Butt weld pipe fittings

Kurumidza c2000 machubhu anoshandiswa mune yakawedzera huwandu hweshanduru yekusanganisira petrochemical kugadziriswa, makemikari ekugadzirisa michina kugadzira, mafuta enyeredzi uye zvidyarwa zvemafuta.

Iyo flange ndeyechipiri inonyanya kushandiswa nzira yekubatanidza mushure mekungoda. Mahara anoshandiswa kana majoini achida kushungurudzika. Inopa kuchinjika kwekugadzirisa. Flange inobatanidza pombi nemidziyo dzakasiyana siyana uye mavharuvhu. Kurambana kwekupwanya kunowedzerwa mune pombi system kana kugara uchichengetedzwa mukati panguva yekuvhiya kwekushandisa.

Yedu hex nuts yakasimba kwazvo uye yakakodzera kune yemukati uye kunze kushandiswa kwekunze. Iyi simbi isina tsvina yakakwirira kune yakajairika simbi uye inopa zvakanakisa kurwisa kupesana.

Alloy Steel Pipe & Tube
Nyora seamless pombi
Musiyano mukuru pakati pe304 uye 316 Simbi Isiriyo ndeyekuti iyo 316 giredhi ine yakawanda yepamusoro molybdenum yezvinyorwa, kazhinji 2-3% nehuremu, uye inopa basa rekuita basa.
Kwekusimbisa kusimbisa girazi rine hard girazi

Al6xn is SuperAdyaTic STOLLess STOL isina simba rekupokana ku chloride pomber, crevic corrosion uye kusagadzikana corrosion kupaza. Al6xn ndeye 6 moly Alloy iyo yakagadziriswa uye inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzinotyisa kwazvo. Iyo ine yakakwira nickel (24%), molybdenamu (6.3%), nitrogen uye zvirimo zvirimo zvinopa kupokana kushamisira, Al6xn inonyanya kushandiswa kune yayo yakavandudzwa pombi uye crevice corrosion kuramba mu chlorides. Iyo inzvimbo inoyevedza uye inotyisa isina simba.

Incoloy 825 is superalloy ine molybdenum uye mhangura yakawedzera kune incoloy 800. Izvi zvinoita kuti Alloy 825 yepamusoro kune Alloy 800 maererano neAggoros Ristance.

Iyo 316 isina mbiya yesimbi yave iri chinhu chakakosha chekereke yeindasitiri. Uku kuwanda kwesimbi uye chrome kunozivikanwa nekukanganisika kwakakura kuonga, pamwe nekuimba kwaro. "

Sch40 Monil 400 Pipe yakasarudzwa seWerkstoff Nhamba 2.4360 uye uns n04400. Alloy 400 pombi inozivikanwa seMameni Alloy 400 Pipe, Mhel 400 pombi & Nickel Alloy 400 pombi.

Nickel Alloy 400 uye Monil 400, inozivikanwawo seMunyuti N04400, iri DUCTICE ANICEL-BEPHER AllEY INYKEL NYKEL uye yechitatu-yechitatu yengozi. Nickel Alloy 400 inozivikanwa nekudzivirira kwayo kune akasiyana mamiriro ezvinhu akaora, kusanganisira Alkalis (kana acids), mvura yemunyu, hydrofluor acid, uye sulfuric acid. Sezvo Monil 400 kana Alloy 400 isimbi inotonhora yakashanda, uyu mutero ane kuomarara kwakanyanya, kuomarara nesimba. Nekutonhora

Kurumidza kuC2000 kunowanikwa mune dzakasiyana-siyana saizi uye gobvu, rudzi urwu rwechromini-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum-molybdenum

Indasitiri-inotungamira yakavezwa hutsanana ichinetsa pamwe nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi uye service isina kugadziriswa pamberi uye mushure mekunge kutengeswa kunopihwa. Isu tinosungira ese akajairwa solly tubing saizi? ¨c 8 inch od (12.7 ¨c 203.2 millimeter od) mumakumi maviri-tsoka (6.1-metrer) urefu.

