Izinto zokwakha

Izinsimbi ezijwayelekile ze-austenitic ezifana nezingu-304 (1.4301) nezinsimbi ze-ferritic ezifana no-430 kulula ukuwenza kanye nokwenziwa. Njengoba amagama abo esho, ahlanganisa ikakhulukazi isigaba esisodwa, i-austenite noma i-ferrite. Nakuba lezi zinhlobo zilungile ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kunobuthakathaka obuthile obubalulekile kuzo zombili izinhlobo.

Ama-Flange Ensimbi Engagqwali aklanywe ngokucophelela kusetshenziswa amasu amanje ngaphansi kokuqondisa kombono kochwepheshe abaphumelele eyunithi yokukhiqiza. Ububanzi obunikeziwe buhlolwe ngokuqinile kumapharamitha ahlukahlukene wekhwalithi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awanasici futhi awanasici. Le mikhiqizo isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene futhi yaziswa kakhulu amaklayenti ngokuba nezici ezingenakuqhathaniswa. Ibanga elinikeziwe linikezwe ngezinto zokupakisha eziqinisekisiwe.

Ibanga lama-2205 liyibanga elisetshenziswa kakhulu i-duplex yensimbi engagqwali. Ukufakwa kwaleli banga kuthola izinhlelo zokusebenza ngenxa yakho kokubili ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu kanye namandla azo aphezulu.

Ukugoba kwamapayipi eBanga lama-316 nakho kunikeze isevisi enhle kakhulu emanzini aphuzwayo. Ukugqwala kwemigodi nokuqhekeka kungenzeka emanzini anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-chloride, futhi u-2000 ppm wamukelwa njengomkhawulo ophezulu. Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-molybdenum okungu-316 kuyenza imelane kakhulu nokugqwala kunebanga lama-304.

I-UREA? Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwe-310Mo LN kwenzelwe ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile ezitshalweni ze-urea.
Kuyinsimbi engagqwali engu-310L eshintshiwe ye-austenitic enekhabhoni ephansi, i-silicon ephansi kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephezulu ukuze kuzinze futhi kuqinise isigaba se-austenitic.
Insimbi engagqwali ibanga 304 insimbi engagqwali esetshenziswa kakhulu. I-Stainless steel grade 304N inokumelana nokugqwala okungcono kunebanga lama-302, futhi ngokuvamile ayiyona i-magnetic ngokwemvelo; kodwa uma amakhaza esebenza ithola izinga kazibuthe kancane.

Ukufakwa kwe-ASTM A860 WPHY 60 kuwukufakwa kwensimbi eyenziwe ngekhabhoni engenamthungo noma eshiselwe ngamandla okukhiqiza okuphezulu. I-WPHY 60 ikhombisa ukuthi amandla amancane esivuno se-ASTM A860 WPHY 60 Fittings ngu-60ksi.

Ama-Flanges ethu e-UNS N08904 Stainless Steel Blind asetshenziswa kabanzi ukuvala umsila wepayipi lomkhumbi ocindezelayo, njengoba aklanyelwe ukugcina ingcindezi endaweni enengcindezi ephezulu, futhi amelana nokunciphisa ama-asidi afana ne-sulfuric acid ezitshalweni ze-petrochemical kanye nezindawo zokuhlanza uwoyela.

I-INCOLOY alloy 926 (UNS N08926 \/ W. Nr. 1.4529 \/ INCOLOY alloy 25-6MO) ukufakwa kwepayipi kuyinsimbi engagqwali ye-super-austenitic equkethe u-6% we-molybdenum futhi ithuthukiswe ngokwengezwa kwe-nitrogen. Okuqukethwe kwe-nickel ne-chromium kwale alloy kuyenza imelane nezinhlobonhlobo zezindawo ezigqwalile.

