Kurdish (Kurmanji)

Singabakhiqizi kanye nabathengisi bama-Flanges we-A105, ABTM A350 Carbon Insimbi Flanges, A694 A182 FLANES, ASTM A182 F12, ASTM A182 F22, ASTM I-A182 F91, ASTM A105 Flange, ASTM A350 FLANES, ASTM A694 FLACES

I-Monel 400 isetshenziswa emikhunjini yenqubo, amapayipi okushisa okushisa, kanye nophethiloli namathangi okugcina amanzi akhona emkhakheni wasolwandle. Izakhiwo ezingezona ezikhazimulayo zalolu alloy zikwenza lulungele izimo ezinobungozi obukhulu kubamboni bezindawo eziqhumayo, amarokhethi kanye nezimboni zamaphepha.

Imigoqo yensimbi ye-alloy & izinduku
Thayipha ipayipi elingenamthungo
I-ASTM A182 F51 FLACE yenziwa ngendwangu yensimbi ye-duplex. Izinto ezibonakalayo zinezimfanelo zombili ze-Ferritic neze-auntenitic kwi-metlurgic miscrumpcure. Amandla ashubile wezinto ezibonakalayo ngu-620MPA kanye namandla aphansi wesivuno angama-450mpa.
I-S31600 Iphayipi, Ipayipi Lensimbi Engagqwali

I-A789 EXS S31803 ne-UNS S32205 amamaki amabili wensimbi engenacala esetshenziswa kabanzi kwizicelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni. Lawa mapayipi we-Duplex S31803 ayaziwa ngokumelana kwawo okuhle kakhulu, amandla aphezulu, nokushiswa okuhle. I-A789 ingukucaciswa okuhlanganisa amashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded enziwe ngensimbi engenacala.

I-A335 Ibanga le-P9 Alloy Steel Round Round Pipe yisinqumo sakho esihle kakhulu. Izungeze amapayipi enziwe ngensimbi ye-alloy. Kuhle kakhulu, okwenza kube okuhlukile. Inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu njengokuqina, ukuqina, ukusheshiswa kanye nokusebenza kukagesi okuphansi.

Izinkambu ezijwayelekile zezimboni ze-SUS 316 Butt welded fittings ziyenziwa, imboni yamakhemikhali, imikhiqizo yobisi, ukucubungula ukudla, imishini yezemithi, njll.

I-304 futhi iqukethe i-8-10.5% nickel (NI). Ingezwa ukwenza isakhiwo se-aucenite sizinze ngokwengeziwe ekushiseni kwegumbi. I-nickel ibuye ithuthukise ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu we-oxidation, okwenza ukuthi insimbi imelana nokuphazamiseka kokugqwayiza. Lapho insimbi kufanele yeluleke, iphesenti eliphansi (8%) le-nickel kufanele likhethwe. Amaphesenti aphezulu angcono (9% noma ngaphezulu) uma insimbi is is jund donnn. htype ipayipi elingenamthungo ^ ipayipi elingenamishini

I-Alloy 800 iyi-nickel-iron-chromium alloy enamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana okuhle ne-oxidation kanye nokugqwala emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. I-ASTM B407 EX N08800 Incoloy 800 W. NR. 1.4876 Ipayipi eline-welded lisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwemishini edinga ukumelana nokuvutha, ukumelana nokushisa, amandla, nokuqina kwenkonzo kuze kube ngu-1500 ° F (816 ° C).

I-304L iyathandwa. Futhi ayinakho okuqukethwe okuncane kwekhabhoni, okungeyona efanelekile ngezicelo eziphezulu zokushisa lapho kudingeka khona amandla amahle, ngakho-ke i-304H ingukukhetha kokuqala. Ngakho-ke, i-304 ivame ukukhawulelwa ezinduneni noma amashidi azofakwa kwizakhi ezingadingi ukufudumala, noma amashidi akhiwe ezihlokweni, ezinjengezinto ezikhishini noma ama-cookware, nawo angenakufakwa.