ASTM A312 \ / A312M, STUTHLE SEASE YEMAHARA, uye Yakatonhora Yakasarudzika Austenitic Simbi Simbi, uye inogadzira sarudzo yeVanhu Vakasarudzika uye Vasungwa vasina Samanus.

Mukuenzanisa neSS316, duplex 2205 yakaedzwa pasi pekudzosera kumashure kushushikana pamhepo tembiricha. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti iyo yekupera simba

316L 1.4401 S31603 Stainless Steel pombi inzvimbo inoverengeka uye yekubhadhara pombi inowanzo shandiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa maindasitiri uye dzekutengesa. Iyi SS uns s31603 pombi inogadzirwa kubva kune yakakwirira mhando 316l simbi simbi ine simba rakanakisa kuCorrosion, oxidation uye yakaita kuti ive yakakodzera nharaunda dzakaoma kana dzakanyanya kushushikana.

ASTM a182 yakaderera Alloy Steel flanges pamwe nemamwe marudzi emamwe marudzi. Iyo ASTM A 182 Spection inotsanangura mafudzi emhando yepamusoro yekumanikidza masevhisi.

Stainless Simbi Fasteners
Alloy 200 Flange iyo Nickel 200 maruva anogara akasimba, akagadzikana akagadzikana, uye iva nekupera kwakanaka. Zvakare, iyo ASTM B564 UNONS N02200 Flanges inopesana neCollan yekuita Corrosion mukurerekera uye exidiing nharaunda, kuita kuti vave vakakwana pakubata kwemidziyo yekubata.

304 Chinyorwa chimwe chezvakanyanya-chinoshanda-chinoshanda uye chakanyanya kushandiswa mamakisi pamusika. Purogiramu 10 SS 304 mapaipi ane hurema High Rishance, uye vanoratidzawo zvakanaka oxidation kuramba.
Invar 36 Dziviso: Uns k93600, W.nr 1.3912

Mapepa ePepa reApple ane yepamusoro-yepamusoro-kubereka kugona uye simba pamusoro pemamwe mamakisi.

Mune indasitiri yemafuta & yegasi, kusevha kusanzwisisika kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya kumitsara yekudzora, makemikari jekiseni, uye sub-sub-sea mavhavha mavhavha mavhavha mavhavha mavhavha mavhavha. Maitiro emakemikari uye indasitiri yemitambo zvakare ine yakakurumbira maApple tubing inosanganisira: Steam & Heat trace Bundu, Kuyerera Kuyera uye kuyerera uye kufambisa

Simbi isina tsvina ndeyekuti simbi yesimbi iri kuramba kuzvinyudza. Iyo ine kanenge 11% Chromium uye inogona kunge iine zvinhu zvakadai se kabhoni, vamwe vasingaoni uye simbi dzekuwana zvimwe zvaunoda zvivakwa. Kudzvinyirira kusimba kwesimbi kune Corrosion kunoguma neChromium, iyo inoumba firimu rinogona kudzivirira zvinhu uye kuzvishora pamberi peokisijeni.

Izvo zvinokwanisa kutsungirira huwandu hwakawanda hwekuita oxidizing uye zvisiri-oxidizing makemikari, uye zvinoratidzira kuramba kwakanyanya kudzikisira uye kurwiswa kwechikepe pamberi pehuku uye kumwe kudziya.

Inconel 718 is a nickel-chromium-yakavakirwa-yakavakirwa mari inowanzo shandiswa mukunyorwa-tembiricha zvakakura senge erispace uye gasi turbines. Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kweASTM B670 Inconel 718 Sheet ndiyo ndiro iri rolling maitiro. Kune marudzi maviri makuru emapurasiti 718 mahwendefa anowanikwa pamusika: kupisa kwakapetwa uye kutonhora zvakapetwa mahwendefa.

Alloy 800 Weld mitsipa inovhenekera isu tine mukurumbira wakasimba mune indasitiri yekugadzira yakakwira-mhando mafirita emhando dzakasiyana dzaigona kukodzera zvinodiwa nevatengi vedu. Isu tinogadzira incoloy 800 flanges iyo yakavimbika uye yakakwira mumhando. Isu tinoshandisa mari dzekutanga uye temberi yemachina ekugadzira ASTM B564 uns n08800 incoloy 800 flanges.

