I-Stainess yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-316 ye-pume ye-Assi Asme kunye neMigangatho yeDin yeDen kwiindawo ze-chloride

I-flange yi-rollge efihliweyo, imilebe okanye irayisi, nokuba ingaphandle okanye ingaphandle, isebenza ukonyusa amandla (njengeflethi ye-Iron okanye i-T-MAAM); Ukuncamathela ngokulula \ / ukudluliselwa kwendlela yoqhakamshelwano kunye nenye into (njenge-flange ekupheleni kombhobho, isilinda se-Steam, njl njl. okanye ukuzinzisa nokukhokela iintshukumo zoomatshini okanye iinxalenye zayo (njenge-flange yangaphakathi yemoto kaloliwe okanye ivili le-tram, eligcina amavili ukuba abaleke khona amavili). Ibinzana elithi "iFlanger" likwasetyenziselwa uhlobo lwesixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukwenza iiflene.

Udidi oluphangaleleyo kukuba udidi 316 Iindleko ezingenanto ngaphambili, kodwa ungasindisa kakhulu kwisiphelo esingasemva - ngakumbi ukuba indawo yakho ebiyelweyo iza kusetyenziswa ngaphandle.

Izinto eziphambili kuma-304 yi-chromium ne-nickel, enika ukumelana nokunganyangeki. Inomchasi wobukumkani obulungileyo, yi-ductile kunye ne-ductile, kwaye inesifo esihle. Isakhiwo se-Austitic sivumela umzobo onzulu ngaphandle kokuthintelwa.

I-304 intsimbi engenasitali yokunganyangeki kakhulu, lo mdiliya wamkele i-World Foonge iqhotyoshelwe kwinkqubo nge-WOLDONALD entanyeni. Indawo ye-Wellded inokuvavanywa ngokulula yi-radiology. I-pipe ezenziwe ngombhobho kunye neflange i-flange inciphise isiphithiphithi kunye nokukhukuliseka ngaphakathi kombhobho. I-Flange ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo zakho ezibalulekileyo kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngomoya, amanzi, ioyile, irhasi yendalo, kunye ne-steam.

I-tubing yentsimbi engenasitali ikhethekileyo kwimveliso ye-tubula engaqhelekanga inc. Sigcina i-inveni enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zentsimbi, kubandakanya iimodeli zensimbi ezingenasiseko, kubandakanya iimodeli ezijikelezayo. Ityhubhu yethu yokuhombisa iyafumaneka kwiisayizi ezahlukeneyo kwaye inokunqunyulwa kwaye ifakwe kwinkcazo yakho.

I-316l 1.4401 S31601 i-Stainess yentsimbi yindlela yokhetho lombhobho kunye nomoya oqinileyo oqhelekileyo oqhele ukusetyenziswa kwoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezivela kwimizi-mveliso nezorhwebo. Le phuli ye-SS3603 yenziwe kumgangatho ophezulu we-316l yentsimbi enyaweni ngokuchasene ne-oxidation kunye ne-staining yendawo enobunzima okanye iZicelo eziPhakamileyo.

Iipayipi ezingama-254 zinokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwendlela kunye ne-Alloty i-254 ye-pump ye-pump yoxinzelelo kwiqondo lobushushu kunye nezixhobo.

I-Flange ikwisibini uninzi lwendlela ekujoyine ngayo emva kokudalwa. Iiflene zisetyenziswa xa amalungu afuna ukugculelwa. Inika ukutshintsha kwesondlo. Iflethi inxibelelanisa umbhobho kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo nakwiivalve. Iiflethi zoqhawulo-mtshato zongezwa kwinkqubo ye-piholit ukuba igcinwe rhoqo ngexesha lokusebenza kwesityalo.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeflethi ezinje nge-254 sflip slip ye-flange iyonokunganyangeki kakuhle ngenxa yokuqulunqwa. I-flaves inamandla ngakumbi kuneflethi yentsimbi engenasiseko enamandla angama-650mpa amancinci amancinci, ama-300MPA aphantsi kwenqanaba lokuvelisa kunye nama-35%.
www.htsteelpipe.com
I-carbon yensimbi
JCOPIP.com
Qhagamshelana nathi
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-nickel alloy yombhobho kunye netyhubhu
I-Butt-Weltings ye-Wellings 304 1.4301 isiphelo
I-pipe yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded
I-N08367 yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-al6xn ss floxes
I-11mm Od Stainess yentsimbi yentsimbi i-316 s31600 yombhobho

