Zopangidwa payipi

Nickel kutengera 800 inclooy chitoliro chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi kukana bwino kuwonongeka. Makamaka kuyankhula, chisumbulu 800 chitoliro chimapereka kukana mokwanira zotsutsana ndi ma carburization onse komanso oxidation kutukula.

Al6xn ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosakhazikika ku chloride pansi, crevice kutukuka komanso kupsinjika kuwonongeka. Al6xn ndi Alloy a 6 wokhazikika womwe umapangidwa ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta. Ili ndi Nickel (24%), Molybdenum (6.3%), nayitrogeni ndi chromium yomwe imapangitsa kuti zisautso, chloride pansi. Al6xn imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokana zolimba komanso zopondera ku chlorisi. Ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

ASMM A312 TP316 ndi njira yokhazikika ya msoko, komanso kuzizira kwambiri osakhazikika opaleshoni ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri ndi ntchito wamba. Chitoliro chosawoneka bwino mafakitale chimapangidwa kuchokera ku chromium, nickel, ndi molybdenum, omwe amapereka SS Quams Stuam Turnion ku kutukula ndi dzimbiri.

Magalasi okhazikika - omwe adayikapo sayansi-nickel-cobalt matobala, Kovar Smows, ali ndi mzere wowonjezera wowonjezera wofanana ndi galasi lolimba mkati mwa kutentha kwina

Nilo \ / alloy k W.NR.: 1.3981
Chitsulo chachitsulo
Ma welds omwe amapezeka ndi 304 \ / 304l ali ndi mphamvu yabwino komanso yowuma. Kuthana ndi mwayi woti muimbedwe ndikulimbikitsidwa kukhala ndi kukana kwenikweni. 304 \ / 304l ikhoza kupangidwa pakati pa 21009¡Ã 2350¡2 f.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 316

Imatha kupirira mankhwala osiyanasiyana osakhazikika komanso osasinthasintha, ndikuwonetsa kukana kwakukulu ndikumenya ndi Crevice pamaso pa chlorides ndi ma halides ena.

Duptux 2205 amapangidwa kuchokera ku mtengo wokwera mtengo, wosakhalitsa komanso wosakhalitsa. Gawo la chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga othamanga amatha kukhala owopsa, austetic kapena gawo lachiwiri. Zipangizo za Duverle zili ndi mphamvu zokhala ndi zitsulo zozizwitsa ndi mikhalidwe yopanda mafungo a austetic.

304 Nphwemba zopondapondazikulu zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, zinthu wamba komanso zodziwika bwino muzogwiritsidwa ntchito zambiri zamakampani zomwe zimafunikira kukana kuwonongeka ndi oxidation. Nyansiweli iyi ya S30400 imakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera ndi njira, zomwe zikuwonetsetsa kuti ndi olondola komanso odalirika.

Makina osapanga dzimbiri osapanga dzimbiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga chifukwa chokwanira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo wake. Ili ndi zabwino zambiri pamiyala yachiwiri yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yotchuka kuposa ina iliyonse. Kugwira ntchito kwa mtengo wapatali kwa ma emoy kwathandiza kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo kofala. Kuphatikiza pa izi, zimathandizanso pokonza dongosolo la ziwembu.

ASMM B564 SIMPE Fringe Monone 400 ali ndi vuto labwino kwambiri pakuchepetsa mavidiyo ngati sulufuric acids.

FSTELOLELOY G30 WHETELLOY WOSANGALALA KUSINTHA KWAMBIRI KWA SHOSHOORIC Acid kuposa phosphoric acid kuposa nthito ina kapena chitsulo. Ntchito yake monga acid acid mu makampani a feteleza ikukula tsiku ndi tsiku.
Zhengzhou Huitong Mapaipel Counc CO., LTD.

Zimawonetsa kukana bwino kusalowerera ndale. Izi za alloy zimapanga mwa khumi ndi chimodzi, filimu yoteteza yomwe siyitalikirapo, koma imasunganso kukana kwa makutina kuposa kutentha.

Monl 400 imagwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana acidic ndi alkaline ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa matenthedwe.

