Pangani Kupanga B36.10 ASME B36.38

Iyenera kutsekedwa mu chitoliro musanalowe. Pankhaniyi, ndi mainchesi awiri mbali zonse ziwiri (i.e. Mkati ndi kunja), motero imapereka bearatility yomwe imathandiza kupewa kutaya.

FSTEOLLOY C2000 ikupezeka mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe amtunduwu, mtundu uwu wa chromium-molybdenum aroyoy amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso kukana.

A Austm A403 WP304 Zoyenera ndi mtundu wa austetic kalasi yoyenera. Zovala za SS chitoliro zimatha kukhala zopanda pake kapena zochokera.

Al6xn ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosakhazikika ku chloride pansi, crevice kutukuka komanso kupsinjika kuwonongeka. Al6xn ndi Alloy a 6 wokhazikika womwe umapangidwa ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta. Ili ndi Nickel (24%), Molybdenum (6.3%), nayitrogeni ndi chromium yomwe imapangitsa kuti zisautso, chloride pansi. Al6xn imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokana zolimba komanso zopondera ku chlorisi. Ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

Invalsel 718 ndi alloy-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu apamwamba monga Aweslospace ndi majini agalu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga a Ism B670 Invelve 718 ndiye kuti mbale yogubuduza. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya mbale za Intery18 zomwe zilipo pamsika: kuwotcha mbale zowombera.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chomwe chimagwirizana ndi kufinya komanso kutukula. Ili ndi 11% chromium ndipo imatha kukhala ndi zinthu monga kaboni, zina zosakhala ndi zitsulo zina kuti mupeze zomwe akufuna. Kutsutsa kwanyengo kwa dzimbiri ku kuturuka kumabweretsa chifukwa cha chromium, omwe amapanga kanema wongokhala womwe umatha kuteteza zinthuzo ndikudzichiritsa pamaso pa oxygen

Kuwala kwamatumbo kumatenga malo oyenera omwe amafikira kupitilira mkombero. Malingaliro awa, omwe amapangidwa mwangozi chifukwa cha kuwunika, amawombedwa mapaipi.

ASTM A240 Mtundu 2205 Plate ndi duwa losapanga dzimbiri lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, kufufuza kwamafuta ndi mafuta, ndi ukadaulo wamadzi, ndi ukadaulo wamadzi. Mapepala 2205 amapangidwa kuchokera ku kalasi ya SAGIS 2205, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe chimaphatikizika ndi chitsulo champhamvu.

Zimawonetsa kukana bwino kusalowerera ndale. Izi za alloy zimapanga mwa khumi ndi chimodzi, filimu yoteteza yomwe siyitalikirapo, koma imasunganso kukana kwa makutina kuposa kutentha.

Ictives 600 yozungulira ndi intoy-valkel-brad-cenel carburrization ndi kukana bwino kuwonongedwa kwakukulu. Zingwe zozungulira 600 zozungulira zimagwira ntchito kuyanika cl2 ndi mipweya ina yambiri yofananira ndi kutentha kwambiri. Alloy 600 bar ndi a chromial-cromiyal-cromiyal-cromiyal-chloride bwino oxidation ndi kukana ku chloride kuwonongeka kwa chloride kugwa, ukhondo wamadzi acid kumatentha.

Magalasi okhazikika - omwe adayikapo sayansi-nickel-cobalt matobala, Kovar Smows, ali ndi mzere wowonjezera wowonjezera wofanana ndi galasi lolimba mkati mwa kutentha kwina
Ecoloy 800h isbows mu kukonza zotentha kwambiri-kutentha kwambiri

316l 1.4401 s31603 Chipika chosapanga dzimbiri ndi njira yolimba komanso yolimba yofananira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazosiyanasiyana za mafakitale ndi malonda. Izi s31603 chitoliro chimapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zapamwamba za 316l osapanga dzimbiri mosapanga dzimbiri mosapanga chipongwe, oxidation ndi chomata, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino m'malo mwazinthu zovuta kapena zovuta.

304 Zosasangalatsa 12 Chipata chachitsulo
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za 304 ndi kalasi yaukadaulo yomwe imatha kupanikizika kwambiri. Khalidwe ili ladzetsa mpaka patapita kalasi yoyamba yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mapulogalamu monga ma sthing ndi ma pans.
Kupanga Rame B36.10 ASME B36.62

FOSTELOLOY C2000 amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri kuphatikizapo mafakitale a petrochemical, makonzedwe a mankhwala opanga mafuta, zophika zamafuta ndi zomera.