ASTM ASME SB 446 Alloy 625 Round Bar Un N06625 Nickel Alloy Bar
Invar 36® is the nickel-iron, yakaderera yekuwedzera maitiro ayo ine 36% Nickel, Invar
Duplex2205 1.4462 S31803 nut din934

Incoloy 800 \ / 800h \ /800ht pipe zvinonyanya kugadzirwa neNickel-Simbi-Chromium Alloy kuCarburization uye oxidation, uye ine simba rakanaka. Aya madhiri esimbi akafanana. Musiyano chete ndiro chikamu chealuminium uye titanium mune aya alloys. Nekudaro, kana tikataura nezve zvigadzirwa semapipi uye mapaipi, ivo vanoonekwa sevanonyanya kuda uye zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Nekuda kwezvivakwa zvavo zvakasiyana uye zvakakwirira kuita, izvi zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa mune dzinoverengeka maindasitiri uye zvikumbiro.

ASTM \ / ASME A106 \ / SA106 Seaml Carbon Pombi Pombi inoshandiswa muApple application inosanganisira kupisa kwakakwirira, kusanganisira pombi yekupomba, zvidyarwa zvinobiridzira, zviteshi zvekumanikidza uye zvinongedzo.

Simbi isingabati 309 Stud Bolts ichienzaniswa ne302 ine yakakwira kabhoni-yakakwira chromous stainless simbi iyo inoshandiswa kutonhora musoro uye kazhinji yekupisa musoro wedhimoni kana mabhodhi marefu.

ASTM 182 inoshandiswa kumanikidzwa masisitimu, kusanganisira zvigadzirwa, maflates, uye zvimwe zvakafanana zvikamu zvinoenderana nezvirevo zvakatsanangurwa kana zviyero zvemukati zvakadai seynme codes.

Inconel 625 Coil inoonekwa nekukanganisika kwaro kurwisa oxidation, yakakwira-tembiricha corroson uye kupera simba. ASTM B443 Uns n0662 incangen Plate inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muAerospace, maindasitiri emakemikari uye maaini uye kuoma uye kuomarara uye kusimba kunyange munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa.

A789 unt s31803 uye unt S.2205205 ​​makumi maviri emakiredhi eDuplex Spainless Simbi iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune dzakasiyana siyana maindasitiri. Idzi duplex s3118803 mapepa asina masevedza anozivikanwa nekukora kwavo kwakanyanya kupesana, simba rakanyanya, uye rakanaka kwazvo. A789 ndeyekutaura iyo inovhara masapu uye yakavezwa mabhebhu yakagadzirwa kubva kuDuplex Spainless Simbi.

Flange inguva yekuputika, muromo kana rim, ingave yekunze kana yemukati, iyo inoshandira kuwedzera simba (sekupisa kweiyo danda resimbi senge i-danda kana t-danda); Zvekubatanidza zviri nyore \ / kuendesa kwekusangana kwesimba nechimwe chinhu (sekupenya pakupera kwepombi, steam cylinder, etc., kana pane lens gomo rekamera); Kana kuti zvokutsvedza uye kutungamira mafambiro emuchina kana zvikamu zvaro (sekusiyana-siyana kwemukati wemuchina wemuchina kana tram vhiri, inochengeta mavhiri kubva pamapundu kubva pamapundu). Izwi rekuti "Flange" rinoshandiswawo kune rudzi rwezvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kuumba malanges.