254 Smo es Muto Mas Mute que los los grados aunteniticos comanes, Pero Tambien Adrama Una Alta Alta fana Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta Alta. La Tuberia Smo 254 A Menudo Se Denomina Grado "6 de Molibdelo" Decido a Capaz de Soportar Altas Teraturas y Mantener La Renansnise voliciles.

Ukuxhumana okuningana kungaba zezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene futhi zenziwe ezikalini eziningi ezahlukahlukene, kusuka ekubumbeni kwezinto ezincane kanye nemihlangano engezansi eya emihlanganweni emikhulu emikhulu nemihlangano evuthiwe edinga inselelo ebalulekile yokuhambisa esizeni
I-A789 EXS S31803 ne-UNS S32205 S32205

I-Hastelloy C2000 iyatholakala ngosayizi nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, lolu hlobo lwe-nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy ludume ngamandla alo aphakeme nokuphikiswa kokugqwala.

Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlolweni kwamafutha okuphuma olwandle kanye negesi \ Prokhiqiteleni kanye nakushintshile ekushiseni ku-petrochemical \ ukucubungula kwamakhemikhali.

Iyakwazi ukubekezelela uhla olubanzi lwamakhemikhali we-oxidizing kanye nama-non-oxidizing, futhi kukhombisa ukumelana okuvelele ekuhlaselweni okukhonkotha nokukhohlisa phambi kwama-chlorides namanye ama-halide.

Ngakho-ke lawa ma-hastelloy b2 flanges abhekwa njengefaneleke ukusetshenziselwa izinhlelo eziningi zenqubo yamakhemikhali esimweni esenziwa njenge-welded. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhabhoni ku-alloy, kukhona imvula yemvula ye-carbusides kanye nezinye izigaba ezindaweni ezithinteke kakhulu zokushisa, okuqinisekisa ukumelana komfaniswano kokugqwala.

Ama-Superlloys ane-oxidation enhle nokumelana nokumelana okuhle futhi angaqiniswa ngezindlela ezinjengokuqina kwezulu, ikhambi lokuqina futhi usebenze kanzima. Bangasebenza futhi ngaphansi kwengcindezi emishini ephezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu nalapho kudingeka khona ukuqina komhlaba okuphezulu.

Lokhu kuhlinzeka ngokumelana okuthuthukiswe kakhulu ku-sulfuric acid. Futhi inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-chromium, ukukhulisa ukumelana kwayo kumakhemikhali oxidizing kanye nemifudlana yenqubo engcoliswe ngama-forric ion kanye ne-oksijini encibilikisiwe.

I-SS 316 I-PIEMELL PIED ne-ASTM A312 i-IPP32 I-WELDED PIPE APPREATIR E-China
I-Chemistry of Incon 825 Plate yakhelwe ukunikeza ukumelana okuphezulu ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ezilimazayo lapho ama-alloys we-incoloy amaningi angezwa khona ku-nickel-iron matrix.
Ngokuzama ukubopha uphawu ngengilazi enzima

I-ASTM B564 Nickel Alloy 200 Threaded Flinges the nickel 200 Flangetes ahlala isikhathi eside, aqinile, futhi abe nokuqeda okuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ASTM B564 ANS N02200 Flanges Blind

Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-chromium kunikeza ukumelana okuhle ku-oxidizing media ngenkathi okuqukethwe molybdenum kanye ne-tungsten kumaphayiphu we-hasteloy b3 anikeza i-alloy enokumelana kahle nokunciphisa imidiya.

I-S32750 S32760 Super Dumplex Amapayipi Ensimbi Engagqwali ngokumelana kahle kwe-Pitling Pipling yasendaweni

Amashubhu angenamthungo angama-600 angenamthungo we-Ex Enc N06600 ne-ASTM B167 yibo abakhiqizwayo ukuze bagxile ekucindezelweni okukhulu ngokweqile futhi beze newaranti enkulu.

