Kutalika: Malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna. "

ASMM A213 TP304, TP304L, TP316, TP316L, TP327, TP3427, TP3425, TP3425, S3125, S3126, NO8904

Ma coil 625 amadziwika ndi kukana kwake kwabwino kwa oxidation, kutentha kwambiri komanso kutopa. ASTM B443 SANDO N06625 SIVELEILE imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu anthospace, mankhwala kutengera ndi mafuta ndi mafakitale chifukwa champhamvu kwambiri.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zopondaponda m'mafuta ndi mafuta a gasi \ / kupanga ndi kusinthidwa kwa kutentha mu petrochemical \ / mankhwala.

Nute ndi wosavuta womwe umadutsa mu radius yamkati. Mtedza umagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma bolts kuti agwire zigawo zopanda malire, zinthu ndi zida zamitundu yambiri zamapulogalamu ambiri. Pamene Monil 400 Anoy imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chopanga mtedza, mapindu ake amatha kuwoneka mwachidule komanso kwakanthawi. Montel Nickel Copper 400 mtedza umapereka nyonga ndi kuponyera m'malo onse a acidic ndi alkaline. Montel nicu 400 mtedza umadziwikanso chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo oyenera komanso osakhala osowa m'madzi amchere ndi hydrofluoric acid.

Astm A312 TP316 SMICILARICICICICICT TIPIP SMIP S31600 SMS SMS
Chromium Molybdenum umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mibadwo yamphamvu ndi mafuta a mtima chifukwa champhamvu zake, kutunkha kotentha komanso kulimba kwambiri.
Illevesel Pipe Natioxidant Kukana

Asme B36.19M ndiye wofanana ndendende ndi mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri, zomwe zimafotokoza kukula kwake, kulolerana, ndi zomwe amapanga maenda owala komanso osaka.

FOSTELLELY WOPHUNZITSA
Nickel kutengera 800 inclooy chitoliro chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi kukana bwino kuwonongeka. Makamaka kuyankhula, chisumbulu 800 chitoliro chimapereka kukana mokwanira zotsutsana ndi ma carburization onse komanso oxidation kutukula.

Alloy 800 ndi a nickeum-chromiam almoy mphamvu ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana kwa oxidation ndi kutupa kwambiri. ASTM B407 SINE N08800 infoloy 800 WR. 1.4876 Chitoliro chowala bwino chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga zida zofuna kukana kuchuluka, kukana kutentha, mphamvu, komanso kukhazikika pakuchita nawo ntchito mpaka 1500 ° C).

Nilo Anoy 36, w.NR 1.3912, Inciar 36 ® ndi chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chomwe chili ndi 36% Nickel ndipo ali ndi gawo la kufalikira kwa gawo limodzi la chitsulo cha kaboni pafupifupi.

Monl 400 ndi a chitsulo cha Nickel (pafupifupi 67% NI ¨C 23% cuations) Duckisity wabwino ndi matenthedwe abwino ogwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamu am'madzi am'madzi.

Incoloy 925 wowoneka bwino ma flanges akanagwirizana ndi chloride ion cucs ¨C kutungalidwa. Chifukwa cha inclooy 925 weld reacs umapereka kukana kwabwino kwambiri kwa oxidizing ndikuchepetsa malo, kalasi yatsimikizira ntchito zowonjezera mu ma ¡gawo la mafuta.

Makina osakwana N04400 a Moren Monl 400 amaonetsa umboni wa kutentha kwambiri. Kumbali inayo, katundu monga nyonga ndi kuuma kwa magetsi a Monl 400 amangochepetsedwa pang'ono ndi zinthu zina ngati maulendo ena kapena kukana.

Zimawonetsa kukana bwino kusalowerera ndale. Izi za alloy zimapanga mwa khumi ndi chimodzi, filimu yoteteza yomwe siyitalikirapo, koma imasunganso kukana kwa makutina kuposa kutentha.

Mapaipi 254 amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa makina opanga masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso aloy 254 osuma amagwira ntchito yopanikizika kwambiri komanso malo okhala.

FOSTELOLOY C2000 amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri kuphatikizapo mafakitale a petrochemical, makonzedwe a mankhwala opanga mafuta, zophika zamafuta ndi zomera.

316l 1.4401 s31603 Chipika chosapanga dzimbiri ndi njira yolimba komanso yolimba yofananira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazosiyanasiyana za mafakitale ndi malonda. Izi s31603 chitoliro chimapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zapamwamba za 316l osapanga dzimbiri mosapanga dzimbiri mosapanga chipongwe, oxidation ndi chomata, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino m'malo mwazinthu zovuta kapena zovuta.

