I-ANSI B16.5 Alloy C2000 ukunciphisa ama-Flanges abasabalalisi bomhlaba wonke

I-Nickel Alloy 400 no-Monel 400, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-UNS N04400, i-alloy esuselwa ku-nickel-copper eyakhiwe ngokuyinhloko i-nickel yesibili ne-lickel yesithathu neyodwa. I-Nickel Alloy 400 yaziwa ngokumelana kwayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo ezilimazayo, kufaka phakathi i-alkalis (noma ama-acid), amanzi anosawoti, i-hydrofluoric acid, ne-sulfuric acid. Njengoba i-monel 400 noma i-alloy 400 iyinsimbi ebandayo esetshenzisiwe, le alloy inobulukhuni obuphezulu, ukuqina namandla. Ngokusebenza okubandayo kwe-ASTM B164 ANS N04400 Bar stock, i-alloy ifakwa emazingeni aphezulu wengcindezi yemishini, yona ebangela izinguquko kwi-miscruccucture ye-alloy.

I-SCH40 Monel 400 ipayipi iqokwa njenge-Werkstoff Inombolo engu-2.4360 futhi ayinasi-n04400. I-Alloy 400 Ipayipi elibuye laziwa ngokuthi yi-Monel Alloy 400 ipayipi, i-monel 400 ipayipi & nickel alloy 400 Pipe.

I-Incons 718 yi-alloy esekelwe e-nickel-chromium evame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlalweni eziphakeme zokushisa ezinjenge-aerospace negesi turbines. Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-ASTM B670 Incontel 718 Ishidi le-Plate Rolling. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zamapuleti we-Incon 718 atholakala emakethe: Amapuleti ashisayo asongwe namakhaza.

Le alloy iyamelana nokwakhiwa kwemingcele yokusanhlamvu ethambekele endaweni ephazamiseka ukushisa, ngaleyo ndlela okwenza kube lulungele izinhlelo eziningi zenqubo yamakhemikhali esimweni se-welded.
Titanium shing amandla aphezulu nobuningi obuphansi

Lokhu kuhlinzeka ngokumelana okuthuthukiswe kakhulu ku-sulfuric acid. Futhi inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-chromium, ukukhulisa ukumelana kwayo kumakhemikhali oxidizing kanye nemifudlana yenqubo engcoliswe ngama-forric ion kanye ne-oksijini encibilikisiwe.

I-Hastelloy C2000 iyatholakala ngosayizi nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, lolu hlobo lwe-nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy ludume ngamandla alo aphakeme nokuphikiswa kokugqwala.

Le alloy isetshenziswa kabanzi ekusebenzeni kwamakhemikhali nokudla, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, izingxenye zomthalo kanye nezinye izingxenye eziningi zemakethe.

Ama-flanges angenziwa ngenxa yokuqapha, ama-castings, noma amapuleti amboza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene namakilasi e-ASME B16.5 ne-ASME B16.47 (bobabili uchungechunge A no-Series B). Insimbi engagqwali 304 \ 303l Flanges of Asme B16.5 iyatholakala emakilasini 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 2500, 1500, 2500.

Kungukungezwa kwezinye izinto ezenza insimbi yensimbi iqine. Izinto eziphathwa ukushisa ezinjenge-silicon ne-manganese zinikeza ama-alloy ensimbi athuthukisiwe kanye nezinzuzo ezengeziwe, njengokulwa kabusha kokugqwala noma okuthuthukile.

Ama-alloys amelana nawo aphikisayo asetshenziswa kabanzi yizimboni zokucubungula amakhemikhali. Isidingo sokusebenza okuthembekile siholela ekwamukelweni nasekukhuleni kwazo ezindaweni zamandla, ezempilo kanye nezemvelo, uwoyela kanye negesi, amakhemikhali kanye negesi yokuhlanza igesi.

Nickel. Okuqukethwe okusindayo kwe-nickel e-Incon Alloys kungenye yemithombo esemqoka yezakhiwo zamazibuthe ze-alloys. I-Pure Nickel iyi-magnetic, noma emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, kepha ihlanganiswe nezinto ezifana ne-chromium nekhabhoni lapho wenza ama-contel alloys.