I-Nickel Alloy 400 no-Monel 400, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-UNS N04400, i-alloy esuselwa ku-nickel-copper eyakhiwe ngokuyinhloko i-nickel yesibili ne-lickel yesithathu neyodwa. I-Nickel Alloy 400 yaziwa ngokumelana kwayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo ezilimazayo, kufaka phakathi i-alkalis (noma ama-acid), amanzi anosawoti, i-hydrofluoric acid, ne-sulfuric acid. Njengoba i-monel 400 noma i-alloy 400 iyinsimbi ebandayo esetshenzisiwe, le alloy inobulukhuni obuphezulu, ukuqina namandla. Ngokusebenza okubandayo kwe-ASTM B164 ANS N04400 Bar stock, i-alloy ifakwa emazingeni aphezulu wengcindezi yemishini, yona ebangela izinguquko kwi-miscruccucture ye-alloy.

I-Nickel 200 Flinges the nickel 200 Flanges ayahlala isikhathi eside, aqinile, futhi abe nokuqeda okuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ASTM B564 ANS N02200 Flanges Blind

I-nickel based 800 incoloy hexagonal Pipe yaziwa ukuthi imelana nokugqwala okuhle. Ngokukhuluma ngokuqondile, ipayipi le-Incoloy 800 linikeza ukumelana okwanele ngokumelene nobabili ukuthuthuka kanye nokugqwala koxidation.

Sibutha ama-SS 316 \ 16l Izixhumi zePipe Pipe ezinekhwalithi yeprimiyamu ezingamelana nengcindezi ephezulu kanye nokushisa. Ngokuqanjwa kwalezi zinto zokufakelwa kwamapayipi, sikhetha impahla yekhwalithi ephezulu yeprimiyamu. Lokhu kufakwa kwekhwalithi enhle kakhulu, njengokuqeda okuphelele, ukuqina, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukulungiswa okuphansi, nokwakha okuqinile.

Ukunwetshwa okulungiselelwe i-iron-nickel-cobalt alloys, ama-kovar alloys, ube nokwanda okunezinwele okuqondile okufana nalokho kwengilazi enzima ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokushisa obuthile

I-Las Tuberia y Tubes Hechos de Varias Aleaciones y Metales Tieven Diveren Difrententes Proposijetes, kuthembela isisekelo se-del elemento. Unani de Estas Tuberias es La Tuberia 254 Smo de acero inoniro inonidable Auntenitico Conselelente Merassinsne Arennencia A Execucente

Ukubukelwa kwamapayipi
I-ASTM A240 Type 2205 Plate ipuleti yensimbi engenacala esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezinjengezimboni zamakhemikhali, i-oyela negesi ehloliwe. ISA 240 GR 2205 Sheet yenziwa ngeBanga 2205 Insimbi Engagqwali, okuyinhlanganisela yensimbi ye-ferrititic ne-auntenitic.

Ezimbonini eziphatha i-nitric acid, ama-flange amapayipi wensimbi angama-304 angenacala I-304 amalangabi ensimbi engagqwali ahlala isikhathi eside futhi abiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ze-alloy. Ngenxa yezakhiwo ze-oxidizing zalesi sixazululo, kuzodala ukuhlukaniswa uma kusetshenziswa ekugxileni ngaphezulu kwama-55%.

I-ASTM B564 Alloy C22 Fleld Flanges Flanges ehambisa ukuhlaselwa nge-acid kwama-hydrochloric acid

I-Hastelloy Alloy C22 FLSESES kumakhasimende ahlonishwayo, akhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa i-pristine grade yensimbi engenacala.

Amapayipi okucushwa komthungo anamandla aphezulu athwala umthwalo namandla ngaphezu kwamanye amamaki.