Mapaipi a Duplex amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ma duplex osapanga chitsulo chosapanga chitsulo. Pali mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwa mapaipi awa.

Imatha kupirira mankhwala osiyanasiyana osakhazikika komanso osasinthasintha, ndikuwonetsa kukana kwakukulu ndikumenya ndi Crevice pamaso pa chlorides ndi ma halides ena.

Pirimita yopanda dzimbiri 304l ndiye chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chogwiritsidwa ntchito chosapanga dzimbiri. Amadziwikanso kuti "18 \ / 8" chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chifukwa kapangidwe kake kumaphatikizapo 18% chromium ndi 8% Nickel. Chitsulo chopanda dzimbiri cha 304 chimakhala ndi mwayi wabwino komanso wotanganidwa komanso kukana mphamvu ndi mphamvu yayikulu.

Magalasi okhazikika - omwe adayikapo sayansi-nickel-cobalt matobala, Kovar Smows, ali ndi mzere wowonjezera wowonjezera wofanana ndi galasi lolimba mkati mwa kutentha kwina
Kukula "OD: 1 \ / 2" "~ 48" "

Zizindikiro za Nickel-Copy-Copy 400 monol 2.4360 molunjika rod ndiyabwino kwambiri opsinjika ku chloride ku chloride movutikira mukakumana ndi zowononga m'matumbo. Monl 400 ndi a Haloy ndi Nickel omwe amadziwika masiku ano chifukwa cha ntchito yake yayitali. Alloy ali ndi kukana bwino acid ndi alkali. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi mphamvu zabwino zokhala ndi mphamvu, duckity, kukhala waulimi wabwino kwambiri, ndipo imatha kuumitsidwa ndi ntchito yozizira. Kuphatikiza apo, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poizona ndi kutentha kuyambira kuchotsera mpaka 538 digiri Celsius.

FOSTELOLELOY C22 \ / C276 Oyendetsa Magetsi ali ndi vuto lalikulu, kukhazikika, kulimba, mphamvu zambiri, mphamvu zambiri, mphamvu zambiri. Kukhalapo kwa Molybdenum ndi tungsten kumapereka kukana kwabwino kukonza media. Zolemba za nickelloy C22 zoyeserera zimapereka moyenera kuthana ndi maxiyamu. Othandizira osala izi amagwiranso ntchito kunyowa bwino m'madera okhala ndi chlorine, formic acid, ndi acetic acid.

Kuchuluka kwa Molybdenum zomwe zimapangidwa mwadzidzidzi kwa 254smo zosapanga dzimbiri zimapangitsa kukhala ndi mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri wamafuta akakhala odzoza, chifukwa cha ringher pamtunda mutatha kusapanga kusapanga dzimbiri. Komabe, izi ziribe vuto la kuwonongeka kwa chitsulo.

OTRA DIFIME MPRE LA ASHIA ASTM BEREA A NEQUEL C276 Y LO Aleacion Cquinia maquinabidad.

Zomwe zili ndi kaboni, manganese, phosphorous, sulfure, silicon, 8% chromium ndi molybdenum mu osakaniza. SA35 kalasi P5 Aloy chitoliro chimakhala ndi mphamvu zofananira ndi ma grade ambiri osapanga dzimbiri, ndipo osachepera mphamvu yokwanira 205mm yamphamvu ya 205mm yocheperako ya 415mm.

A789 S31803 ndi S32205 ndi zitsulo ziwiri zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito zosiyanasiyana. Mapaipi awa a duplex s31803 osakhala opanda chidwi amadziwika chifukwa chokana kwambiri kuwonongeka, mphamvu zazikulu, komanso kutopa kwambiri. A789 ndi lingaliro lomwe limakwirira osawoneka bwino komanso machubu opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.

Round Bar kuyambira 3 \ / 4 "mpaka 6" mainchesi, ndi pepala lopepuka ndi mbale. Incloy 800 h zakuthupi zitha kuperekedwa munthawi yayitali, kudula kuti muyitanitse kapena kulinganiza zofunikira kwa makasitomala. Makina amaphatikizapo kubowola, kubisa, mphero, mawonekedwe a CNC, kutembenuka, kuwonda, kumachitika kumachitika.