I-316l 1.4401 S31603 I-STIANCLEENT I-PIPE I-PIRELLELEKILE KAKHULU KAKHULU KAKHULU KANYE NOKUQHAWULA KAKHULU KWAMAHHALA OKUSHINTSHA KULULA KWEZINHLOBO ZOKUXHUMANA NOKUthengisa. Le SS EX C31603 Pipe yenziwa ngekhwalithi ephezulu 316l insimbi engagqwali engenacala ngokumelana kahle nokugqwala, i-oxidation kanye nokubala, okwenza kube kuhle ngezindawo ezinokhahlo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu.

Lokhu kwenza i-316 ibe ngcono kahle ukuthola izindawo ezinenhlanzeko eqinile kanye namazinga okuhlanzeka.

Ama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali
Lokhu kuphakanyiswa okungeziwe kusiza ukuthatha ukuqagela kokuhlanza, okukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izihlanza ezinamandla nezihlanza ukuze uhlanze insimbi engenasici kaningi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokulimaza noma ukuguqula ukubukeka kwensimbi yakho engenasici.

I-A789 EXS S31803 ne-UNS S32205 amamaki amabili wensimbi engenacala esetshenziswa kabanzi kwizicelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni. Lawa mapayipi we-Duplex S31803 ayaziwa ngokumelana kwawo okuhle kakhulu, amandla aphezulu, nokushiswa okuhle. I-A789 ingukucaciswa okuhlanganisa amashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded enziwe ngensimbi engenacala.

I-Alloy 800 iyi-nickel-iron-chromium alloy enamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana okuhle ne-oxidation kanye nokugqwala emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. I-ASTM B407 EX N08800 Incoloy 800 W. NR. 1.4876 Ipayipi eline-welded lisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwemishini edinga ukumelana nokuvutha, ukumelana nokushisa, amandla, nokuqina kwenkonzo kuze kube ngu-1500 ° F (816 ° C).

Kukhombisa ukumelana okuhle ezindaweni ezingathathi hlangothi nezinciphisa. Le alloy yakha i-oxide enobuhlakani, ifilimu evikelayo engahambisani, kepha igcina ukumelana ne-opidation ephakeme emazingeni okushisa anyukayo.

I-ASME B16.5 Class 150 304L Flange ASTM A182 F304 Flainless Steel Flange
I-INTRR 36® iyinsimbi ye-nickel-i-iron, i-alloy ephansi ephansi equkethe ama-nickel angama-36%, i-invar 36 ine-coeffied ephansi yokunwebeka kusuka kumazinga okushisa angu-500 ° F (260 ° C).
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-

I-Alloy 800 Weld Teld Flanges Sinedumela eliqinile embonini ngokukhiqiza ama-flanges asezingeni eliphakeme lezinhlobo ezahlukene ezizohambisana nezidingo zamakhasimende ethu. Sikhiqiza incoloy 800 Flanges ethembekile futhi ephezulu ngekhwalithi. Sisebenzisa izinsizakusebenza ze-premium kanye nemishini ethuthukile yokukhiqiza i-ASTM B564 ANC N08800 Incoloy 800 Flangetes.

Okuqukethwe kunamakhabhoni, i-manganese, phosphorus, isibabule, i-silicon, ithusi, i-nickel, i-chromium, i-molybdenum ne-varium ekwakhekeni kwayo. Njengoba ezinye izinto zingaphansi kwe-1% yokwakheka, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ama-carbon stekethi.

Ngasikhathi sinye, kungukumelana nokukhulisa futhi kusiza ukuvikela ukungcoliswa koketshezi lwangaphakathi. Izimboni ezahlukahlukene zithemba leli Zinga ngoba lichaza ukuphepha nekhwalithi.