ASTM A213 I-IP304, I-IPP304L, I-IPP316L, I-IPP3TI, I-PP310, NO8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8926, No8946

I-ASTM A194 Ukucaciswa kuhlanganisa ikhabhoni, ama-alloy kanye namantongomane ensimbi angenasici engcindezi ephezulu kanye ne-\ noma insiza yokushisa ephezulu. I-American National Standard Duty Hex Series (ANSI B 18.2.2) izosetshenziswa ngaphandle kokuthi ichazwe ngenye indlela. Amantongomane angabi ngaphezu kwe-1 intshi ngosayizi ogama azohambisana no-Un Series Class 2B.

I-ASME B36.19M ingukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwamapayipi ensimbi angenasici, acacisa ubukhulu, ukubekezelelana kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza amapayipi afakwe emthungo.

I-Incons 600 Round Bar iyi-alloy esekwe ku-nickel nge-benign carburulization kanye nokuphikiswa okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Imigoqo eyindilinga engama-600 eyindilinga iyasebenza ngokumelene nokomisa ama-CL2 namanye amagesi amaningi ahlukene emazingeni okushisa aphakeme aphezulu. I-Alloy 600 Bar iyi-nickel-chromium alloy ene-oxidation enhle nokumelana nokuqhekeka kwengcindezi yokuwohloka kwe-chloride, ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu kokugqwayiza kwamanzi kanye ne-acid oxidation emazingeni okushisa aphakeme.

INilo Alloy 36, w.nr 1.3912, i-Invar 36® iyi-nickel-iron, i-alloy elawulwa okuphansi equkethe ama-nickel angama-36% futhi anezinga lokunwetshwa kwensimbi ecishe ibe yishumi lensimbi ye-carbon.

Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezikhethekile, i-titanium iyisitatimende esifanele sokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokuphelelwa yisikhathi emidlalweni yezimoto.

ASTM A269TP304, I-IPP304L, I-IPP316L, I-IPP315L, S345L, No8926 ASTTM B676 N08367 ASTM B677 ASCM N08925

I-ASME SB564 Alloy 601 Socket Weld Flanges NCONELL 601 iyi-nickel-chromium alloy esetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukumelana nokuvuselelwa nokushisa. Le ncwadi ye-nickel ivelele ngenxa yokumelana nokumelana kwayo ku-oxidation ephezulu yokushisa i-oxidation, ihlala imelana ne-oxidation ngo-2200¡Ã f. alloy 601 ithuthukisa izikali ezilandelwa yi-oxide ezivimbela ngisho nezimo ezinzima zokuhamba nge-hormal.

I-Coil 625 Coil ibonakala ngokumelana kwayo okuhle kwi-oxidation, ukugqwala okushisa kakhulu nokukhathala. I-ASTM B443 EX N06625 INCONEM PLATTE isetshenziswa kabanzi e-Aerospace, ukucubungula amakhemikhali kanye namafutha kanye negesi ngenxa yamandla ayo aphakeme, izinkambiso nokuqina okuphezulu.

Amashubhu we-Hastelloy C2000 asetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezibanzi zezimboni ezifaka ukucubungula kwe-petrochemical, ukukhiqiza imishini yamakhemikhali, ama-oyela wokuhlanza kanye nezitshalo zamandla.

Ama-fasteners e-carbon anamandla aphezulu futhi asetshenziselwa ukuxhumeka okuvinjelwe emapayipi kawoyela namaphethiloli, amalunga ahlelekile, izimoto, nezimoto, nokuningi. I-HT Pipe inikezela ngomugqa ogcwele wama-bolts e-carbon aphezulu aphezulu, izikulufo, izikopelo, izinduku ezifakiwe, amantongomane, ama-washer, ukufakwa kwemihlangano yenkambiso yangokwezifiso.