Amapayipi e-Incoloy 800\/800H/800HT akhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngengxubevange ye-nickel-iron-chromium, enokumelana okuhle kakhulu ne-carburization kanye ne-oxidation, futhi inamandla amahle okuqina. Lawa ma-alloys ensimbi ayafana. Umehluko kuphela iphesenti le-aluminium ne-titanium kulawa ma-alloys. Kodwa-ke, uma sikhuluma ngemikhiqizo efana namapayipi namapayipi, abhekwa njengemikhiqizo efunwa kakhulu futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele nokusebenza okuphakeme, le mikhiqizo isetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningana nasezinhlelweni zokusebenza.

Ukufakwa kwepayipi le-nickel alloys kuyizinsimbi ezenziwe ngokuhlanganisa i-nickel njengento eyinhloko nenye into. Ihlanganisa izinto ezimbili ukuze ilethe izici ezifiseleka kakhulu, njengamandla aphezulu noma ukumelana nokugqwala. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile, isetshenziswa emishinini ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa izimboni eziningi.

I-Incoloy 800H inobubanzi bekhabhoni obunomkhawulo obungu-0.05 kuya ku-0.10%, eyingxenye engaphezulu yaleyo ye-Incoloy 800, futhi idonswa ku-1149 kuya ku-1177oC (I-Incoloy 800 idonswa ku-983 kuya ku-1038oC). Lo mehluko uyinikeza ukuthi ibe nokugqashuka kwengcindezi ephezulu kanye nezakhiwo ezinwabuzelayo kune-Incoloy 800.

I-ASTM A403 WP317L ikhiqiza i-molybdenum, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephansi engu-“L” grade austenitic steel stainless steel ehlinzeka ukumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe ngaphezu kwezinsimbi ezingama-304L nezingu-316L. Ikhabhoni ephansi inikeza ukumelana nokuzwela ngesikhathi sokushisela nezinye izinqubo ezishisayo.

Ama-alloys aphezulu nawo abizwa ngokuthi ama-alloys asebenza kahle. Ziyakwazi ukumelana kahle nokukhasa kanye ne-oxidation, futhi zisetshenziswa lapho kudingeka khona ukuzinza okuphezulu kwendawo. Futhi banekhono lokusebenza ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokucindezeleka kwemishini. Angaqiniswa ngokuqiniswa kwesixazululo esiqinile, ukuqina komsebenzi, kanye nokuqina kwemvula. Ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu afana ne-iron-based, i-nickel-based, kanye nama-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt.

Izingxenye ezakhiwe ngaphansi kokucaciswa kwe-ASTM A182 njenge-317L Stainless Steel Flanges zenzelwe ukusetshenziselwa amazinga okushisa aphakeme. Lokhu kucaciswa kubheka izidingo ezahlukahlukene okufanele lawa ma-flange ahambisane nazo. Imvamisa, ngokufana nokucaciswa okuningi kwe-ASTM, i-ASTM A182 kufanele ihambisane nakho kokubili komshini kanye nekhemistri kanye nezindlela zokuhlola.

Ama-Stainless Steel Blind Flanges asetshenziswa kakhulu ukuvala ukuphela noma ukuvuleka kwepayipi, yingakho eza ngaphandle kokubhoboza. Lokhu kuyasiza ekuhlolweni nasekuhlolweni kwengcindezi, njengoba kuvumela ukufinyelela okusheshayo kwipayipi.

I-Incoloy 800 noma ebizwa nangokuthi i-UNS N08800, i-nickel 800 inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokumelana namakhemikhali futhi. Idume ngamandla ayo okudonsa kanzima emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, i-Alloy 800 iphinde imelane ne-oxidation, carburization kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokugqwala okunezinga eliphezulu lokushisa.