I-Hastelloy G-30 iyinguqulo ethuthukisiwe yeNickel-Chromium-Iron-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy G-3. Ngama-chromium aphezulu, angeze i-cobalt kanye ne-tungsten, i-G-30 ibonisa ukumelana nokuqina okuphezulu ngaphezu kwamanye ama-nickel nama-alloys asezindaweni ezisetshenziselwa ukuthengisa ama-phosphoric acids kanye nezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziqukethe ama-acidi acibhisayo kakhulu. Ukumelana kwe-alloy kuya ekwakhiweni kwemingcele yokusanhlamvu endaweni ethintekile endaweni ethintekile kwenza kufanelekile ukusetshenziswa kwizicelo zezinqubo zamakhemikhali esimweni se-as-welded.

I-China umphakeli oqonde ngqo i-China fiit efanelekile yekhwalithi ephezulu yensimbi yensimbi yokugcwala ama-elbows

Ukuphikiswa kwensimbi engagqwali nokungcola, ukulungiswa okuphansi, kanye ne-luster evamile yenza insimbi engenasici kube yinto efanelekile yezicelo eziningi ezidinga amandla nokuphikiswa kokugqwala kwensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insimbi engagqwali ingangeniswa eshidini, ipuleti, ibha, ucingo ne-tube. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ku-cookware, i-Takeware, amathuluzi okuhlinza, izimoto ezinkulu, izimoto zokwakha ezakhiweni ezinkulu, imishini yezimboni (isib. Ukwelashwa kwamaphepha, namathangi amanzi namathangi amakhethini.

Nilo \ alloy k w.nr.: 1.3981
Ama-flanges ensimbi alloy
I-ASME B36.19M ingukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwamapayipi ensimbi angenasici, acacisa ubukhulu, ukubekezelelana kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza amapayipi afakwe emthungo.
I-HTTPS: \ \ www.htpipe.com \ steel

I-ASTM A312 I-IPP316 iyincazelo ejwayelekile ye-seamless engenamthungo, i-suuntenicled auntenitic esetshenzisiwe amapayipi wensimbi angenamikhawulo asetshenziswa ezisetshenzisweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokushisa kanye nezinsizakalo ezijwayelekile. Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 le-seamless lensimbi lenziwa ngenhlanganisela ye-chromium, i-nickel, kanye ne-molybdenum, enikeza i-SS 316 i-seamless tube ukumelana kahle nokugqwala.

Ubuningi be-titanium bungama-60% e-60% yensimbi engenasici kanye ne-nickel alloys, lokhu kulondolozwa kwesisindo kwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho lokhu kubalulekile njenge-aerospace.

zenziwe ngensimbi ephezulu engabi nalutho ukusiza ukubekezelela izingcindezi zoketshezi ekugcineni nokushisa okuphezulu. Singomunye wabakhiqizi abaphezulu we

I-Finanling yensimbi Flange ibizwa nangokuthi ipuleti le-Flange. Ama-Flanges yizingxenye ezixhuma amapayipi komunye nomunye futhi zixhunywe emaphethelweni epayipi. Ukuxhumeka kwe-Flange noma i-Flange ngokuhlangene kubhekisele ekuxhumeni okuguqukayo kweqembu lezakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe zokubopha ezixhumeke ngama-flanges, ama-gaskets kanye nama-bolts.

I-nickel based 800 incoloy hexagonal Pipe yaziwa ukuthi imelana nokugqwala okuhle. Ngokukhuluma ngokuqondile, ipayipi le-Incoloy 800 linikeza ukumelana okwanele ngokumelene nobabili ukuthuthuka kanye nokugqwala koxidation.

(Ama-S30400 \ S30403, e-EN 1.4301 \ 1.4307) yinsimbi esetshenziswa kakhulu ye-auntenitic stainless. Ibanga le-304L liyi-carbon ephansi 304 futhi kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile we-304l ukuba abe nesiqinisekiso esimbili ku-304 no-304l.

Ama-N083367 futhi abizwa futhi njengoba i-alroy al6xn iyikhabhoni ephansi, ubumsulwa obuphezulu, ubumsulwa be-nitrogen-auntenitic "ama-nickel-molybdenum alloy ane-chloride pittipt kanye ne-crevice corrision.