I-316l 1.4401 S31603 I-STIANCLEENT I-PIPE I-PIRELLELEKILE KAKHULU KAKHULU KAKHULU KANYE NOKUQHAWULA KAKHULU KWAMAHHALA OKUSHINTSHA KULULA KWEZINHLOBO ZOKUXHUMANA NOKUthengisa. Le SS EX C31603 Pipe yenziwa ngekhwalithi ephezulu 316l insimbi engagqwali engenacala ngokumelana kahle nokugqwala, i-oxidation kanye nokubala, okwenza kube kuhle ngezindawo ezinokhahlo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu.
Kukhombisa ukumelana okuhle ezindaweni ezingathathi hlangothi nezinciphisa. Le alloy yakha i-oxide enobuhlakani, ifilimu evikelayo engahambisani, kepha igcina ukumelana ne-opidation ephakeme emazingeni okushisa anyukayo.
I-ASTM A234 WP9 WP9 WOLLOY PAPITIngs iyaziwa ukuletha ukusebenza okuhlukile futhi ngokuvamile athuthukiswe ukubhekana nezidingo.Extraordinary zokuphepha kwalezi zinto ze-wp9 yensimbi ye-WP9 ye-WLT Weld Weld.
Ama-alloys amelana nawo aphikisayo asetshenziswa kabanzi yizimboni zokucubungula amakhemikhali. Isidingo sokusebenza okuthembekile siholela ekwamukelweni nasekukhuleni kwazo ezindaweni zamandla, ezempilo kanye nezemvelo, uwoyela kanye negesi, amakhemikhali kanye negesi yokuhlanza igesi.
I-ASTM A312 I-IPP316 iyincazelo ejwayelekile ye-seamless engenamthungo, i-suuntenicled auntenitic esetshenzisiwe amapayipi wensimbi angenamikhawulo asetshenziswa ezisetshenzisweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokushisa kanye nezinsizakalo ezijwayelekile. Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 le-seamless lensimbi lenziwa ngenhlanganisela ye-chromium, i-nickel, kanye ne-molybdenum, enikeza i-SS 316 i-seamless tube ukumelana kahle nokugqwala.

I-INTRR 36® iyinsimbi ye-nickel-i-iron, i-alloy ephansi ephansi equkethe ama-nickel angama-36%, i-invar 36 ine-coeffied ephansi yokunwebeka kusuka kumazinga okushisa angu-500 ° F (260 ° C).

I-Duplex MicrossCreat ivumela leli banga lamandla aphezulu super duplex us s32750 bar ukuze ube ne-coefficion ephansi yokunwebeka okushisayo kanye nokuvuselelwa okuphezulu okushisayo kunamazinga okushisa asebenza kuze kube ngu-300¡Ãc futhi kufanelekile.

I-Incons 718 yi-alloy esekelwe e-nickel-chromium evame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlalweni eziphakeme zokushisa ezinjenge-aerospace negesi turbines. Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-ASTM B670 Incontel 718 Ishidi le-Plate Rolling. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zamapuleti we-Incon 718 atholakala emakethe: Amapuleti ashisayo asongwe namakhaza.

Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 elingagqwali liye laba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezimboni. Le alloy yensimbi ne-chrome yamukelwa ngokumelana kwayo okuphezulu ekugqwaneni, kanye nokuqina kwayo. 316 I-tubing yensimbi engagqwali ingakhiqizwa kumashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende athile.

I-China ekhiqiza amanani entengo ka-Wholesale grade 8.8 Bolt ne-NAT Screw Washer Din931 Din933 Insimbi Engagqwali engenacala

I-SCH40 Monel 400 ipayipi iqokwa njenge-Werkstoff Inombolo engu-2.4360 futhi ayinasi-n04400. I-Alloy 400 Ipayipi elibuye laziwa ngokuthi yi-Monel Alloy 400 ipayipi, i-monel 400 ipayipi & nickel alloy 400 Pipe.