Ibanga le-310s yentsimbi engenasitali ye-Woolt iqulathe i-carbon ephantsi, i-NECTEL kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye neebhasikiti ezihambayo, iibhasikiti zonyango, i-fesser, elunxwemeni njl njl.
www.htsteelpipe.com
I-carbon yensimbi
JCOPIP.com
Qhagamshelana nathi
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-nickel alloy yombhobho kunye netyhubhu
I-Butt-Weltings ye-Wellings 304 1.4301 isiphelo
I-pipe yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded
I-N08367 yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-al6xn ss floxes
Iipleyiti zentsimbi ye-alloy kunye neekhiliki

I-904l yinto yentsimbi engenasitayile engenasibala. Ukongezwa kweMolybdenum kuyinika ukungavisisani okugqwesileyo kuhlaselo lwasekhaya njenge-cervice yosulelo kunye nokukhula ngu-chlolor.

I-Stattin Staight Staight Uluhlu olupheleleyo lwamaBanga 30 ukuya kwengama-316. Uluhlu lubandakanya i-45 Khangela kunye ne-180 Khangela i-Webb, i-90¡ Tobow, i-Tee, ukunciphisa i-tee, i-eccentic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, i-tealic, iFlay kunye neBhola.

Sibonelela nge-ASTM A182 F11 F11 F11 FALL WEBENZISH AOOGES nge-Niobium kunye neTitanium yongezwa kwimigodi, ukwakhiwa kwemizi-mveliso yokunganyangeki kwamamvakalelo kunye namandla aphezulu. Sibeke imbeko ngokusondeleyo kwiindlela zentengiso kwaye kufuneka zikwazi ukwenza iimveliso ezintsha, ezizinzileyo kunye noqoqosho ezinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso. Iimveliso zethu ziqinisekisiwe kwaye ziyi-100%.
www.htsteelpipe.com
I-carbon yensimbi
JCOPIP.com
Qhagamshelana nathi
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-nickel alloy yombhobho kunye netyhubhu
I-Butt-Weltings ye-Wellings 304 1.4301 isiphelo
I-pipe yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded
I-N08367 yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-al6xn ss floxes
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.41

Ityhubhu engenamthungo ingenamthungo kukhetho xa izicelo ezibalulekileyo zibiza uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olusebenzayo kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-corrosion kwiindawo ezinamanani.

I-ASTM A182 SS 310S yeSocket Soker i-Weld ilula kakhulu ukuba iphinde idlwengulwe kwaye idityaniswe, umgangatho olidlale ilifa ngenxa yekhabhoni ephantsi.

253 I-MA i-alustitic averant-i-aftity engapheliyo enamandla aphezulu kunye nokunganyange okungafanelekanga kwe-oxido. Inika amandla amahle kunye nokuxhathisa kwi-oxidation, i-sulfidation kunye ne-erosion kumaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo kwi-alloty equkethe i-11% i-nickel. Izitya zentsimbi ezingama-235MA zinokwenziwa kubungakanani beentlobo ngeentlobo, ubungakanani kunye namabakala kwiimfuno zabathengi. Kuba zikho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini, kukho amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okutya.
www.htsteelpipe.com
I-carbon yensimbi
JCOPIP.com
Qhagamshelana nathi
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-nickel alloy yombhobho kunye netyhubhu
I-Butt-Weltings ye-Wellings 304 1.4301 isiphelo
I-pipe yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded
I-N08367 yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-al6xn ss floxes
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.47

Okwenzi-nye 310 \ / 310SS PAINS PAINS I-STAINS ifana nomatshini wokuchwetheza i-304. I-SORDE YOKWENZA ISANGQA NGOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KUNYE NOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KAKHULU, I-SORT YOKUGQIBELA I-COSTE YOBUCHULE BOKUSETYENZISWA KOKUSETYENZISWA KAKHULU. Sebenzisa oomatshini abanamandla kunye nezixhobo ezinzima ezinamandla.
I-Stainess Shonges
I-carbon yensimbi
JCOPIP.com
Qhagamshelana nathi
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-nickel alloy yombhobho kunye netyhubhu
I-347 yombhobho kunye nemizobo ye-spool ithathelwa ingqalelo ngenxa yokuvezwa
I-pipe yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded

I-A276 309 engaphakathi kwe-S30900 iintonga zentsimbi ezingenasithulo zinobushushu obukhulu kunye nezinto ezinganyangekiyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezifuna ukutya. Banikwe i-chromium-i-chprel alloy kwaye baziwa ngokukhethekileyo ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwe-oxidation yabo kunye namandla amaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo.
I-Stainess Shonges
I-carbon yensimbi
JCOPIP.com
Qhagamshelana nathi
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-nickel alloy yombhobho kunye netyhubhu
I-347 yombhobho kunye nemizobo ye-spool ithathelwa ingqalelo ngenxa yokuvezwa
I-pipe yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded

I-Molybdenum inika i-SS 316 IPHEPHA LOLUNTU IPHEPHA LOKUGQIBELA LOKUGQIBELA NOKUKHUSELEKILEYO KWI-304, ngakumbi ukuxhathisa i-stain

Imibhobho yentsimbi engama-316 iye yaba zizixhobo ezinokubonakala kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso. Olu lwabiwo lwesinyithi kunye ne-chrome ibonwa ngokunyangeka kwayo phezulu ekucocekeni, kunye nokuqina kwayo. I-316 ityhubhu yentsimbi engenasitali inokuveliswa kuzo zombini iityhubhu ezingenamthungo kunye ne-weldied ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zabathengi.

An NT08367 kwakhona kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-alloy al6xn yikharbon ephantsi, ukucoceka okuphezulu, i-nitrogen-i-itrogen-molybdenum ye-pirden ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride ye-piloride ye-chloride ye-chloride inkcitho kunye ne-cravice incade.

Imibhobho yentsimbi engenasitali isetyenziselwa izicelo zolwakhiwo kunye nezixhobo ezifuna iipropathi ezibonelela ngentsimbi ye-on eqinile amandla aphezulu, ubunzima kunye nokunganyangeki kwengqondo ebalaseleyo. Umbhobho uyafumaneka ngobukhulu 1 \ / 2 "ukuya kwi-36" kwi-diedter engaphandle kunye neeshedyuli ze-05s nge-80s kwaye zikhulu kububanzi be-Wall. Ifumaneka njengoko i-welding kunye engenamthungo. Umbhobho ongenanto unesingqukuva, gqiba.
www.htsteelpipe.com
I-carbon yensimbi
JCOPIP.com
Qhagamshelana nathi
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-nickel alloy yombhobho kunye netyhubhu
I-Butt-Weltings ye-Wellings 304 1.4301 isiphelo
I-pipe yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded
I-N08367 yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-al6xn ss floxes
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.61

Banokungasebenzi ngeendlela ezibandayo zokusebenza, kunye ne-austetitic, i-chromium-ye-chromium-i-iron-icocekile iqinile phantsi kwamaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Sinikezela nge-bibstation i-Din 1.4436 i-SS ye-SS ye-SS kwiswekile, iphepha, i-leard, isizukulwana soMsebenzi, njlnjl. Sinikezela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwensimbi yentsimbi engenasitali i-A403 WPILS enje nge-SS wpk, i-SSWaw, i-SS 46 STOBDEUMnum-i-STEBDEBMN) Ukuxhathisa kwiindawo ezinomgangatho ophakathi. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwimisitho yenkqubo equkethe ii-halides okanye i-chlolor. I-316 i-staings yentsimbi engenasitayile iyamelana ne-themosion, kunye ne-oxiding ngokulinganayo kunye nokunciphisa indawo. Kwaye uchaze ukuvela kwi-Airphener engalunganga.

I-ASTM A312 i-T36 yi-T316 luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokufumana i-lamy, ethe tye-selded, kwaye ebandayo kakhulu e-Austeditic Stainess Stainess esetyenziswe kwiqondo lokuhlala eliphezulu kunye neenkonzo ngokubanzi zoncedo. Umbhobho wentsimbi wama-316 ongenamizi-mveliso yenziwa kwindibaniselwano ye-chromium, i-nickel, nase molybdenum, enika i-SS 316 ityhubhu ityhubhu inyangeka kakhulu ekucocekeni nasekucoceni.