I-Chromium ephakeme, okuqukethwe kwe-molybdenum kanye ne-nitrogen kuphumela ekumelaneni kwe-pipling okulinganiselayo (pren)> 40, ukuhlinzeka ngamakhono wokugqwala okuphezulu kanye nama-creplex ama-stainles cishe kuyo yonke imithombo yezindaba eqinile, kanye nokushisa okubucayi okuphezulu ngenhla kwe-50¡ngÃc ngaphezulu kwe-50¡ngÃc.
Ama-Fasteners angama-Incontel 601 aklanyelwe ukubekezelela ukugqwala okunzima nokuvezwa okuphezulu okuphezulu. Lawa ma-fasteners aqukethe ama-nickel kanye ne-chromium alloys yokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ukushisa kanye nokuphikiswa koxidation. Okuqukethwe kwe-nickel kugcina ukulahleka kanye namandla aphezulu okushisa ngemuva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Ama-fasteners aleli banga akhiqiza isilinganiso esinamathela kakhulu esimelana nokuphazamiseka ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zokuhamba ngebhayisikile.

Hastelloy C276 2.4819 I-alloy ehlukahlukene kakhulu yokumelana ne-alloy etholakalayo yamapayipi atholakalayo

I-S32750 Super Duplex Coil Exchanger Exchanger 1.4410 1.4501 Coil

Ibha yensimbi engenasici engama-304, njengoba igama libonisa ukwakhiwa kwezinto zensimbi ezingama-304 ezingenacala. Inama-chromium angu-18% angu-8% ama-nickel ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali. Ibha eyindilinga ikhombisa ukumelana okuphezulu kokugqwala kanye nezakhiwo zamandla ezithuthukisiwe. Okuqukethwe kuqinile impela nge-515 MPA min tensile amandla kanye nemitha yokukhiqiza amandla ka-205 MPA.

I-Nickel 200 Flinges the nickel 200 Flanges ayahlala isikhathi eside, aqinile, futhi abe nokuqeda okuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ASTM B564 ANS N02200 Flanges Blind

I-ASTM B564 ANS N04400 Pipe Flang Monel 400 iyinhlangano ye-nickel-Copper Alloy (cishe ama-67% NI ¨c 23% CU) okumelana namanzi asolwandle kanye nosawoti kanye ne-caustic solutions. I-Alloy 400 iyisixazululo esiqinile sokulungiselela esingenziwa lukhuni kuphela ngokusebenza kubanda. Le ncwadi ye-nickel ibonisa izici njengokumelana kahle kokugqwala, ukusheshiswa okuhle namandla aphezulu. Izinga eliphansi lokugqwala ngamanzi aqheleleni ageleza ngokushesha noma amanzi olwandle ahlanganiswe nokuphikiswa okuhle kakhulu ekuqhekekeni kwengcindezi kuma-frowwaters amaningi, kanye nokumelana kwawo ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo ezilonakalisayo eziholele ekusetshenzisweni kwalo ngokwanele kwezixazululo zasolwandle nezinye izixazululo ze-chloride.

I-Coil 625 Coil ibonakala ngokumelana kwayo okuhle kwi-oxidation, ukugqwala okushisa kakhulu nokukhathala. I-ASTM B443 EX N06625 INCONEM PLATTE isetshenziswa kabanzi e-Aerospace, ukucubungula amakhemikhali kanye namafutha kanye negesi ngenxa yamandla ayo aphakeme, izinkambiso nokuqina okuphezulu.