Nickel Alloy Incoloy Seamless Pipe Tube Price 800 800h 800ht N08800 N08810 N08811

Incoloy 800h Flange Sinedumela eliqinile embonini ngokukhiqiza ama-flanges asezingeni eliphakeme lezinhlobo ezahlukene ezizohambisana nezidingo zamakhasimende ethu. Sikhiqiza incoloy 800 Flanges ethembekile futhi ephezulu ngekhwalithi. Sisebenzisa izinsizakusebenza ze-premium kanye nemishini ethuthukile yokukhiqiza i-ASTM B564 ANC N08800 Incoloy 800 Flangetes.

Ama-flanges we-ASTM A182 F5 ama-Flanges akhiwe amafulethi enziwe nge-chrome molybdenum ephansi insimbi ebizwa nge-5Cr-0.5mo, okungabiliwe k41545. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlaziyweni kwamafutha, amakhemikhali kanye nama-petrochemical, amapayipi okushisa anamandla, ukushintshaniswa kokushisa, imikhumbi ehlukahlukene yokucindezela nezinye izinsizakalo zokucindezela kanye nezinsizakalo zokucindezela eziphakeme.

Singanikeza ama-Flanges we-molybdenum alloy ahlelwe ngebanga le-alloy, usayizi nengcindezi.

Insimbi engenasici, ngenxa ye-chromium coatium ye-chromium yayo, ayiphenduli nezinye izinto. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungasetshenziswa ngokukhululekile ukuxhumana nokudla. Izindinganiso eziqinile ze-HACCP zidinga ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi engenasici ukuxhumana nokudla. Konke ngoba insimbi akuyona ingozi futhi kulula ukuyigcina ihlanzekile. Izinto zensimbi ezingagqwali zingahlanzwa ngezinto ezihlanza kakhulu futhi akudingeki sikhathazeke ukuthi izindawo zensimbi zizolahlekelwa yizakhiwo zazo noma zishintshe ukubukeka kwazo.

Ubuningi be-titanium bungama-60% e-60% yensimbi engenasici kanye ne-nickel alloys, lokhu kulondolozwa kwesisindo kwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho lokhu kubalulekile njenge-aerospace.

I-904L yokuvala i-washersalso inokumelana okuphezulu kokuphamba kwezixazululo ze-chloride, ukumelana okuphezulu kuwo womabili ama-crevice kanye nokugqwala kokugqwayiza.

I-Al6XN iyinsimbi e-superAustonitic engenacala ngokumelana okuvelele kokuphamba kwe-chloride, ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo. I-Al6xn ingu-Aloy ayi-6 olwenzelwe futhi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinolaka kakhulu. Ine-nickel ephezulu (24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), i-nitrogen kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okunikeza ukumelana kahle nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwe-chloride, i-chloride ukumelana, kanye nokuphikiswa okujwayelekile kokugqwala. I-Al6xn isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuthuthukile kanye ne-crevice in clorides. Kuyinsimbi enobunzima futhi engakhathali.

Isihluthulelo sokwakheka kwe-P5 kwama-Allomium-Molybdenum Alloys ukufakwa kwe-chromium ne-molybdenum. I-Chromium noma i-Chromium ikhulisa amandla okushisa aphezulu, inyusa ukumelana ooxidation futhi yandisa isivuno, isivuno kanye nobulukhuni emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. I-Molybdenum ithuthukisa amandla, umkhawulo we-elastic, ukumelana kokugqoka, ikhwalithi yomthelela nokuqina. Kukhulisa ukumelana nokuthambisa, kuvimbela ukukhula okusanhlamvu, futhi kwenza i-chrome yensimbi ibekwe ngaphansi kokufona. I-Molybdenum futhi iyisengezo esisebenzayo kakhulu sokwandisa amandla okushisa aphezulu okushisa okushisa noma ukumelana nokuphikiswa. Iphinde ithuthukise ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi futhi ivimbela ukugqwala okukhonkotha.