I-Epicenter yezimboni eziningi zobunjiniyela, kungaba ngezimoto, izindwangu,

I-Alloy 309 (uns S30900) iyinsimbi e-auntenitic engagqwali eyenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu zokulwa nokuqina. I-alloy imelana ne-oxidation kuze kube ngu-1900¡Ãf (1038¡Ãc) ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezona ezebhayisekili. Ukuhamba ngebhayisikile okujwayelekile kunciphisa ukumelana ne-oxidation cishe ku-1850¡Ãf (1010¡Ãc).

Amapayipi angama-304 enziwe ngensimbi engama-304 engagqwali, impahla ejwayelekile futhi ethandwayo kuzinhlelo eziningi zezimboni ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala kanye noximation. Lawa mapayipi amapayipi e-S30400 ahlanganiswe asebenzisa imishini ekhethekile nezinqubo, eziqinisekisa ukuthi zinembe kakhulu futhi zithembekile.

Ama-alloys ensimbi engagqwali anikeza inketho esebenzayo kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokukhiqiza amashubhu okunemba ukuthola uhla lwezimboni.

Insimbi engagqwali njengento ebonakalayo isetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kusuka kumapayipi kuya kumabha kanye ne-elbows uma umkhiqizo onjalo yi-BETTWELD BETTWELD BETTWELD Ellow. Siqukethe i-radius radius elbow, ukuncipha okugxilile, kanye ne-eccentric ukunciphisa. Bayingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwezimboni olusiza ekuguquleni ukuqondiswa kwamapayipi.

I-Annealed ekhanyayo (ye-BA) ikhiqizwa ngensimbi elapha ukushisa (i-anneling) yensimbi ngesithambiso esilawulwayo. Ngemuva kokuphathwa kokushisa, le nsimbi inokubukeka okukhanyayo, okufana nesibuko, kodwa kwangathi kungabanga nokungapheleli kanye nokulunywa. Insimbi engenacala ingahle ifakwe ukuze ifinyelele okuphelele, futhi ivame ukucaciswa izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho kufiswa khona indawo ekhombisa kakhulu.

I-molybdenum e-Incoloy 925 Intamo ende ye-Weld Flexis ukumelana nengculazi ekuphathweni okukhohlisayo kanye nokugqwala kwe-crevice. I-Titanium ne-aluminium in incoloy 925 uNippo Flanges izengezo zibangela ukusabela okuqinisayo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okushisa.

I-SMO 254 Amapayipi angamelana nengcindezi emishini ephezulu kanye ne-alloy 254 SMO Pipe TRESHERE TRESHERE PRESHERE EMATHELO EZIQHAWULEKILE KANYE NEMIPHUMELA EBONAKALAYO.

I-Flange iyisigaxa esinqunyelwe, i-lip noma i-rim, kungaba yangaphandle noma yangaphakathi, esebenza ukukhulisa amandla (njenge-flange yogongolo lwensimbi efana ne-i-beam noma i-t-beam); Ukuthambekela okulula noma ngokuzinza futhi uqondise ukunyakaza komshini noma izingxenye zawo (njenge-flange yangaphakathi yemoto yesitimela noma isondo le-tram, eligcina amasondo asuka ojabha). Igama elithi "i-flange" lisetshenziselwa futhi uhlobo lwethuluzi olusetshenziselwa ukwakha ama-flanges.

Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 elingagqwali liye laba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezimboni. Le alloy yensimbi ne-chrome yamukelwa ngokumelana kwayo okuphezulu ekugqwaneni, kanye nokuqina kwayo. 316 I-tubing yensimbi engagqwali ingakhiqizwa kumashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende athile.
I-Flanged Joint yakhiwa okuhlukile okuhlukile futhi okuzimele yize izingxenye ezihlangene; amafuvu, ama-gaskets, kanye ne-bolting; aqoqwe ngelinye ithonya, i-fitter. Izilawuli ezikhethekile ziyadingeka ekukhetheni nasekusetshenzisweni kwazo zonke izinto ezikhona ukuthola okuhlanganisiwe, okunokuqina okuvuzayo okwamukelekayo.
Insimbi engama-304 engenasici iyinsimbi evame kakhulu engenacala. Insimbi iqukethe zombili i-chromium (phakathi kuka-18% no-20%) kanye ne-nickel (phakathi kuka-8% kanye ne-10,5%) [1] izinsimbi njengezicini ezingezona zensimbi. Yinsimbi e-auntenitic engagqwali. Uma kwenzeka ukusetshenziswa, i-SS304 kungatholakala ekhishini emigceni kanye neminye imisebenzi efana nama-aposta kanye nama-microwave oveni. I-SS304 nayo isetshenziselwa ukwenza imithambo yengcindezi, izembozo zamasondo kanye nokwakha ama-facade.