Ama-flases ethu we-SS 317 amukelwa kahle ngamakhasimende ekusebenzeni kwawo okuthembekile, ukuqina kanye nokumelana okuhle nokugqwala nokugqoka. I-SS 317 i-auntenitic-equkethe i-auntenitic alloy enamandla akhuphuke kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nama-general Chromium-Nickel Alloys afana ne-SS 304 ne-SS 316l.
A \ SA387 gr 9Class 2 I-Weldable Carbon Carbon I-Plate yemithambo yokushisa yokushisa ephezulu nama-boilers. Izinzuzo ezibonakalayo ezivela ku-chromium ye-chromium ne-molybdenum, enikeza insimbi engcono yokugqwala kanye nokuphikiswa ukushisa. I-A \ SA387 Ibanga le-9 lenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabakhiqizi abasebenzela amafutha, igesi kanye nezimboni ze-petrochemical.
I-Al6XN iyinsimbi e-superAustonitic engenacala ngokumelana okuvelele kokuphamba kwe-chloride, ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo. I-Al6xn ingu-Aloy ayi-6 olwenzelwe futhi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinolaka kakhulu. Ine-nickel ephezulu (24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), i-nitrogen kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okunikeza ukumelana kahle nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwe-chloride, i-chloride ukumelana, kanye nokuphikiswa okujwayelekile kokugqwala. I-Al6xn isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuthuthukile kanye ne-crevice in clorides. Kuyinsimbi enobunzima futhi engakhathali.

Incoloy 800h Flange Sinedumela eliqinile embonini ngokukhiqiza ama-flanges asezingeni eliphakeme lezinhlobo ezahlukene ezizohambisana nezidingo zamakhasimende ethu. Sikhiqiza incoloy 800 Flanges ethembekile futhi ephezulu ngekhwalithi. Sisebenzisa izinsizakusebenza ze-premium kanye nemishini ethuthukile yokukhiqiza i-ASTM B564 ANC N08800 Incoloy 800 Flangetes.

I-Algunas Indabaas para la tuberada Smo 254 Son Petroquimica, FarmaceUtica, Petroleo y Pher, ePulpa Y Papel, evivos marinos, evivos marinos, i-deposiyan quimicos, njll.

I-ASTM B564 ANS N06601 FLANSEs Inconsel Incondel 601 iyi-nickel-chromium alloy esetshenziselwa izinhlelo ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala nokushisa. Le ncwadi ye-nickel ivelele ngenxa yokumelana nokumelana kwayo ku-oxidation ephezulu yokushisa i-oxidation, ihlala imelana ne-oxidation ngo-2200¡Ã f. alloy 601 ithuthukisa izikali ezilandelwa yi-oxide ezivimbela ngisho nezimo ezinzima zokuhamba nge-hormal.

Iyakwazi ukubekezelela uhla olubanzi lwamakhemikhali we-oxidizing kanye nama-non-oxidizing, futhi kukhombisa ukumelana okuvelele ekuhlaselweni okukhonkotha nokukhohlisa phambi kwama-chlorides namanye ama-halide.

I-S32760 F55 Super D55 Round Dumplex Round Bar Amandla aphezulu anwetshiwe Lifecycle Lifecycle

I-SS 316 I-PIEMELL PIED ne-ASTM A312 i-IPP32 I-WELDED PIPE APPREATIR E-China

Singuchwepheshe ku? I-Titanium Coil tubing? & Sigcina futhi isitoko sobukhulu obuncane titanium tube kanye ne-titanium boiler tube? Ngobubanzi be-titanium \ ASME.

Ama-flanges we-ASTM A182 F5 alungele izinhlelo zezimboni, zokwakha kanye nezinto zokuhamba.

Amashubhu angenamthungo angama-600 angenamthungo we-Ex Enc N06600 ne-ASTM B167 yibo abakhiqizwayo ukuze bagxile ekucindezelweni okukhulu ngokweqile futhi beze newaranti enkulu.

Vunywa i-Elbow yensimbi engu-304 elbow eChina ne-ASTM A403 WP 304 elbows actifition Materifition.

I-Elbow iyisivinini esibaluleke kakhulu ipayipi esivame ukusetshenziswa ukushintsha ukuqondiswa ezinhlelweni zamapayipi. Umsebenzi we-elbow ukushintsha ukuqondisa noma ukugeleza ohlelweni lwamapayipi. Noma nini lapho kusetshenziswa ipayipi ipayipi, kufanele kuchaze uhlobo (

Yize i-cymoically ifana ne-316 grade auntenitic insimbi engagqwali, i-317 alloy inokuqukethwe okuphezulu okuphezulu kwe-molybdenum ku-alloy yayo. Ngaphezulu kwe-3% molybdenum, izakhiwo zensimbi engenasici ezingama-317 ishidi neplate zithuthukiswa, zilenze zilungele ikakhulukazi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingeke zihlangane ne-316 alloy.