Sch40 Monol 400 chitoliro chimasankhidwa kukhala nambala ya Werkstoff 2.4360 ndi N04400. Chipika 400 chimadziwikanso kuti Monil Anoy chitoliro cha 400, Monl 400 Pipe & Nickel Chitoliro 400.

304 Nphwemba zopondapondazikulu zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, zinthu wamba komanso zodziwika bwino muzogwiritsidwa ntchito zambiri zamakampani zomwe zimafunikira kukana kuwonongeka ndi oxidation. Nyansiweli iyi ya S30400 imakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera ndi njira, zomwe zikuwonetsetsa kuti ndi olondola komanso odalirika.

Chromium yapamwamba, molybdenum ndi nayitrogeni imapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino kwambiri (zomwe zingachitike) zitsulo zokongoletsera ndi zotupa zosapanga dzimbiri, komanso kutentha kotsika kwambiri kuposa 50¡c.

Inter 36 ® ndi chitsulo-chitsulo chotsika kwambiri chomwe chili ndi 36% Nickel, IMPARS 36 ili ndi zochulukirapo pakukula kwa kutentha kwa a Crogenic pafupifupi + 260 ° C).

ASMM A312 TP316 ndi njira yokhazikika ya msoko, komanso kuzizira kwambiri osakhazikika opaleshoni ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri ndi ntchito wamba. Chitoliro chosawoneka bwino mafakitale chimapangidwa kuchokera ku chromium, nickel, ndi molybdenum, omwe amapereka SS Quams Stuam Turnion ku kutukula ndi dzimbiri.

Iswees osawoneka bwino kwambiri a sing'anga osawoneka N06600 ndi Astm B167 ndi omwe amapangidwa kuti apirire kwambiri ndikubwera ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu.

ASTM A240 Mtundu 2205 Plate ndi duwa losapanga dzimbiri lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, kufufuza kwamafuta ndi mafuta, ndi ukadaulo wamadzi, ndi ukadaulo wamadzi. Mapepala 2205 amapangidwa kuchokera ku kalasi ya SAGIS 2205, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe chimaphatikizika ndi chitsulo champhamvu.
Astme A335 Alloy ndi chitsulo chachitsulo chomwe chikufotokozedwa molingana ndi chibiliro chopanga (kapena zinthu). Monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuza, chitoliro cha zivomerezi ndi chitoliro chopanda chisa chosoka chimafotokozedwa molingana ndi ntchito yopanga (yosawoneka bwino). Kusiyana pakati pa chitoliro chopanda chisa chosoka ndiye chitoliro chowala, kuphatikizapo chitoliro chowongoka ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chosawoneka. Chubu chozungulira.

ASMM A694 F65 BST12821 PN25 PN25 PN25 PN25 PN25 PN1-80 pn16

Zowonjezera zopunthira za Interses 625 zidatulutsidwa chiboda cholimba cha Molybdenum ndi columbium

Zithunzi za alloy chitsulo zimatha kusiyanasiyana malingana ndi kapangidwe kake. Zithunzi zotsika zotsika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa matupi oyenda ndi aerospake, maina am'mimba ndi zotsekera zanyumba yolowera ndi mizere yamagetsi.
Motel K500 chubu ndi chitoliro chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma elekitiki ndi valve
FOSTELOLELOY C-22 Hex Bolts Stud Study ndi ulusi wambiri wa HAD 975 ya 2.4602 N06022 Din933
Izi zimathandizira kuthana ndi sulufuric acid. Ilinso ndi mawu apamwamba kwambiri, kuti apititsenso kukana kwake kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi njira zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mitsinje yolimba ndi mpweya wosungunuka.
Gawana:

Kaboni mosadukiza, zomwe zimapangidwa molingana ndi Astherm A105, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapulogalamu. Izi zidapangitsa kuti zigawo zitsulo zosungunuka (kuphatikizapo zowongoka, zolimbitsa thupi, ndi mavuvu, ndi zina) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ntchito yozungulira- komanso yokwera kwambiri pakukakamizidwa. A105N, yomwe imasankhidwa ndi yokwanira ¡° ¡± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± Ngati zongoyikidwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma ppvc kapena asme B31, zinthuzo zidzakhala zofanana ndi Sa-105 kapena sa-105n. Mwachidule. Astme A105 Flange ndi mtundu wa ma flanges. Kutanthauzira kumatha kuphatikizira magiredi osiyanasiyana osapanga dzimbiri. Ma flanges ali ndi chitsulo chopangidwa kaboni ndipo amapangidwira kutentha kwambiri.