Amapayipi angenamthungo adingekayo ekucindezelweni okuningi okuphezulu, okushisa okuphezulu kumafutha negesi, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nezimboni zemithi. Amapayipi we-Welded (okuvame ukuvelela ukukhiqiza futhi atholakala kabanzi) acacisiwe kuwo wonke ama-Industries inqobo nje uma izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo aweqi amapharamitha aphawulwe ezingeni elifanele.
I-Duplex Steel Pipe & Tube
I-304L 3 Intshi Pipe
I-Luxembourgish
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Insimbi engagqwali
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-
imigoqo ngokuvamile inezimo ezifana neflethi, nxazonke, hexagonal,
Ama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali
Amapuleti we-nickel alloy namashidi namakhoyili

I-ASME B36.19M ingukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwamapayipi ensimbi angenasici, acacisa ubukhulu, ukubekezelelana kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza amapayipi afakwe emthungo.

I-ASTM A312 I-IPP316 iyincazelo ejwayelekile ye-seamless engenamthungo, i-suuntenicled auntenitic esetshenzisiwe amapayipi wensimbi angenamikhawulo asetshenziswa ezisetshenzisweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokushisa kanye nezinsizakalo ezijwayelekile. Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 le-seamless lensimbi lenziwa ngenhlanganisela ye-chromium, i-nickel, kanye ne-molybdenum, enikeza i-SS 316 i-seamless tube ukumelana kahle nokugqwala.

Ngokwengeziwe, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-chromium esetshenziselwa i-alloy i-allyless arvainless 304 amapayipi angenamthungo yilokho okunikezela ukumelana nokuvumelanisa nezindlela zokushisa ezingaba ngu-176¡

Kwesinye isikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-flange ebingenayo; Sebenzisa ukuvela kwamapayipi, ama-valves, namaphampu, noma njengesembozo sokuhlola. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa ngesheduli 40 noma i-80 yensimbi engenasici, kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinomoya, amanzi, igesi yemvelo kanye nomusi.
I-Duplex Steel Pipe & Tube
I-304L 3 Intshi Pipe
I-Luxembourgish
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Insimbi engagqwali
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-
I-Ejwayelekile ye-316L S31603 Z3CND17-11-02 Steel Flainless Flange
Ama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali
Amapuleti we-nickel alloy namashidi namakhoyili

Uhlobo lwensimbi engu-316 lungeqi i-auntenitic-nickel insimbi engapheli kanye nensimbi engasho lutho enensimbi enhle kakhulu yokugqwala uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amakhemikhali wamakhemikhali lapho kuvezwa amakhemikhali wamakhemikhali afana namanzi olwandle, ama-brine, njll.

Inqubo Ejwayelekile iyinqubo yokushisa yokushisa esetshenziselwa ukwenza izinsimbi ze-ructile ngokwengeziwe ne-ductile ngemuva kwenqubo yokuqina noma yemishini. Ukuguqula isimo kufaka phakathi ukufudumeza okungokwezinga lokushisa okuphezulu bese kukuveza emoyeni lokushisa kwegumbi ngemuva kokushisa, ukuvumela ukuthi kuphole ekushiseni kwegumbi. Lokhu kufudumeza nokupholisa kancane kuguqula i-miscruccucture yensimbi, kunciphisa ubulukhuni bayo futhi kwandise ukulahleka kwalo.
Ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi
I-304L 3 Intshi Pipe
I-Luxembourgish
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Insimbi engagqwali
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-
13) I-Halogen acid catalyzed imishini yokukhiqiza ye-organic;
Ama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali
Amapuleti we-nickel alloy namashidi namakhoyili
I-309s Round Head Square Feat Bolt Supportler 309s Mechanical Properties
Usayizi "OD: 1 \ 2" "~ 48"

Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 elingagqwali liye laba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezimboni. Le alloy yensimbi ne-chrome yamukelwa ngokumelana kwayo okuphezulu ekugqwaneni, kanye nokuqina kwayo. 316 I-tubing yensimbi engagqwali ingakhiqizwa kumashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende athile.
I-Flanged Joint yakhiwa okuhlukile okuhlukile futhi okuzimele yize izingxenye ezihlangene; amafuvu, ama-gaskets, kanye ne-bolting; aqoqwe ngelinye ithonya, i-fitter. Izilawuli ezikhethekile ziyadingeka ekukhetheni nasekusetshenzisweni kwazo zonke izinto ezikhona ukuthola okuhlanganisiwe, okunokuqina okuvuzayo okwamukelekayo.
Insimbi engama-304 engenasici iyinsimbi evame kakhulu engenacala. Insimbi iqukethe zombili i-chromium (phakathi kuka-18% no-20%) kanye ne-nickel (phakathi kuka-8% kanye ne-10,5%) [1] izinsimbi njengezicini ezingezona zensimbi. Yinsimbi e-auntenitic engagqwali. Uma kwenzeka ukusetshenziswa, i-SS304 kungatholakala ekhishini emigceni kanye neminye imisebenzi efana nama-aposta kanye nama-microwave oveni. I-SS304 nayo isetshenziselwa ukwenza imithambo yengcindezi, izembozo zamasondo kanye nokwakha ama-facade.

I-316l 1.4401 S31603 I-STIANCLEENT I-PIPE I-PIRELLELEKILE KAKHULU KAKHULU KAKHULU KANYE NOKUQHAWULA KAKHULU KWAMAHHALA OKUSHINTSHA KULULA KWEZINHLOBO ZOKUXHUMANA NOKUthengisa. Le SS EX C31603 Pipe yenziwa ngekhwalithi ephezulu 316l insimbi engagqwali engenacala ngokumelana kahle nokugqwala, i-oxidation kanye nokubala, okwenza kube kuhle ngezindawo ezinokhahlo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu.
I-Flange ingeyesibili esetshenziswa kakhulu endleleni yokujoyina ngemuva kokuhlakazeka. Ama-Flanges asetshenziswa lapho amalunga edinga ukusatshalaliswa. Inikeza ukuguquguquka kokulungiswa. I-Flange ixhumanisa ipayipi nemishini ehlukahlukene nama-valve. Ama-flanges e-BreakUp angezwa ohlelweni lwePipeline uma kulungiswa njalo ekusebenzeni kwezitshalo.

I-flange iyindandatho yensimbi (eyakhiwe, enqunywe kusuka epuletini, noma i-rolled) yakhelwe ukuxhuma izingxenye zepayipi, noma ukujoyina ipayipi kumhlangano wengcindezi, i-valve, iphampu noma omunye umhlangano ovusiwe ovusiwe. Ama-Flanges ahlanganiswe komunye nomunye ngama-bolts, futhi ohlelweni lwamapayipi ngokushiswa noma ngomcucu (noma okuxekethile lapho kusetshenziswa izimbumbulu). I-Finanless yensimbi filange eyenziwe lula njenge-SS Flange, isho ama-flanges enza ngensimbi engenacala. Amazinga ajwayelekile wezinto ezibonakalayo namamaki yi-ASTM A182 Ibanga F304 \ l ne-F316 \ l, libe ngu-2500 njll.

Incoloy 926 ASTM B625 Flainless Flange of Corrosion Resistance - Zhengzhou Huitong Pipeline Equipment Co, Ltd.

Ibha yensimbi eyindilinga engagqwali inguhlobo lwenduku yensimbi engenasici esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene. Inokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala kanye nesilinganiso sokuqina kwesisindo. Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zemigoqo yensimbi, i-316 insimbi engagqwali ibha ye-stock ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukwakheka kwayo noma izakhiwo.
Ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi
I-304L 3 Intshi Pipe
I-Luxembourgish
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Insimbi engagqwali
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-
13) I-Halogen acid catalyzed imishini yokukhiqiza ye-organic;
Ama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali
Amapuleti we-nickel alloy namashidi namakhoyili
I-309s Round Head Square Feat Bolt Supportler 309s Mechanical Properties
Tubos y tubeias de acero inonidable 316Ti 1.4571

Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 elingagqwali liye laba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezimboni. Le alloy yensimbi ne-chrome yamukelwa ngokumelana kwayo okuphezulu ekugqwaneni, kanye nokuqina kwayo. 316 I-tubing yensimbi engagqwali ingakhiqizwa kumashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende athile.
I-Flanged Joint yakhiwa okuhlukile okuhlukile futhi okuzimele yize izingxenye ezihlangene; amafuvu, ama-gaskets, kanye ne-bolting; aqoqwe ngelinye ithonya, i-fitter. Izilawuli ezikhethekile ziyadingeka ekukhetheni nasekusetshenzisweni kwazo zonke izinto ezikhona ukuthola okuhlanganisiwe, okunokuqina okuvuzayo okwamukelekayo.
Insimbi engama-304 engenasici iyinsimbi evame kakhulu engenacala. Insimbi iqukethe zombili i-chromium (phakathi kuka-18% no-20%) kanye ne-nickel (phakathi kuka-8% kanye ne-10,5%) [1] izinsimbi njengezicini ezingezona zensimbi. Yinsimbi e-auntenitic engagqwali. Uma kwenzeka ukusetshenziswa, i-SS304 kungatholakala ekhishini emigceni kanye neminye imisebenzi efana nama-aposta kanye nama-microwave oveni. I-SS304 nayo isetshenziselwa ukwenza imithambo yengcindezi, izembozo zamasondo kanye nokwakha ama-facade.