Duplex 2205 nzungu uye nzungu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mune zvekushandisa zvinoda kurwisa kwakanaka uye simba mumarunha uye hutsinye nharaunda.
rectangular pipe sus 304l
www.tourpa.es
Welded Tube
musiport.com
Alloy 200 Flange
Duplex simbi pombi & tube
304l pombi, 304l tube, s30403 pombi, stainless simbi pombi
Simbi Bars & Rods
Simbi mahwendefa & mashitsi & coils

Iyo MELE 400 Alloy ine akawanda akanaka mechenical midziyo, ichiita kuti ive yakakurumbira mumapipi fitting. Iyo Monel 400 Pipe Fittings inogona kupa zvakanyanya kushanda. Icho chibvumirano cheNickerl uye mhangura, chine simbi simbi, manganese, kabhoni, uye silicon zvemukati. Kuumbwa kwemakemikari eiyo Alloy Pipe Fittings inouya nesimba rayo rakanyanya. Specialized MELEL FITTINGER muIndia inoisawo kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro yeiyi pombi yakakodzera nekuda kwekushungurudzika kwemaindasitiri- kupokana kwaakarwisa Acids uye alkalis ndiyo chikonzero chikuru chekurarama kumashure icho. Iyo Alloy 400 buttweld elbow inewo zvakanaka zvinofarira, kuyananisa kubatana, uye kunogona chete kuomeswa nekutonhora-kutonhora.

Nickel 200 inodonha iyo Nickel 200 malipi anokwenenzverwa, akaiswa pasi, uye iva nekupera kwakanaka. Zvakare, iyo ASTM B564 UNONS N02200 Flanges inopesana neCollan yekuita Corrosion mukurerekera uye exidiing nharaunda, kuita kuti vave vakakwana pakubata kwemidziyo yekubata.

ASME B36.19M ndiyo yakatarwa yetsvina yetsvina, inotsanangura zviyero, kushivirira, uye zvinodiwa nezvikumbiro zvemubayiro miviri uye zvisina maaipi.

Iyo Corrosion inodzivirira nekukurumidza Alloys inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nemaindasitiri emakemikari ekugadzirisa kwemakemikari. Kudikanwa kwekuita kwakavimbika kunotungamira mukugamuchirwa kwavo uye kukura munzvimbo dzesimba, hutano uye nemafuta uye gasi uye firmace fashformation maindasitiri.

Alloy 800 is a Nickel-simbi-Chromium Alloy ine simba rakanyanya uye rakanyanya kupokana ne oxidation uye corrosion pakupisa kwakanyanya. ASTM b407 uns n08800 incoloy 800 W. nr. 1.4876 Yakatemwa Pombi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya zvekuvakwa kwemidziyo inoda kuramba kupokana, kupisa kupesana, simba, uye kugadzikana kwebasa kusvika 1500 ° F (816 ° C).
Invar 36 und k93600
www.tourpa.es
Welded Tube
musiport.com
Alloy 200 Flange
Duplex simbi pombi & tube
A789 uns s31803 uye uns s32205 seamless tubing
Simbi Bars & Rods
Simbi mahwendefa & mashitsi & coils
C2000 Kukurumidza Alloy Tubing Unokurumidza C2000 Seamless Pipe
Incoloy 800h pombi ine yakakwira temp aunel

Izvi zvinopa zvakanyatsosimbiswa kuramba kuSulfutic acid. Iyo ine zvakare yakakwira zvemukati, kuti uwedzere kupokana ne oxidizing makemikari uye maitiro ehova dzakasvibiswa neFerric ion uye yakanyungudika oksijeni.

Nickel-Conver-based Alloy 400 Mazoni 2.4360 Cold Dy Dhizaina Immuney Immuney Hurlis-Corros Interness yekunetseka painenge ichisimbisa midhiya mune yakajairana nenhamba. Monil 400 is a copper uye nickel yakavakirwa alloy iyo inozivikanwa nhasi nekuda kwekuita kwayo kwakanyanya. Iyo Alloy ine yakanaka acid uye alkali kuramba. Mukuwedzera, ine simba rakanaka rakafanana, ductility, dhiziri rakanaka, uye rinogona kuomeswa nebasa rinotonhora. Pamusoro pezvo, inogona kushandiswa mune zvekushandisa nekupisa kubva kuIns kusvika ku533 degrees Celsius.

Iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muBegshore mafuta uye gasi kuongorora \ / / kugadzirwa uye mune yekushambadzira kuchinjanisa muPetrochemical \ /Memical kugadziriswa.