Insimbi ye-S32760 Super Dumplex Insimbi engenacala imelana kakhulu nokugqwala okukhonkotha kanye ne-crevice kune-auntenitic noma i-duplex steel engenazinsimbi futhi ilungele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezonakalisayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokungezwa okuphezulu kwe-chromium, molybdenum ne-nitrogen.

Ukunwetshwa okulungiselelwe i-iron-nickel-cobalt alloys, ama-kovar alloys, ube nokwanda okunezinwele okuqondile okufana nalokho kwengilazi enzima ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokushisa obuthile
www.htststeelpipe.com
Insimbi yekhabhoni
jcopipe.com
Xhumana nathi
Ama-fastener wensimbi
Ukuphela Okumisiwe, Ukuphela Okusobala "
Ububanzi be-100mm 28MM I-Pipe Engagqwali 316
Ipayipi lensimbi ne-tube
Insimbi engagqwali 316 ama-flange amawele
Insimbi engagqwali i-al-6xn tube asme sb 676 ex n08367 tubing
Khiqiza amandla angu-0.2% proof (MPA) minimum

Ifaka insimbi engama-304 engenasici ukuze imelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, le llainger evunyiwe ye-weldi tek flange ingafakwa ohlelweni nge-clurceferance ye-wald entanyeni. Indawo ye-welded ingahlolwa kalula yi-radiography. Ipayipi elifanisiwe ne-Flange Brore inciphisa isiyaluyalu nokuguguleka ngaphakathi kwepayipi. I-Flange ihle kakhulu ukuze isetshenziswe kuzinhlelo zakho ezibucayi futhi ilungele ukusetshenziswa ngomoya, amanzi, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo kanye nomusi.

Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 elingagqwali liye laba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezimboni. Le alloy yensimbi ne-chrome yamukelwa ngokumelana kwayo okuphezulu ekugqwaneni, kanye nokuqina kwawo. 316 I-tubing yensimbi engagqwali ingakhiqizwa kumashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende athile.

Insimbi engu-316 ingenacala imelana kakhulu nokugqwala kunensimbi engu-304 yensimbi engenacala, ikakhulukazi ama-chloride. Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okuvamile kwezicelo lapho imishini yasolwandle nezinye izinto zivezwa ukugxila kakhulu kwama-chlorides noma amanye ama-oxidizing agents. Kodwa-ke, insimbi engagqwali engama-304 isenokumelana kahle nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke lokhu kuvame kuphela kuphela ezindaweni zasolwandle nezinye izindawo eziphakeme zohlanga.

Ngaphezu kwamandla nokuphikiswa kokugqwala, i-radius eqinile ye-detable 30 degree 304 elbow inika ukugeleza okugcwele okuvinjelwe okuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zokugeleza okufana nokwakheka kwazo okuphezulu kohlelo lwabo olubi kakhulu ngaphakathi kohlelo noma ipayipi elisethiwe. Lokhu kungaba yinzuzo njengoba kwehla kancane ekucindezelweni kwengcindezi kuzokwenzeka kanye nokusakazwa okuthuthukile kwamaphampu

I-SAE 304 Insimbi Engagqwali iyinsimbi evame kakhulu engenacala. Insimbi iqukethe zombili i-chromium (phakathi kuka-18% no-20%) kanye ne-nickel (phakathi kuka-8% kanye ne-10,5%) [1] izinsimbi njengezicini ezingezona zensimbi. Kuyinsimbi engelutho engagqwali. Akukancane ngogesi nakwesobunxele kunensimbi yekhabhoni. Kuyinto kazibuthe, kepha kazibuthe kakhulu kunensimbi. Inokumelana nokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu kunensimbi ejwayelekile futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokukhululeka lapho kwakhiwa khona ngezimo ezahlukahlukene. [1]

I-ASTM A182 Insimbi Engagqwali 347 SW FLAngeS 300LBS