ASME A182 Alloy Steme Zopangidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe a ASM ASM A182, zomwe zimakwirira kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kutentha kwa B16.47 ndi B16.48.

Ictesel 625 inbow imapangidwa ndi ma chromium-cromium-molybdenum alloy odziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu, kuthana ndi kutentha, komanso kukana kuwonongeka.

Chromium yapamwamba, molybdenum ndi nayitrogeni imapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino kwambiri (zomwe zingachitike) zitsulo zokongoletsera ndi zotupa zosapanga dzimbiri, komanso kutentha kotsika kwambiri kuposa 50¡c.

Asme B36.19M ndiye wofanana ndendende ndi mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimafotokoza kukula kwake, kulolerana, ndi zomwe amapanga maenda owala komanso osaka.

Aloy 800 wedy wedy timakhala ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

Zitsulo Zosasunthika Zakuthupi A312 TP304, TP304L, TP316, TP317, TP317, TP317, TP317, TP317, TP317, TP317, TP317, TP317, TP317, TP327, TP317

Izi zimathandizira kuthana ndi sulufuric acid. Ilinso ndi mawu apamwamba kwambiri, kuti apititsenso kukana kwake kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi njira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mitsinje yolimba ndi mpweya wosungunuka.

Sae 304 Chitsulo chopanda dzimbiri ndiye chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Zitsulo zimakhala ndi zonse ziwiri zachitsulo (pakati pa 18% ndi 20%) ndi nickel (pakati pa 8% ndi 10,5%). Ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Zimakhala zochepa zamagetsi komanso zomwe zimayambitsa thupi kuposa chitsuloboni. Ndi maginito, koma ochepa mphamvu kuposa chitsulo. Ili ndi chipongwe chachikulu kuposa chitsulo chokhazikika ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kupangika komwe kumapangidwira mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. [1]

Kugonjetsedwa kwa Prososion Fretelloy kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mafakitale a mankhwala. Kufunika koyenera kumabweretsa mwayi wovomerezeka ndi mphamvu zawo, thanzi komanso zachilengedwe, mafuta ndi mpweya, mafakitale a mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Ali ndi malingaliro abwino ndi oxidation. Kulimbikitsidwa kwa Super Repolly kumachitika ndi kusintha kolimba-kosangalatsa, kugwira ntchito yolimba, komanso njira zoukira.

Gulu la kalasi 150.5. Kumbali inayo, katundu monga nyonga ndi kuuma kwa magetsi a Monl 400 amangochepetsedwa pang'ono ndi zinthu zina ngati maulendo ena kapena kukana.

Chipilala chosapanga dzinde chitsulo chopanda chisapangidwe chimapukutidwa kunja komanso mkati mwa miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri. Kutalika kwathu 20 kwa opukutira ode \ / ID ID kumakumana ndi Asthent A270 ndi 3A oyera oyera. Chifuwa chopanda chiyero, choyera, mavesi aukhondo ndi zinthu zina zimapangidwa chifukwa cha chakudya ndi chakumwa, mafakitale azogulitsa. Zogulitsa zathu zimapangidwa kuti zizichepetsa madera omwe mabakikitsi amatha kupanga ndi kunyanyala. Zoyenera Zopanda Pakhalire, zopangidwa kuti zigwetsedwe, kutsukidwa ndikuwunikiranso mzere wodalirika wokha.

ASMM A312 TP316 ndi njira yokhazikika ya msoko, komanso kuzizira kwambiri osakhazikika opaleshoni ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri ndi ntchito wamba. Chitoliro chosawoneka bwino mafakitale chimapangidwa kuchokera ku chromium, nickel, ndi molybdenum, omwe amapereka SS Quams Stuam Turnion ku kutukula ndi dzimbiri.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 304 chili ndi kusintha kwabwino kwa malo osiyanasiyana komanso kumalumikizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowononga. Kupitira ndi crevice kuphukira kumatha kuchitika ku chloride wokhala ndi malo. Kupsinjika kuwonongeka kumatha kuchitika pamatenthedwe owonjezera 60h.