I-Stainless Steel 310 Ring Type Joint Flanges imakwe ngamabanga, izinto zokwakha, osayizi, kanye nezitembu zokuhlola zenkampani yangaphandle ngaphambi kokuba zidluliselwe kwabathumela ngaphandle kwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali. Ama-310S Stainless Steel Spectacle Blind Flanges akhiqizwa azokwazi ukuhlola okuthile, ukuhlola ikhwalithi. Le nqubo ye-SS 310 Spacer Flanges ilandelwa ukupakisha nokuthunyelwa okufanele.

Ingxubevange yakhelwe ukuthola insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ngokuphelele engenazo izigaba ze-intermetallic njengemvula ye-intergranular carbide ethinta kakhulu izakhiwo zokumelana nokugqwala zengxubevange ku-urea equkethe izixazululo.

I-ASME SA182 SS 317 Flanges ephezulu yokuqukethwe kwe-Molybdenum ithuthukisa ukumelana nokugoba okuphakeme. Ikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kakhulu kwama-alloys angu-300 Series futhi inezinto eziqinile eziqinile nezinyakazayo emazingeni okushisa aphakeme.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele ikhawulelwe ku-927 degrees Celsius futhi akufanele yehle ngaphansi kwalokho. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lamaflange aphansi ensimbi engenasici asebenza ngokushisa liphakathi kuka-1149¡ãC – 1260¡ãC. Ukuze uthole ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, ama-flange ayizimpumputhe ensimbi engenasici adinga ukuhoxiswa kwangemuva komsebenzi. Lawa ma-blind flange e-Astm A182 F316 nawo ayatholakala ngezigaba ezihlukene zokucindezela. I-Werkstoff No 1.4301 lap flanges isetshenziswa embonini yamakhemikhali, amandla, amandla, ezokwelapha kanye ne-petroleum.

Amazinga ayahluka kusukela ku-B16.5, B16.47 futhi ochungechungeni oluhlukene A no-B. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ezisekelwe ekukhiqizeni njenge-ASME SA182 grade 316TI Weld neck flange. Ama-weld neck flange awusizo ngenxa yentamo eshiselwe kuma-flanges, avumela ukubamba okungcono. Amazinga ahlukene afana ne-DIN 1.4571 Flange anquma usayizi, ububanzi nokuqina kodonga lwama-flange.

I-Stainless Steel 316L Flange isetshenziselwa ukunqamula ukuphela kwesistimu yamapayipi. I-Stainless Steel 316L eyimpumputhe flange ngokuyisisekelo iyi-flange engenalo ihabhu noma isikhungo esinesizungu. Ama-blind flange anogqinsi lobuso be-flange, uhlobo lobuso obufanayo, kanye nephethini yokubhowula efanayo. I-Stainless Steel 316L Ama-Blind flanges angasetshenziswa futhi ukuvala ukuvulwa kwe-nozzle kumkhumbi ocindezelayo.

I-800H ayikwazi ukugqwala ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemidiya. Okuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-nickel kuyenze yaba nezakhiwo ezinhle zokuqhekeka kokumelana nokugqwala esimweni sokugqwala kwamanzi. Okuqukethwe kwe-chromium ephezulu kuyenze yamelana kangcono ne-pitting kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwe-crevice. Le alloy ingamelana ne-nitric acid ne-organic acid, kodwa ayilungile kangako ku-sulfuric acid ne-hydrochloric acid.
I-800H inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kukho kokubili i-oxidation kanye nosawoti onga-oxidizing, kodwa mhlawumbe i-pitting encane ku-halide, kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu engxubeni yamanzi, intuthu, umusi, umoya nesikhutha.

I-Inconel Alloy 600 tubing yenziwe ngengxube ye-non-magnetic, nickel-chromium eyaziwa ngokumelana kwayo ne-oxidation emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Eqinisweni, i-Inconel Alloy 600 (UNS N06600) yayiklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa kusukela ku-cryogenic kuya emazingeni okushisa aphakeme afika futhi adlule amadigri angu-2000 F. I-Inconel Alloy 600 tubing inezinto ezinhle zokukhanda, inhlanganisela enhle yamandla aphezulu nokusebenza okuhle, futhi iyakwazi ukushisela ngaphandle kobunzima. Ikhoneli? I-alloy 600 ayiqinile, yenziwa lukhuni futhi iqiniswe kuphela ngomsebenzi obandayo.