I-Los USOS de Estas Tuberias incluyen aplicaciones que ohile Altas Teraturas y internncia jikelele La Ransncia A La Rorrosion de Las Tuberia Sin Soldadura de Grado 316 Y Acero Inongidable 316Ti es efanayo.

I-Al6XN iyinsimbi e-superAustonitic engenacala ngokumelana okuvelele kokuphamba kwe-chloride, ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo. I-Al6xn ingu-Aloy ayi-6 olwenzelwe futhi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinolaka kakhulu. Ine-nickel ephezulu (24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), i-nitrogen kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okunikeza ukumelana kahle nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwe-chloride, i-chloride ukumelana, kanye nokuphikiswa okujwayelekile kokugqwala. I-Al6xn isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuthuthukile kanye ne-crevice in clorides. Kuyinsimbi enobunzima futhi engakhathali.

Insimbi engagqwali engama-304 amapayipi ama-bends 304l akhiqizwa ngokuhambisana ne-ASTM A403 ne-ANSI B16.9

I-flange iyindandatho yensimbi (eyakhiwe, enqunywe kusuka epuletini, noma i-rolled) yakhelwe ukuxhuma izingxenye zepayipi, noma ukujoyina ipayipi kumhlangano wengcindezi, i-valve, iphampu noma omunye umhlangano ovusiwe ovusiwe. Ama-Flanges ahlanganiswe komunye nomunye ngama-bolts, futhi ohlelweni lwamapayipi ngokushiswa noma ngomcucu (noma okuxekethile lapho kusetshenziswa izimbumbulu). I-Finanless yensimbi filange eyenziwe lula njenge-SS Flange, isho ama-flanges enza ngensimbi engenacala. Amazinga ajwayelekile wezinto ezibonakalayo namamaki yi-ASTM A182 Ibanga F304 \ l ne-F316 \ l, libe ngu-2500 njll.

Incoloy Alloy 926 (ANX N089226 \ W. NR. 1.4529 \ COLOL ALLOY 25-6MO) Insimbi e-Suuntenitic Auntenitic Exanlendenum equkethe i-nitrogen. Ukuqukethwe kwe-nickel ne-chromium yale alloy kwenza ukuthi imelane nezimo ezahlukahlukene ezilonakalisayo.
4) Uhlelo lokulwa nomlilo, uhlelo lokuhlanza amanzi olwandle, ingcindezi ye-hydraulic kanye nepayipi lokugcwalisa;

Ama-N083367 futhi abizwa futhi njengoba i-alroy al6xn iyikhabhoni ephansi, ubumsulwa obuphezulu, ubumsulwa be-nitrogen-auntenitic "ama-nickel-molybdenum alloy ane-chloride pittipt kanye ne-crevice corrision.

I-Aisi 304H iyinhlangano enzima yensimbi engenasici engenasisekelo yokusebenza ngokuqina ngesikhathi sokukhubazeka futhi, ngaphandle kokuthi iguqulwe ngempendulo ethuthukisiwe yemishini, imelana nokuqhekeka kwe-chip. Imiphumela emihle ngemishini engcono kakhulu itholakala ngejubane elihamba kancane, okuphakelayo okusindayo, ukuthambisa okuhle kakhulu, ukuthobela okubukhali, kanye nemishini enamandla.

Yize i-310 ilungele ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kokushisa, akufanele ivezwe ukushaqeka okunamandla okushibilika okuphindaphindwayo okuwuketshezi noma lapho kungcola khona amakhekhe angenamakhelwane.
I-Duplex Steel Pipe & Tube
I-304L 3 Intshi Pipe
I-Luxembourgish
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Insimbi engagqwali
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-
I-Ejwayelekile ye-316L S31603 Z3CND17-11-02 Steel Flainless Flange
Ama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali
Amapuleti we-nickel alloy namashidi namakhoyili

Ipayipi lensimbi engenasici likhethwayo ekumelaneni okuphezulu kokugqwala, ukulungiswa okuphansi, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme nokubukeka okuhlanzekile. Ipayipi lensimbi elingagqwali liyatholakala kumabanga angama-304 naku-316. Bobabili ipayipi elingenamthungo futhi elingenamthungo liyatholakala.