Intelsel Aloy 800 ma bolts amalimbana kwambiri ndi kuchepetsa, kudzitchinjiriza komanso oxidi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'madigiri 1100. Intelsel Aloy 800 Bolts ndizovuta kwambiri momwe zingathere pazofunikira zawo zonse. Kukhazikitsidwa kwake kumachitika kudzera pamayendedwe osiyanasiyana, monga kutentha kapena kuzizira. Nthawi zambiri, otchedwa owunika ndi kupsa mtima amapangidwa ndi opareshoni, ndipo ntchito yoyaka imachitikanso.

Timagwiritsa ntchito zida zoyeserera komanso zoyenerera kuti tithandizire kugwiritsa ntchito machubu a alloy. Izi zimakonzedwa kudzera pa mitambo yomwe imatsitsimutsa zinthu ndi zinthu zakuthupi.

S32750 S32760 Super Duptux dambo wosapanga matope osakhazikika

Asme Sa403 chitoliro chikugwetsa chosapanga dzimbiri cha chitsulo cha 304 chitoliro chopanga ku China

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zopondaponda m'mafuta ndi mafuta a gasi \ / kupanga ndi kusinthidwa kwa kutentha mu petrochemical \ / mankhwala.

FOSTELOLOY B3 PEFFICTICAATION IMAPOOS OKHUDZANI KWAMBIRI KWA ZINSINSI ZOTHANDIZA

Interseller 625 yozungulira ndi ya chromium-chromium-molbdenum-polboy-molbdenum -. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino pokana malo osakhala okonda oxidi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazopanga zachuma.

Sch40 Monol 400 chitoliro chimasankhidwa kukhala nambala ya Werkstoff 2.4360 ndi N04400. Chipika 400 chimadziwikanso kuti Monil Anoy chitoliro cha 400, Monl 400 Pipe & Nickel Chitoliro 400.

Zokhala ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 cha kukana kosankhidwa kwambiri, graider iyi kuvomerezedwa ndi makhosi a screck itha kuphatikizidwa ndi kachitidwe ka musidi wodula khosi. Dera lowonera limatha kuwunikiridwa mosavuta ndi radiography. Chitoliro chofanana ndi kuchepetsa chipwirikiti kumachepetsa mtima mkati mwa mapaipi. Flanger ndibwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zanu komanso ndi yabwino kugwiritsa ntchito ndi mpweya, madzi, mafuta, mpweya wachilengedwe, ndi nthunzi.
Nickel Anoney othamanga
Kurdish (Kurmanji)
Scottish Gaelic
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Chitsulo cha caputor
Gulu la kalasi 150.
ASME A240 Mtundu 2205 Drite Stockgerder SA 240 GRE 2205
Chitoliro cha duplex & chubu
A789 S31803 ndi S320205 BUM
Alloy Steel Nozzle Aszy A182 F5 F9 F11 D11 Okwera Kwambiri
ASTM B407 SIMIS N08800 Sylloy 800 Spellise paipe

316LL Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi mtundu wa kaboni wazomera 316 zomwe zimathandiza kupewa kusanja kwa nthawi yotentha. Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zilipo pafupifupi 16% ¡¡ªbut zimachulukitsa zomwe zili ku nickel ndikuwonjezera molybdenum ku kusakaniza.

Nickel kutengera 800 inclooy chitoliro chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi kukana bwino kuwonongeka. Makamaka kuyankhula, chisumbulu 800 chitoliro chimapereka kukana mokwanira zotsutsana ndi ma carburization onse komanso oxidation kutukula.

Nickel Anoy 400 ndi Monl 400, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ndi N04400 Nictal-Copy-Copy-Copy kukhala makamaka mwa atatu a Nickel ndi chachitatu. Nickel Anoy 400 amadziwika chifukwa chokana kusiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza alkalis (kapena asidi), madzi amchere, ma hydrofluoric acid. Kuyambira monoy 400 kapena Aloy 400 ndi chitsulo chozizira chogwira ntchito, chivomerezichi chimakhala cholimba, kuuma ndi mphamvu. Pogwira ntchito yozizira astm B164 SARD N04400 bar stock, alloy imayang'aniridwa ndi kupsinjika kwamakina, komwe kumapangitsa kusintha kwa micrestructuctuctution ya Alloy.