Chitsito chopanda maziko cha 316 chakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa gawo la mafakitale. Chitsulo ichi ndi chrome chimadziwika kuti ndikukana kwake kuvunda, komanso kukhazikika kwake. 316 Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimatha kupangidwa muzosaso komanso machubu owuma kuti akwaniritse zosowa zapadera za kasitomala.

316l 1.4401 s31603 Chipika chosapanga dzimbiri ndi njira yolimba komanso yolimba yofananira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazosiyanasiyana za mafakitale ndi malonda. Izi s31603 chitoliro chimapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zapamwamba za 316l osapanga dzimbiri mosapanga dzimbiri mosapanga chipongwe, oxidation ndi chomata, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino m'malo mwazinthu zovuta kapena zovuta.

Ma coil 625 amadziwika ndi kukana kwake kwabwino kwa oxidation, kutentha kwambiri komanso kutopa. ASTM B443 SANDO N06625 SIVELEILE imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu anthospace, mankhwala kutengera ndi mafuta ndi mafakitale chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri.

904l mbale yosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chosapanga chosapanga dzimbiri chomwe chimapereka mwayi wokhala ndi malo okhala m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kusakaniza kwa chromium ndi ma nickel zomwe zili, komanso kuwonjezera kwa Molybdenum ndi mkuwa, kumaperekanso mphamvu yolimbana ndi kuwononga. Ndili ndi Nickel 25% ndi Molybdenum 4.5%, Astme B625 SIMPE B625.904 imapereka lingaliro labwino ku Clorisside kuphwanya, kunyamula ndi 316l ndi 316l ndi 316l.

ASTM B564 SI06601 FASTEE SIVEL 601 ndi Anomium-chromium-chromium alloy omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafunikira kukana kuwonongeka ndi kutentha. Alonje a Nickel iyi imayamba chifukwa cha kukana kwake kutentha kwa maxidation, kukhalabe ogwiritsa ntchito maxidation mpaka 2200¡

Aloy 800 wedy wedy timakhala ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

Montel K500 chitoliro cham'mimba ndipo chipongwe chimakhala ndi chipongwe chambiri m'mitundu yambiri ya Marine ndi mankhwala. Kuchokera pamadzi oyera kupita ku ma acid michel, mchere ndi alkalis.

Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono 309 timayesedwa osapanga dzimbiri ndi mayeso ena a chifuwa chachikulu m'deralo ndipo zisanachitike musanalongeko ndi mayendedwe kuti zitsimikizire kuti makasitomala akupitako.

ASMM A403 WP321 Chipimba cha chitoliro chimatanthawuza chitoliro choyenera chomwe zinthu chimakhala chosakhazikika, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati makina opindika komanso otentha kwambiri.

Zoyenera zimapangidwa kenako kutentha mpaka kutentha kwambiri ndikuyamba kuzizira kwambiri mpaka kuzizira. Izi zozizirazi zimawonjezera mphamvu ya zojambula zosapanga dzimbiri ndikuwapangitsa kukhala olimba. Ma SS 310s oyenerera amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ngati madzi am'madzi, mafuta am'mimba ozungulira komanso pompopompo. 310s ss zolimbitsa thupi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makalasi osiyanasiyana kuti athe kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso.

Izi zimathandizira kuthana ndi sulufuric acid. Ilinso ndi mawu apamwamba kwambiri, kuti apititsenso kukana kwake kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi njira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mitsinje yolimba ndi mpweya wosungunuka.

Super duplex steple s32760 ndi a Austentic Austenitic-Ferritic Dupturic Ma Freple opangidwa kuchokera ku althoy omwe ali ndi chromium, nickel ndi molybdenum omwe ali ndi zoletsa za kaboni komanso zosachepera pren42. Serson mahers ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri, kukana kumenyedwa, kupsinjika kwa mipata kumayambitsa, kukokoloka ndi kutopa kotupa, kupindika kwa chipongwe.

Nickel Anoy 400 ndi Monl 400, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ndi N04400 Nictal-Copy-Copy-Copy kukhala makamaka mwa atatu a Nickel ndi chachitatu. Nickel Anoy 400 amadziwika chifukwa chokana kusiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza alkalis (kapena asidi), madzi amchere, ma hydrofluoric acid. Kuyambira monoy 400 kapena Aloy 400 ndi chitsulo chozizira chogwira ntchito, chivomerezichi chimakhala cholimba, kuuma ndi mphamvu. Pogwira ntchito yozizira astm B164 SARD N04400 bar stock, alloy imayang'aniridwa ndi kupsinjika kwamakina, komwe kumapangitsa kusintha kwa micrestructuctuctution ya Alloy.

