye ne-Sheet
Ubukhulu: sch5 ~ schxxs
Bs 4825-1 304l yentsimbi engenasitayile
I-254 ye-smob ye-pile ye-pied ye-chloride
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded

I-904l (N08904, 14539) Intsimbi ye-Austetitic Stainess iqulethe i-14.0-18.0% ye-chromium, engama-24. Intsimbi ye-904l Aussite Austitic Stainess ye-Staines yikharbhon ephantsi, i-high-nickel, i-molybdenum austenitic stain enganyangekiyo i-acid-enganyangekiyo kwinkampani yaseFrance. Inamandla okusebenzela okuphucukileyo Ilungele ukugxininiswa okwahlukileyo kwe-SulFuric Acid ingezantsi kwe-70 ¡i-C, kwaye ixhathise i-acetic acid yoluphi na uxinzelelo lwe-acid exwiwe kunye ne-acetic acid.

I-flaves ezingama-254 ye-ATTM ye-ASTM i-A182 inolwazi nge-1 \ / i-intshi ezi-2 ukuya kwi-inches ezingama-48. Kukho imigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokulawula ubukhulu obufana ne-Asme, i-Dis, Din kunye neminye imigangatho yamazwe jikelele.

I-304 intsimbi engenasitali yokunganyangeki kakhulu, lo mdiliya wamkele i-World Foonge iqhotyoshelwe kwinkqubo nge-WOLDONALD entanyeni. Indawo ye-Wellded inokuvavanywa ngokulula yi-radiology. I-pipe ezenziwe ngombhobho kunye neflange i-flange inciphise isiphithiphithi kunye nokukhukuliseka ngaphakathi kombhobho. I-Flange ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo zakho ezibalulekileyo kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngomoya, amanzi, ioyile, igesi yendalo, kunye ne-steam.

I-Alloy 347h (ayingaphezulu kwe-S3409) ipleyiti yentsimbi engenasitali yikharbon ephezulu (i-0.04 - 0.10) inguqulelo ye-alloy. Yaphuhliswa ngenxa yokunganyangeki okuphuculweyo kunye namandla aphezulu kumaqondo obushushu ngaphezulu kwe-1000 ° F (537 ° C). Kwiimeko ezininzi, umxholo wekhabhoni weplate wenza isiqinisekiso esibini.