Ictives 600 yozungulira ndi intoy-valkel-brad-cenel carburrization ndi kukana bwino kuwonongedwa kwakukulu. Zingwe zozungulira 600 zozungulira zimagwira ntchito kuyanika cl2 ndi mipweya ina yambiri yofananira ndi kutentha kwambiri. Alloy 600 bar ndi a chromial-cromiyal-cromiyal-cromiyal-chloride bwino oxidation ndi kukana ku chloride kuwonongeka kwa chloride kugwa, ukhondo wamadzi acid kumatentha.

N08925 Chitsulo chosapanga chitsulo chopanda kusefukira ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa malo osungirako malo okhala m'maiko oxidia

\ / 5 kutengera
Al6xn ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosakhazikika ku chloride pansi, crevice kutukuka komanso kupsinjika kuwonongeka. Al6xn ndi Alloy a 6 wokhazikika womwe umapangidwa ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ovuta. Ili ndi Nickel (24%), Molybdenum (6.3%), nayitrogeni ndi chromium yomwe imapangitsa kuti zisautso, chloride pansi. Al6xn imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokana zolimba komanso zopondera ku chlorisi. Ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
P91 Alloy Steel chitoliro
www.oepa.com
Azerbaijani
S32100 chitoliro
Ndemanga za Makasitomala
Chitoliro cha duplex & chubu
Aisi asmm asme jis carbon chitsulo cha FR
Duptux Shareel
A312 S31254 1.4547 mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri
Kupanga njira yopanga yotentha \ / ntchito yotentha, yozizira
Kupanga que b36.10 asme B36.20

Aloy 800 wedy wedy timakhala ndi mbiri yolimba mu malonda popanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala athu. Timakhala ngati infolisoy ma fronges omwe ndi odalirika komanso apamwamba kwambiri. Timagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsogola komanso makina apamwamba popanga assowm B564 SIMIL N08800 Stuliloy ma fronges 800.

Lembani 316 \ /66L \ / 316h ndi chitsulo chosapanga chosapanga chopanga chomwe chimafunikira kulimba kwambiri, kulimba ndi kukhazikika kukhazikika.

Invalsel 718 ndi alloy-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium-chromium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu apamwamba monga Aweslospace ndi majini agalu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga a Ism B670 Invelve 718 ndiye kuti mbale yogubuduza. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya mbale za Intery18 zomwe zilipo pamsika: kuwotcha mbale zowombera.
P91 Alloy Steel chitoliro
www.oepa.com
Azerbaijani
S32100 chitoliro
Ndemanga za Makasitomala
Chitoliro cha duplex & chubu
Aisi asmm asme jis carbon chitsulo cha FR
Duptux Shareel
A312 S31254 1.4547 mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri
Kupanga njira yopanga yotentha \ / ntchito yotentha, yozizira
Kupanga Rame B36.10 asme B36.23

Alloy 601 Nickel chubu ali ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa magwiridwe antchito, kukana kwa oxidation, kunyamula katundu ndi sulufur-okhala ndi malo.

Kuphatikiza mg pang'ono ku Moson K-500 Anoy imatha kuwonjezera mphamvu ya tirigu ndikusintha pulasitiki.

Nickel Anoy 400 ndi Monl 400, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ndi N04400 Nictal-Copy-Copy-Copy kukhala makamaka mwa atatu a Nickel ndi chachitatu. Nickel Anoy 400 amadziwika chifukwa chokana kusiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza alkalis (kapena asidi), madzi amchere, ma hydrofluoric acid. Kuyambira monoy 400 kapena Aloy 400 ndi chitsulo chozizira chogwira ntchito, chivomerezichi chimakhala cholimba, kuuma ndi mphamvu. Pogwira ntchito yozizira astm B164 SARD N04400 bar stock, alloy imayang'aniridwa ndi kupsinjika kwamakina, komwe kumapangitsa kusintha kwa micrestructuctuctution ya Alloy.

304L, zomanga zopanda pake. Amakhala ndi zinthu zachikale za Chromium-Nickel ndipo ali ndi kukana koyenera kwambiri. Kuphatikiza kwa mapaipi osawoneka mu mpweya, madzi, mafuta amafuta ndi mafuta.