FSTEOLLOY C2000 ikupezeka mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe amtunduwu, mtundu uwu wa chromium-molybdenum aroyoy amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso kukana.

Monl 400 ndi a chitsulo cha Nickel (pafupifupi 67% NI ¨C 23% cuations) Duckisity wabwino ndi matenthedwe abwino ogwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamu am'madzi am'madzi.

ASMM B564 SIMN N08825 Flange
Chromium yapamwamba, molybdenum ndi nayitrogeni imapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino kwambiri (zomwe zingachitike) zitsulo zokongoletsera ndi zotupa zosapanga dzimbiri, komanso kutentha kotsika kwambiri kuposa 50¡c.

ASTM B564 SI08825 Flange Incoloy 825 Mabowo ndi amodzi a ma flanges otere omwe amatsutsana kwambiri ndi maxichi ozizira komanso kuchepetsa acid. Amapangidwa kuti athetse kukana kwawo kukayamba kuwononga ndipo ndi oyera ku weld. Amalimbana ndi kulanda kwa chloride ndi chidwi. Komanso, aloy 825 ma flanges amaperekanso mawonekedwe abwino.

Chitoliro chosoka cha Titanichi chimadziwika ndi mphamvu zake zazikulu kuti athe kufeseza. Ndiwopadera pamalo opanda mafuta osanja ndipo ali ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono.?

Pofuna kufafanizira mapaipi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa payipi yolunjika pa mapaipi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma piipelines osiyanasiyana, mapaipi osiyanasiyana ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamene mapaipiwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, chikopa chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha kukula kwa mapaipi. Mukamacheza, chipika chanjira zitatu chowonekacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholumikizira cholumikizira, kuti chikhazikitse chipani cholumikizirana kapena kukula kwa nthawi yayitali komanso cholumikizira cholumikizira cha mapaipi. , Pakulumikizana ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, palinso zolumikizira ndi mapulagini a gawo la chida.

Mapaipi 254 amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina opanga masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso aloy 254 osuma amagwira ntchito yopanikizika kwambiri komanso malo okhala.

Ictives 600 yozungulira ndi intoy-valkel-brad-cenel carburrization ndi kukana bwino kuwonongedwa kwakukulu. Zingwe zozungulira 600 zozungulira zimagwira ntchito kuyanika cl2 ndi mipweya ina yambiri yofananira ndi kutentha kwambiri. Alloy 600 bar ndi a chromial-cromiyal-cromiyal-cromiyal-chloride bwino oxidation ndi kukana ku chloride kuwonongeka kwa chloride kugwa, ukhondo wamadzi acid kumatentha.
Imbani 36 K93600
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Chitsulo chachitsulo
Azerbaijani
1 1 4 'chitoliro 316
Opangidwa Mapeto, Mapeto Omveka "
Titanium tubing mphamvu zazikulu ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono
Chitoliro chachitsulo & chubu
304 304L 316 316L chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri
TP317, TP327L, TP310S, TP347, S31254, NOS8926
2205 s31803 duple pipe pamwamba

Kugonjetsedwa kwa Prososion Fretelloy kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mafakitale a mankhwala. Kufunika koyenera kumabweretsa mwayi wovomerezeka ndi mphamvu zawo, thanzi komanso zachilengedwe, mafuta ndi mpweya, mafakitale a mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Dumbuluma 304 Kuchepetsa kwa Zithunzi Zakale Zithunzi

Iswees osawoneka bwino kwambiri a sing'anga osawoneka N06600 ndi Astm B167 ndi omwe amapangidwa kuti apirire kwambiri ndikubwera ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu.