Ubwino wa mawonekedwe owirikiza ndi kuti amaphatikiza zabwino za ma emoss (kukana kupsinjika kuwonongeka ndikulimbana) ndi maubwino a austetic endows (momasuka kupanga).

ASTM A234 ndi gawo lamphamvu pazithunzi zachitsulo zimaphatikizapo zinthu zachitsulo zotentha komanso zazitali za kutentha.

Iswees osawoneka bwino kwambiri a sing'anga osawoneka N06600 ndi Astm B167 ndi omwe amapangidwa kuti apirire kwambiri ndikubwera ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu.

SS 316L Stofly Pupetings ali ndi kulimba kwakukulu komwe kumapanikizika komanso kukopa kwachisoni kuposa mnzake wotsika mtengo.

Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha A403 WS31254 lili ndi chromium ndi malo otsika a carbon.ice:? ¡± a 48, 40s, 80s, xxs.

Asme B36.19M Chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri
A-694 maphunziro, F42 mpaka F70 (yogwiritsira ntchito voliyumu). Chifukwa cha mphamvu zazikulu za nkhaniyi, mupeza bwino kwambiri muutumiki wa Supumbing. Alloy Steel Kutalika ali ndi chromium ndi molybdenum zomwe zili mkati mwa maboni otayika ndikupangidwira kutentha kwambiri (zoposa 1000 * f), ntchito yayikulu. Amakhalanso ndi kukana kwapamwamba kuposa ma carbon stemes chifukwa cha zinthu zawo zapamwamba.

A789 S31803 ndi S32205 ndi zitsulo ziwiri zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito zosiyanasiyana. Mapaipi awa a duplex s31803 osakhala opanda chidwi amadziwika chifukwa chokana kwambiri kuwonongeka, mphamvu zazikulu, komanso kutopa kwambiri. A789 ndi lingaliro lomwe limakwirira osawoneka bwino komanso machubu opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

Inter 36 ® ndi chitsulo-chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chomwe chili ndi 36% Nickel, IMPARS 36 ili ndi zochulukirapo pakukula kwa kutentha kwa a Crogenic pafupifupi + 260 ° C).

Illevesel 625 isbows chipika chofiyira chopezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Chitsito chopanda maziko cha 316 chakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa gawo la mafakitale. Chitsulo ichi ndi chrome chimadziwika kuti ndikukana kwake kuvunda, komanso kukhazikika kwake. 316 Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimatha kupangidwa muzosaso komanso machubu owuma kuti akwaniritse zosowa zapadera za kasitomala.
Alloy 800 ndi a nickeum-chromiam almoy mphamvu ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana kwa oxidation ndi kutupa kwambiri. ASTM B407 SINE N08800 infoloy 800 WR. 1.4876 Chitoliro chowala bwino chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga zida zofuna kukana kuchuluka, kukana kutentha, mphamvu, komanso kukhazikika pakuchita nawo ntchito mpaka 1500 ° C).
Zizindikiro za Nickel-Copy-Copy 400 monol 2.4360 molunjika rod ndiyabwino kwambiri opsinjika ku chloride ku chloride movutikira mukakumana ndi zowononga m'matumbo. Monl 400 ndi a Haloy ndi Nickel omwe amadziwika masiku ano chifukwa cha ntchito yake yayitali. Alloy ali ndi kukana bwino acid ndi alkali. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi mphamvu zabwino zokhala ndi mphamvu, duckity, kukhala waulimi wabwino kwambiri, ndipo imatha kuumitsidwa ndi ntchito yozizira. Kuphatikiza apo, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poizona ndi kutentha kuyambira kuchotsera mpaka 538 digiri Celsius.

Kudya ndi mawu omwe amatanthauza gulu losakanizika kwachitsulo komwe kumakhazikitsidwa pa nickel. Kudya kwapadera kwa katundu komwe kumawapatsa mphamvu zolimba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ma entys azikhalidwe. Mwakutero, idavomerezedwa kwambiri mu mankhwala ndi mafakitale ogwirizanitsa, ndipo tsopano ali ndi mbiri yakale ya zaka 50 za ntchito yotsimikizika mu kuchuluka kwa mankhwala.
Nickel Anoney othamanga
Kurdish (Kurmanji)
Scottish Gaelic
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Chitsulo cha caputor
Gulu la kalasi 150.
ASME A240 Mtundu 2205 Drite Stockgerder SA 240 GRE 2205
Chitoliro cha duplex & chubu
A789 S31803 ndi S320205 BUM
Alloy Steel Nozzle Aszy A182 F5 F9 F11 D11 Okwera Kwambiri
CU yi telloy zitsulo zikuluzikulu za astm sb 466 squarn c70600.