Simbi isingabati Yayo Chromium neNickel Zviri Mukati Inopa Kuenzanisa Kudzvinyirira, Special Oxidation Kupararira Kwekuwedzera kweAustenitic Austenitics

Iyo yakabatanidzwa yakabatanidzwa inoumbwa nezvireverwe zvitatu zvakasiyana uye yakazvimirira kunyangwe isina zvikamu zvemukati; malipi, masika, uye kusungwa; izvo zvakaunganidzwa nechimwe pesvedzero, iyo yakakodzera. Kukosha kwakakosha kunodiwa mukusarudzwa uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvese zviripo kuti uwane mubatanidzwa, iyo inogamuchirika kusunganidzwa.

Stainless Steel 304h Flanges Vagadziri Supporter muChina

Duplex 2205 is a nitrogen enhanced duplEx Stainless Simbi yakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa matambudziko akajairika Corrosion akaonana ne 300 kutevedzana stainless simbi.

Nilo Alloy 36, WMR 1.3912, Invar 36® is a nickel-iron

Inconel mazana matanhatu emasaini emasumbo extucum yetube of standard unt n06600 uye ASTM

MaDhenga wetsiva asingabati wesimbi asina kugadzirwa asina kugadzirwa nesimbi Stainless Steel 904L magesi anoshandiswa kune yakadzika tembiricha yekushandisa uye inokanganisa nharaunda. Zvichakadaro, iyo SS 904L Gasket inzvimbo yeAustenitic yesimbi ine mamiriro akaomarara akaomarara. Stainless Steel unt no8904 magetsi masika anobatsira kuti uwane ruzivo munzvimbo yemarine, makemikari uye maindasitiri emakemikari.

Incoloy 800h Flange isu tine mukurumbira akasimba muindasitiri yekugadzira yakakwirira-mhando mafirita emhando dzakasiyana dzaigona kukodzera zvinodiwa nevatengi vedu. Isu tinogadzira incoloy 800 flanges iyo yakavimbika uye yakakwira mumhando. Isu tinoshandisa mari dzekutanga uye temberi yemachina ekugadzira ASTM B564 uns n08800 incoloy 800 flanges.

304l pombi ine yakanaka oxidation kuramba mumukati memukati mebasa kusvika 870¡¡¡¡ uye kuenderera mberi basa kusvika 925¡¡¡. Nekudaro, kushandiswa kunoenderera mberi mu 425-860¡¡¡¡¡ haina kukurudzirwa. Mune ino kesi, 304L inokurudzirwa nekuda kwekuramba kwayo kudengenyeka kwekadzi. Iko kusimba kwepamusoro kunodiwa pakupisa pamusoro pe500¡¡¡ uye kusvika 800¡¡c, giredhi 304h rinokurudzirwa. Izvi zvinyorwa zvinoramba zvichiramba kuora kwemvura.
rectangular pipe sus 304l
www.tourpa.es
Welded Tube
musiport.com
Alloy 200 Flange
Duplex simbi pombi & tube
304l pombi, 304l tube, s30403 pombi, stainless simbi pombi
Simbi Bars & Rods
Simbi mahwendefa & mashitsi & coils

Unt n08367 zvinowanzoitika seyakajairika al6xn is a lowl kabhoni, yekunyora "

Iyo microctionure uye kuumbwa kweiyo duplex 2205 Alloy inopa kurwisa kwepamusoro kune Type 316 kana 317 munzvimbo dzakawanda, uye isimba rayo rakawandisa rakawanda rekupedzisira austenitic dzestal.

Inconel 600 is a nickel-chromium alloy inozivikanwa nekudzikisira kwayo kune yakanyanya kupokana kune yakakwirira-tembiricha corroson uye oxidation. ASTM B168 Inconel 600 Sheet ipepa rakatetepa reUns n06600 dzinowanzo shandiswa mune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa maindasitiri.

904l mablts anogadzirwa kuti din, ISO, ASME, ANSI, UNI, BS uye BS uye BIS Dimensional Mitemo uye Zviyero. Isu tinogadzira mishonga chaiyo uye mamwe maFasteners yeSS 904L ichishandisa yakakwirira mhando zvinhu zvinhu. Yakakwira-Alloy Stainless Steel Giredhi 904L ndiye Austenitic Alloy. Chimwe chezvinyorwa zvepamusoro zvekushandisa izvi zvakashata kupokana kuCCC kana kusagadzikana-kwakanangana necorosion yekukanganisa kwetsvina yetsvina 904l fasteners.