Incrooy 800h Valnge Tili ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.
Invalsel 718 ndi alloy-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu apamwamba monga Aweslospace ndi majini agalu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga a Ism B670 Invelve 718 ndiye kuti mbale yogubuduza. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya mbale za Intery18 zomwe zilipo pamsika: kuwotcha mbale zowombera.
Chithandizo cha post-weld chotentha cha Intersel 625 TOND Tsinga sikofunikira kuti musalimbane. Pofuna kubwezeretsa katundu wabwino kwambiri, malo onse otentha kapena ozizira a zinthu zomwe zisumbuzi siziyenera kukhala zowoneka bwino komanso zokhazikika. M'mavuto owopsa kwambiri a nickel ndi chromium zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwirizane ndi mankhwala oxidi. Illeveser 625 (2.4856) Kuthamanga ndi ma flangers nawonso amagonjetsedwanso chifukwa cha malo osakwanira. Bwino kumvetsetsa ziyeso za Intension 625

Zokhala ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 cha kukana kosankhidwa kwambiri, graider iyi kuvomerezedwa ndi makhosi a screck itha kuphatikizidwa ndi kachitidwe ka musidi wodula khosi. Dera lowonera limatha kuwunikiridwa mosavuta ndi radiography. Chitoliro chofanana ndi kuchepetsa chipwirikiti kumachepetsa mtima mkati mwa mapaipi. Flanger ndibwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zanu komanso ndi yabwino kugwiritsa ntchito ndi mpweya, madzi, mafuta, mpweya wachilengedwe, ndi nthunzi.

La Tuberia Stadada adasuta 254 es UNOXID ENUXITICO Austenitico de Monitititico de Alton Conal Un Bajoro Cribono de Carnado.

Nickel 200 Amalongosola Nickel 200 Malawi amakhala olimba, osasunthika, ndipo amaliza bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, Astm B564 SP52200 N02200 Zisoka zakhungu zimalimbana ndi kutengera ndale komanso zotsatsa, zimapangitsa kukhala bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirizira.

ASTM A182 Alloy Steel Malawi ndi disk yolimba yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa bomba kapena kupanga. Ikukwera mabowo mozungulira mozungulira ndipo mphete zosindikizira zamagesi zimapangidwa mu chikirocho.

Kuchulukitsa kwa titanium ndi pafupifupi 60% yomwe ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi nickel polosys, kupulumutsa thupi kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chodziwika bwino pakugwiritsa ntchito monga Arrospace.
Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri
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Chitsulo chachitsulo
Azerbaijani
1 1 4 'chitoliro 316
Opangidwa Mapeto, Mapeto Omveka "
Kuimbira 36: Opanda K93600, W.NR 1.3912
Chitoliro chachitsulo & chubu
304 304L 316 316L chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri

FOSTELOLELOY C22 yolumikizidwa ma flanges ali ndi kukana kwathunthu kwa onse kuchepetsa ndi kuchuluka kwa ma cels ndipo chifukwa cha kusafunikira kwake kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pomwe ° zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe zidakwiya.

Nilo Anoy 36, w.NR 1.3912, Inciar 36 ® ndi chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chomwe chili ndi 36% Nickel ndipo ali ndi gawo la kufalikira kwa gawo limodzi la chitsulo cha kaboni pafupifupi.

ASMM A269TP304, TP304L, TP316, TP316, TP3277, S3826

Incrooy 800h Valnge Tili ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.
Invalsel 718 ndi alloy-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu apamwamba monga Aweslospace ndi majini agalu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga a Ism B670 Invelve 718 ndiye kuti mbale yogubuduza. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya mbale za Intery18 zomwe zilipo pamsika: kuwotcha mbale zowombera.
Chithandizo cha post-weld chotentha cha Intersel 625 TOND Tsinga sikofunikira kuti musalimbane. Pofuna kubwezeretsa katundu wabwino kwambiri, malo onse otentha kapena ozizira a zinthu zomwe zisumbuzi siziyenera kukhala zowoneka bwino komanso zokhazikika. M'mavuto owopsa kwambiri a nickel ndi chromium zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwirizane ndi mankhwala oxidi. Illeveser 625 (2.4856) Kuthamanga ndi ma flangers nawonso amagonjetsedwanso chifukwa cha malo osakwanira. Bwino kumvetsetsa ziyeso za Intension 625

Intelsel imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Arospace mapulogalamu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma Marine. Ntchito zodziwika bwino za chilonoli ndi akasupe, zisindikizo, zomata zamagetsi, zolumikizira zamagetsi, zolumikizira, zida zosinthika, ndi zigawo za cooltophic.