Chwetheza intsimbi engama-304 intsimbi engenanto yi-T 300 yensimbi yentsimbi engenasitayile. Inobuncinci obuyi-18% ye-chromium kunye ne-8% i-nickel, idityaniswe ne-0.08% yekhabhoni. Ichazwa njenge-chromium-eckel allotic Altitic.304 intsimbi engenamashishini isetyenziselwa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zekhaya kunye nezixhobo ezinje ngokuphathwa kokutya kunye nezixhobo zokwenza izinto, izixhobo, kunye nokuphelisa i-inteolds. Intsimbi engama-304 ingenalo isetyenziswa kwintsimi yoyilo ye-accent engaphandle efana namanzi kunye neempawu zomlilo. Ikwasisixhobo esiqhelekileyo se-vaporizers.

Le yinto eyenza i-316 ye-SS yenqanaba elifanelekileyo lezicelo ezinjengezipumba, ii-valves, izixhobo zendwangu kunye nezixhobo zekhemikhali, izicelo kunye nezicelo zaselwandle.

I-SAE 304 Intsimbi engenasimo yeyona nsihla ixhaphakileyo. Intsimbi iqulathe zombini i-chromium (phakathi kwe-18% ne-20%) kunye ne-NCECEL (phakathi kwe-8% ne-8% ne-10] yezinyithi njengeziindawo eziphambili zentsimbi. Sisinyithi esingenasimo esingenangqondo. Ingaphantsi kombane kunye nefuthe elinomsindo kunentsimbi yekharbon. Yimagnethi, kodwa ingaphantsi kunentsimbi. Inomchasi ophezulu wokungakhathali kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokukhululeka apho kusenziwa iimilo ezahlukeneyo. [1]
I-Stainess Shonges
I-carbon yensimbi
JCOPIP.com
Qhagamshelana nathi
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-nickel alloy yombhobho kunye netyhubhu
I-347 yombhobho kunye nemizobo ye-spool ithathelwa ingqalelo ngenxa yokuvezwa
I-pipe yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded

Intsimbi ye-304 ye-Stainess ithathelwa ingqalelo ngokubanzi kwentsimbi exhaphakileyo exhaphakileyo. Inomxholo we-nickel ephezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-8 ne-10,5 yeepesenti, kunye nexabiso elikhulu le-chromium kwi-18 ukuya kwi-20 pesenti yobunzima. Ezinye izinto eziphambili zolwabiwo zibandakanya i-manganese, isilicon kunye nekhabhoni. Ukuqulunqwa kwemichiza ikakhulu kuyintsimbi.

I-ASTM A815 ASTERS S32760 SEFTIONS yindawo enye ebalaseleyo kwaye ukuxhathisa i-corrosion.

IMyanmar (iBurmese)
Ekuqaleni iphuhlisiwe ukulwa i-loubion yolwandle iRosion, iAl6xn yandise indima yayo njengendawo elungileyo yokunganyangeki. I-al6xn screw yikhabhoni ephantsi, ukucoceka okuphakamileyo, i-nitrogen ene "Super Austetitic" i-allous yentsimbi engenasitayile. I-Al 6xn i-rods ineentambo ze-Austetitic Austetitic al 6xn i-Austentitic, eyenziwe kwi-allobon ene-carbon yekhabhoni ye-chromium, i-NECKEL yaseMolybdenum. I-al 6xn ye-rooreed rod ayichasanga kwi-chloride yoxinzelelo.

Ihlazo elingaxutywanga liqulunqelwe ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo nezizimeleyo nangona zidityanisiwe; Iflethi, iigesi, kunye nokutyibilika; ezihlanganisene kwenye impembelelo, efanelekileyo. Ulawulo olukhethekileyo luyafuneka ekukhetheni nasekusebenziseni zonke izinto ezikhoyo zokufumana udibaniso, oluqinileyo lokuqina.

I-304 i-prools ye-piiding yenziwa ngentsimbi engama-304 yentsimbi, into eqhelekileyo neyaziwayo kwizicelo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso efuna ukumelana nokungavisisani kunye ne-oxidation. Ezi zi-S30400 ze-piiding prools zisebenzisa oomatshini okhethekileyo kunye neenkqubo, eziqinisekisa ukuba zichanekile kwaye zinokuthenjwa.

Ukuphela kokuphela, Ukupheliswa ngokucacileyo "
I-flaness yentsimbi engafakwanga? Zisetyenziswa njengecandelo lonxibelelwano kwimibhobho, iivalves, iimpompo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokwenza imibhobho okanye idlule kumbhobho wokuphela kombhobho kwaye emva koko wangena kwi-bolts.

Ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwexabiso elihle kakhulu kunye nexabiso, i-304 umbhobho wentsimbi engenanto ngolona hlobo lusetyenziswayo lombhobho osetyenziswayo emhlabeni. I-Stailing yentsimbi 304 I-Pippy inokumelana ne-colososion evela kwi-axid enkulu i-acid. Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, i-304 kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ilungele ikhitshi kunye nezicelo zokutya.
www.htsteelpipe.com
I-carbon yensimbi
JCOPIP.com
Qhagamshelana nathi
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
I-nickel alloy yombhobho kunye netyhubhu
I-Butt-Weltings ye-Wellings 304 1.4301 isiphelo
I-pipe yentsimbi kunye netyhubhu
I-N08367 ye-tube ye-tube ye-al6xn ye-welded welded
I-N08367 yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-al6xn ss floxes
Ukuvelisa i-Asme esemgangathweni B36.10 Asme B36.20

Ibar ngokubanzi ineemilo ezifana neflethi, ijikeleze, i-hexagonal,
ishishini okanye ngalo mbandela nawuphi na umzi mveliso oxhomekeke kumachiza.
I-S31254 I-Stainess yentsimbi ye-Stainess PN
I-ASTM A312 i-T316 ye-S3 yemizi-mveliso yeSoftway ye-S31600 smls smls pipe
I-FABRICT, UKWAZI, Isamente, isakhiwo senqanawa, iphepha kunye nePub,
I-ASTM B366 WPHC22 WPHC22 N06022 ASTE B16.9 I-CAPS Fuft Sch 40s 10
Ukuthandwa okungaphezulu kwemivalo yentsimbi yenziwa kwinto yokuba
Kuyenzeka ukuba uveliswe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, iimilo, ubungakanani, kunye
Imivalo yensimbi yenye yezinto eziphambili zemveliso yayo nayiphi na imveliso
I-stainess yentsimbi yentsimbi ye-ASME B16.9 A403 GR W316l
Amabakala eeBharies ukulungiselela iimfuno zobugcisa zobugcisa. Intsimbi
yebar echaza indawo yayo yesicelo

I-Al-6xn (ayingaphezulu kwe-N08367) yi-6% molybdenum, ikharbon ephantsi, i-nitrogen-ene-netrogen - i-aussititic stainess alloy. I-alloy yayiyilelwe kwizicelo zolwandle zamanzi. I-al-6xn? iphinde yasetyenziswa ngempumelelo kuluhlu olubanzi lweendawo ezibanzi kakhulu kubandakanya ukuthengisa ngokukhawuleza kwe-biophaphapha.
Izixhobo zenziwe kwaye emva koko zifudumele kubushushu obuphezulu emva kokupholisa okukhawulezayo kufutshane nokupholisa emoyeni. Oku kuphola ngokukhawuleza kongezwa kumandla ama-stanes ongenasinqeli kunye ne-speefs yentsimbi kwaye kubenza bomelele kakhulu. I-SS 310S isetyenzisiwe kumashishini njengendlela yokusebenza kwamanzi aselwandle, izityalo ezinamandla ombane kunye nezityalo ezikwindawo ye-thermal amandla kunye nokufakelwa kwekhaya kakhulu. I-310s ss ye-Ws isetyenziswa kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo zokuhlangabezana nemfuno yoxinzelelo lwesicelo.

I-316 yentsimbi engenasitayile iqulethe i-molybdenum enika ukuphuculwa kokunganyangeki. Oku kubonakala ikakhulu ngokuthambisa kunye ne-crevice yosulelo kwiindawo ze-chloride.

I-al6xn yintsimbi ye-suprausitic ye-scainess engaqhelekanga ngokuchasene ne-chloride pide, i-crevice yosulelo kunye noxinzelelo lokungasebenzi. I-al6xn yi-6 ye-for moray eyaphuhliswa kwaye isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinomsindo. Ine-nickel ephezulu (i-24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), iziqulatho ze-nitrogen kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chromium kunye ne-chiromium kunye ne-chloride publity, kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-chloride. I-al6xn isetyenziselwa ngokuyintloko iphuculwe i-wirvice yokungakhathali kunye nokunganyangeki kwe-cravice kwi-chlolor. Yintsimbi engenasimo sengqondo esisebenzayo neliyisinga.