I-SS 316\/316L Flanges ingenye yemikhiqizo evame ukufunwa kakhulu embonini. Lawa ma-SS Flanges aziwa ngezakhiwo zawo ezinjengokumelana nokugqwala okungcono, i-pitting kanye nokugqwala kwe-crevice uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo 304.

I-Alloy Steel Buttweld Fittings iyipayipi elishiselayo elivumela ukushintsha indlela yokuhamba, ukunqanyulwa, ukunciphisa usayizi wepayipi noma ukunamathisela izinto ezisizayo. Inezinzuzo eziningi ezingokwemvelo njengokuthi ihlinzeka ngobufakazi bokuvuza obuhlala njalo kokufakwayo. Isakhiwo sensimbi esiqhubekayo esakhiwe phakathi kokulinganisa kanye nepayipi sinikeza amandla ohlelweni. Ingaphakathi elibushelelezi nezinguquko eziqondisayo kancane kancane zinciphisa isenzo sokugqwala nokuguguleka futhi zehlise ukulahleka kwengcindezi kanye nesiyaluyalu. Ayikwenzi kube sengozini encane yokugqwala lapho ivezwe ezintweni njengoba iyinsimbi

Lawa mapayipi atholakala ngamasayizi ahlukene, amamaki kanye nosayizi. Ngesipiliyoni seminyaka ekukhiqizeni amapayipi we-Incoloy 800, inikeza izinga eliphezulu, izindleko eziphansi kanye nenkonzo efanele. I-Incoloy 800\/ 800H\/ 800HT ipayipi iyakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala futhi imelana nezindawo ezimuncu. Amandla amaphakathi nokumelana ne-oxidation okuhle kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.

I-800H (NCF 800H, UNS N08810)/NAS 800T (UNS N08811) ama-alloys e-nickel-iron-chromium anikeza amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu ne-oxidation kanye ne-carburization emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Amandla aphezulu atholakala ngokulawula okusanhlamvu okuyikristalu¡ªngokwelashwa kokushisa okuphezulu, kanye nokulawula okuhle phezu kwekhabhoni, i-titanium, nokuqukethwe kwe-aluminium. I-Nippon Yakin inikeza lo mkhiqizo ngepuleti, ishidi, namafomu e-strip.

I-Incoloy 800\/800H\/800HT ama-alloys ebanga anezinto ezihlukahlukene ezikhethekile nezici ezenza amapayipi namashubhu adinge nakakhulu. Njengomkhiqizi nomphakeli wemikhiqizo enjalo, siqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imikhiqizo yethu yakhiwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo kanye nezidingo zamakhasimende ethu. Ngakho-ke, sisebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa zekhwalithi ephezulu ezihlolwe kahle futhi zisetshenziswe ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngalo, ubuchwepheshe besimanje kanye namathuluzi wakamuva angasetshenziswa ukudala amapayipi namashubhu osayizi nobude obunembile.

I-flange yepayipi ye-A105 ixhuma amapayipi nezingxenye ohlelweni lwamapayipi ngokusebenzisa uxhumano oluboshiwe namagesi. Ama-flange asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-weld neck flange, i-slip ku-flange, i-blind flange, i-socket weld flange, i-threaded flange kanye ne-lap joint flange (RTJ Flange). Lolu hlobo lokuxhuma ku-flange yepayipi luvumela ukukhululeka kokuhlakazeka nokuhlukaniswa ukuze kulungiswe nokugcinwa njalo. Ukucaciswa okuvame kakhulu kwe-carbon steel kanye ne-stainless steel flange yi-ANSI B16.5 \/ ASME B16.5.