Makinawa pa 2205 chipika chachitsulo chimatsika chifukwa champhamvu. Kuthamanga kocheperako kuli kotsika 20% kuposa kalasi 304.

Nthawi zambiri N08367 imatchedwanso Al6xn Al6xn ndi kaboni yotsika, yoyera kwambiri, nulytel-molybdenum yolimbana ndi crevice.

Super Dumple 2507 silingalimbikitsidwe ndi kutentha kutentha. Kuzindikira kumachitika pa 1920¡f - 2060¡f (1049¡cÃc - 1127¡c), kutsatiridwa ndi kuzizira kwambiri.

Mapaipi a kusokonekera kosasaka kumakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi katundu wapamwamba kwambiri komanso mphamvu zambiri.

316L ndi chisankho chabwino monga 316 chikuphatikizidwa ndi kutumphuka kuposa 316l (kuvunda mkati mwa weld). Komabe, 316 ikhoza kukhala yonyengedwa kuti ithane kuti ilambiridwa. ...

Sch40 Monol 400 chitoliro chimasankhidwa kukhala nambala ya Werkstoff 2.4360 ndi N04400. Chipika 400 chimadziwikanso kuti Monil Anoy chitoliro cha 400, Monl 400 Pipe & Nickel Chitoliro 400.

Gulu la kalasi 310s chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chomwe chili ndi mpweya wotsika, wokhala ndi ma nickel ndi chromium
Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri
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Chitsulo chachitsulo
Azerbaijani
1 1 4 'chitoliro 316
Opangidwa Mapeto, Mapeto Omveka "
Kuimbira 36: Opanda K93600, W.NR 1.3912
Chitoliro chachitsulo & chubu
304 304L 316 316L chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri

Ndiwo chitsulo cha kaboni ndipo sichingalimbane ndi kutukuka. Lidzatetezedwa. Itha kukhala yolumikizidwa mosavuta kapena kuzizira komwe kumapangidwa ngati chitsulo chokhazikika kaboni.
Imbani 36 K93600
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Chitsulo chachitsulo
Azerbaijani
1 1 4 'chitoliro 316
Opangidwa Mapeto, Mapeto Omveka "
Titanium tubing mphamvu zazikulu ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono
Chitoliro chachitsulo & chubu
304 304L 316 316L chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri
TP317, TP327L, TP310S, TP347, S31254, NOS8926
Monl 400 chitoliro cha mafelemu a magalasi magalasi

Poyerekeza ndi Ferrite, ili ndi pulasitiki yapamwamba, kulibe kutentha kwa chipinda, ndikugwiritsa ntchito kutentha, ndikusunga ma 475 ¡ Poyerekeza ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, mphamvu zake zokolola zimasinthidwa kwambiri, ndipo kukana kwake kuphatikizika, kupsinjika kutopa, kutopa kotupa ndi mabrasion kumasintha kwambiri.

Maphunziro osapanga dzimbiri 316 amawononga ndalama chifukwa cha kukana kwawo kovunda. Aloya apamwamba kwambiri awa amalimbikitsidwa makamaka kuti agwiritse ntchito pomwe alloy amadziwika ndi njira zosinthira ndi chlorides, kuphatikizapo madzi am'madzi.

FOSTELOLOY C2000 amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri kuphatikizapo mafakitale a petrochemical, makonzedwe a mankhwala opanga mafuta, zophika zamafuta ndi zomera.

HT chipatuli cha HT stoms osawoneka bwino komanso zoweta 304 \ / 304l chitoliro cha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Kalasi iyi yachitsulo ndi kalasi yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kukana kwake ku kututa kwake ndi oxidation. Zina mwa mapindu ake posankha zinthuzi popereka ndalama zimaphatikizapo ndalama zake zochepetsera, kuthekera kopirira malo ovutikiratu, komanso kutopa. Tsamba 304 ndi 304l mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri amachita bwino kutentha kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri. Zitsulo zamtunduwu ndizokhazikika ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana ndi mafakitale ambiri.