Imatha kupirira mankhwala osiyanasiyana osakhazikika komanso osasinthasintha, ndikuwonetsa kukana kwakukulu ndikumenya ndi Crevice pamaso pa chlorides ndi ma halides ena.
304 Chitoliro cha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Kurdish (Kurmanji)
Scottish Gaelic
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Chitsulo cha caputor
Gulu la kalasi 150.
HT ASTM A403 WS31255-S 0.75 Sch10s Asme B16.9 Kutentha No.61139
Chitoliro cha duplex & chubu
A789 S31803 ndi S320205 BUM

Ma coil 625 amadziwika ndi kukana kwake kwabwino kwa oxidation, kutentha kwambiri komanso kutopa. ASTM B443 SANDO N06625 SIVELEILE imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu anthospace, mankhwala kutengera ndi mafuta ndi mafakitale chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri.
Nickel Anoney othamanga
Kurdish (Kurmanji)
Scottish Gaelic
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Chitsulo cha caputor
Gulu la kalasi 150.
ASME A240 Mtundu 2205 Drite Stockgerder SA 240 GRE 2205
Chitoliro cha duplex & chubu
A789 S31803 ndi S320205 BUM
Alloy Steel Nozzle Aszy A182 F5 F9 F11 D11 Okwera Kwambiri
Chitetezo, zolemetsa za dziko lapansi zoyenda kapena Aerospace.

Incrooy 800h Valnge Tili ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yayikulu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

Kuphatikiza pa phindu la chilengedwe izi, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhalanso zokopa dzimbiri, zaukhondo kwambiri, zosavuta kukhalabe, zolimba kwambiri ndipo zimapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zotsatira zake, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimatha kupezeka m'magawo ambiri. Imenenso imathandizanso mafakitale ambiri, kuphatikizapo mphamvu, mayendedwe, kumanga, kufufuza, chakudya komanso zinthu zina.

Pofuna kufafanizira mapaipi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa payipi yolunjika pa mapaipi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma piipelines osiyanasiyana, mapaipi osiyanasiyana ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pamene mapaipiwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, chikopa chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha kukula kwa mapaipi. Mukamacheza, chipika chanjira zitatu chowonekacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholumikizira cholumikizira, kuti chikhazikitse chipani cholumikizirana kapena kukula kwa nthawi yayitali komanso cholumikizira cholumikizira cha mapaipi. , Pakulumikizana ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, palinso zolumikizira ndi mapulagini a gawo la chida.

Nthawi zambiri N08367 imatchedwanso Al6xn Al6xn ndi kaboni yotsika, yoyera kwambiri, nulytel-molybdenum yolimbana ndi crevice.

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhalanso osalowerera ndale komanso kukhala bwino, ndipo nthawi yake yovuta imakwaniritsa zofunikira za zomangamanga. Kuphatikiza apo, sizili zotsatsa zinthu zomwe zingasinthe kapangidwe kake mukakumana ndi zinthu ngati madzi.

Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ziyenera kukhala ndi chromium osachepera 10%. Kutengera ndi kalasi, kumatha kukhala ndi magawo apamwamba kwambiri a chromium, komanso zophatikiza zina zophatikiza ngati Molybdenum, nickel, Titeroroumu, phomphous kapena selenium kapena selenium.

ANI B 16.47 Monl din grades (44375 yolumikizidwa imawombedwa imawombedwa kapena yoyenererana ndi mawonekedwe amodzi. ASMM B 564 Monil K500 Lap Jount Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto onse ndipo akupezeka pamtundu wambiri. Amatha kuwonongedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito machitidwe omwe amachokera kapena kuvunda mwachangu. Timasunga tabu pamsika ndi zofuna za zofuna zatsopano, zopangidwa ndi zatsopano komanso zachuma zomwe zimatha kuchitika. Zogulitsa zathu ndizotsimikizika kwathunthu komanso 100%.