Iyo isina tsvina pombi yechigadzirwa ndiyo chigadzirwa chekutakura zvakashata kana kuti mitezo yemvura, slurries uye magasi, kunyanya uko kudzvinyirira kwakanyanya, tembiricha dzakakwirira kana nzvimbo dzakapusa dzinobatanidzwa. Semhedzisiro yezvivakwa zvekutamba kwesimbi isina tsvina, pombi inowanzoshandiswa muzvinyorwa zvekugadzira.
Titanium yeTitanium inenge 60% iyo yeStusless Simbi uye Nickel Alloys, uremu uhu hunoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira mukushandisa kwakadai sekusarongeka.
Copyright © Zhengzhou Huitong pombique Midziyo CO., Ltd. Kodzero dzese dzakachengetedzwa
Ti Giredhi 2 Steel Fasteners M8 Flange Nuts Hex Head Nut Hex nut Din934 Stainless Steel Astm309
Din931 m4-m64 1.4539 904L stainless simbi chidimbu hex bolt mutengo

Iyo Super Duplex 2507 pombi inogadzirwa ne25% yeChromium, 4% yeMolybdenum, uye 7% yeNickerl mune yavo mamiriro. Nekuda kweizvozvo, aya mapaipi angave akakwirira kupesana uye kupokana kupesana munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekushushikana.

ASTM A316 TP316 chiitiko chakajairika chechisema, seam yakakwira, uye inotonhora yakashanda yakashanda muAustenitic isina mapaipi ebundu uye general corrorive. Pombi 316 isina kugadzirwa yeindasitiri yakagadzirwa kubva musanganiswa weChromium, Nickel, uye Molbdenum, iyo inopa SS 316 seamless tube yakanakisa kuramba uye ngura.

Yakagadziriswa-Kuwedzera Girazi-Yakacheneswa Iron-Nickel-Cobalt Alloys, gadzira mutsara wekuwedzera anowedzera kufanana neiyo yegirazi rakaoma mukati meimwe tembiricha yekupisa
rectangular pipe sus 304l
www.tourpa.es
Welded Tube
musiport.com
Alloy 200 Flange
Duplex simbi pombi & tube
304l pombi, 304l tube, s30403 pombi, stainless simbi pombi
Simbi Bars & Rods
Simbi mahwendefa & mashitsi & coils

Yakakwira Chromium, Molybdenum uye nitrogen yezvinyorwa zvinopa mukudzikisira kwakaenzana nhamba (40, kupa zvakakwirira kudzikisira kugona kuAustenitic uye duplex stainly media, uye tembiriro rakadzora kupfuura 50¡¡¡.
rectangular pipe sus 304l
www.tourpa.es
Welded Tube
musiport.com
Alloy 200 Flange
Duplex simbi pombi & tube
304l pombi, 304l tube, s30403 pombi, stainless simbi pombi
Simbi Bars & Rods
Simbi mahwendefa & mashitsi & coils

Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvakakodzera kuti zvisingabatanidzwe 625 zvinosanganisira sewater, aerospace uye makemikari kugadzirisa. Nezvemasaini yegungwa 625 isarudzo yakajairika nekuda kwekushora kwayo kupesana, kuneta simba uye simba rakakwirira. Kwete kutaura nezvekuramba kwayo kwakasimba ku chloride ion kushushikana kuora kupaza. Propeller Blades, Subsea Motors, uye subsea tambo,

N04400 Butt weld Pipe Fitttings ane kuramba ku chloride yakakurudzirwa kushushikana kukanganisa kukanganisa. Zvakare inonzi Wnr 2.4360 butt weld Pipe Fittings, inokotama, yakaenzana (yekudzora) kuyambuka, Eccentric kuderedza, Eccentric kuderedza. Seamless butt weld Pipe Fittings, Weld butt weld Pipi Fittings, uye zvimwe.