I-904L inekhono lokumelana kahle kakhulu ngokunciphisa ama-acid futhi ukwengeza kwethusi kulinikeza ukumelana okujwayelekile kokugqwala kokugxila okuhlukahlukene kwe-sulfuric acid.

I-Al6XN iyinsimbi e-superAustonitic engenacala ngokumelana okuvelele kokuphamba kwe-chloride, ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo. I-Al6xn ingu-Aloy ayi-6 olwenzelwe futhi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinolaka kakhulu.
Ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi
I-304L 3 Intshi Pipe
I-Luxembourgish
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Insimbi engagqwali
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-
13) I-Halogen acid catalyzed imishini yokukhiqiza ye-organic;
Ama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali
Amapuleti we-nickel alloy namashidi namakhoyili
I-309s Round Head Square Feat Bolt Supportler 309s Mechanical Properties
Amapuleti ensimbi engagqwali namashidi namakhoyili

I-316l 1.4401 S31603 I-STIANCLEENT I-PIPE I-PIRELLELEKILE KAKHULU KAKHULU KAKHULU KANYE NOKUQHAWULA KAKHULU KWAMAHHALA OKUSHINTSHA KULULA KWEZINHLOBO ZOKUXHUMANA NOKUthengisa. Le SS EX C31603 Pipe yenziwa ngekhwalithi ephezulu 316l insimbi engagqwali engenacala ngokumelana kahle nokugqwala, i-oxidation kanye nokubala, okwenza kube kuhle ngezindawo ezinokhahlo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu.
I-Flange ingeyesibili esetshenziswa kakhulu endleleni yokujoyina ngemuva kokuhlakazeka. Ama-Flanges asetshenziswa lapho amalunga edinga ukusatshalaliswa. Inikeza ukuguquguquka kokulungiswa. I-Flange ixhumanisa ipayipi nemishini ehlukahlukene nama-valve. Ama-flanges e-BreakUp angezwa ohlelweni lwePipeline uma kulungiswa njalo ekusebenzeni kwezitshalo.

I-Flange eyimpumputhe futhi inguhlobo olukhethekile olunamathela ekugcineni komugqa wepayipi futhi ivale umugqa wepayipi esikhundleni sokuyixhuma kwelinye ipayipi.

Insimbi engenasici inamandla okumelana no-oxidation asemkhathini, okungukuthi, ukugqwala, futhi inamandla okumelana nokonakala ku-acid eliphakathi nendawo, i-alkali nosawoti, okungukuthi, ukumelana nokugqwala okunjalo. Kodwa-ke, inani lokuphikiswa kokugqwala liyahlukahluka ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwensimbi uqobo, isimo somunye nomunye, izimo zokusebenzisa, kanye nohlobo lwendlela yemvelo.
Ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi
I-304L 3 Intshi Pipe
I-Luxembourgish
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Insimbi engagqwali
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-
13) I-Halogen acid catalyzed imishini yokukhiqiza ye-organic;
Ama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali
Amapuleti we-nickel alloy namashidi namakhoyili
I-309s Round Head Square Feat Bolt Supportler 309s Mechanical Properties
8) Izingxenye zohlelo lwe-Flue Suselfurization;

Thayipha "ipayipi elingenamthungo
Amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali amashubhu amade, angenalutho asetshenziselwa izinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni. Zikhiqizwa ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukile eziholela kunoma ipayipi elingenamthungo noma elingenamthungo. I-Alloy 304 Ipayipi lensimbi engenasici linikeza amandla athuthukisiwe nokuphikiswa kokugqwala futhi kungasetshenziselwa zonke izinhlobo zezinqubo zokuqamba, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibhekwa ezimweni zangaphandle zemvelo.

Ngakho-ke, i-ASTM A312 TP 304 ipayipi elingenamthungo lingukhetho oludumile kuyo yonke imikhakha ehlukahlukene yezimboni ezinjengeziteshi zamandla, izitshalo zamakhemikhali, isiqandisi, izindikimba zomoya, izitshalo ze-petrolem kanye nama-petroleum revineries.
I-Duplex Steel Pipe & Tube
I-304L 3 Intshi Pipe
I-Luxembourgish
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Insimbi engagqwali
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-
imigoqo ngokuvamile inezimo ezifana neflethi, nxazonke, hexagonal,
Ama-fastener wensimbi engagqwali
Amapuleti we-nickel alloy namashidi namakhoyili