Zitsulo zopangira zimapereka mwayi woyenera kuyeretsa, kuyeserera kapena kusintha. Nthawi zambiri amabwera motsatana koma amathanso kubwera m'magulu osiyanasiyana komanso amakona. Ma flanges amalumikizidwa wina ndi mnzake pobowola komanso wolumikizidwa ndi makina opukusa ndi kuwotcherera kapena kuluma ndipo amapangidwira kusokonekera kwamphamvu; 150lb, 300lb, 400lb, 600LB, 900LB, 1500LB ndi 2500Lb.
Lembani "chitoliro chosawoneka
www.oepa.com
Azerbaijani
S32100 chitoliro
Ndemanga za Makasitomala
Chitoliro cha duplex & chubu
Carbon Steel Flanger Wornger 3 inchi Class 300 Flange
Duptux Shareel
A312 S31254 1.4547 mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri

S32750 S32760 Super Duptux dambo wosapanga matope osakhazikika

Alloy 625 ndi a Chromial-chromial almoy odziwika ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pokana ndi oxidation kukana, ndi mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso zopangidwa.

Kukula OD: 1 \ / 2 "~ 48" "
Tsitsi yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimadziwika kuti od (kunja kwa mainchesi) ndi wt (khoma lakuthwa) ndi makina amakina a chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Imalimbana ndi mitundu yambiri yamvula, ili ndi hygonic yopanda kanthu, mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri komanso yowoneka bwino kwambiri. /

Nickel 200 Amalongosola Nickel 200 Malawi amakhala olimba, osasunthika, ndipo amaliza bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, Astm B564 SP52200 N02200 Zisoka zakhungu zimalimbana ndi kutengera ndale komanso zotsatsa, zimapangitsa kukhala bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirizira.

Ictives 601 (yopanda N06601) Nickel-Sount Alnsity: 8.42 g \ / cm3 (gms \ / cubimemeter).

Kuwala kumatha kukhala mbale yophimba kapena kutseka kumapeto kwa chitoliro. Izi zimatchedwa Flange ya wakhungu. Chifukwa chake, zojambulazo zimawonedwa ngati zigawo zamkati zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira makina.

Falesel 601 BW enyo ngati njira yolimba ya nkhope yolimba ndi gawo lalikulu la kukhazikika kwa metallical

Kugonjetsedwa kwa Prososion Fretelloy kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mafakitale a mankhwala. Kufunika koyenera kumabweretsa mwayi wovomerezeka ndi mphamvu zawo, thanzi komanso zachilengedwe, mafuta ndi mpweya, mafakitale a mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
P91 Alloy Steel chitoliro
www.oepa.com
Azerbaijani
S32100 chitoliro
Ndemanga za Makasitomala
Chitoliro cha duplex & chubu
Aisi asmm asme jis carbon chitsulo cha FR
Duptux Shareel
A312 S31254 1.4547 mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri
Kupanga njira yopanga yotentha \ / ntchito yotentha, yozizira
Kupanga Rame B36.10 ASME B36.55

Mapaipi a kusokonekera kosasaka kumakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi katundu wapamwamba kwambiri komanso mphamvu zambiri.

Wowonerera 254 wawonekeranso wakhungu. Kuphatikiza apo, 6Mo ma flanges katundu amaphatikizapo kukana kuchuluka kwa kutukudwa, komwe kumathandiza pa ntchito pazomwe zimabweretsa malo okhala.

Alloy 625 (STRAX66625) imapezeka mu bar, lathyathyathya, chitoliro, pepala, pepala, waya, waya.

Tsitsi yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimadziwika kuti od (kunja kwa mainchesi) ndi wt (khoma lakuthwa) ndi makina amakina a chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Imalimbana ndi mitundu yambiri ya kuturuka, ili ndi ukhondo wosabala, chidwi chachikulu champhamvu komanso mphamvu zapadera.
P91 Alloy Steel chitoliro
www.oepa.com
Azerbaijani
S32100 chitoliro
Ndemanga za Makasitomala
Chitoliro cha duplex & chubu
Aisi asmm asme jis carbon chitsulo cha FR
Duptux Shareel
A312 S31254 1.4547 mapaipi achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri
Kupanga njira yopanga yotentha \ / ntchito yotentha, yozizira
Kupanga que b36.10 asme B36.19

Ndife Wopanga, broker, stockest ndi wogulitsa ndi kunja kwa asme sb564 monon k500 ma nthiti apamwamba, okwera ma nthiti 115 a Mphamvu yoyesedwa. Montel K500 Masewera a Moreteines ndi ma flanges amaperekanso kuphatikiza kwapadera kwamphamvu kwambiri ndi kukana kofananira ku Monl 400 ndi kukana kwa malo owawasa.