I-A182 F316L i-Flange ekhethekile esetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana neTubling ne-Hardware

Izinsimbi zensimbi ezingagqwali ezingama-316 I-Pipe Bend njengenketho engcono yokufudumala ukuqinisekisa ukumelana nokuqina okukhulu

I-ASTM A240 Ukucaciswa okuhlanganisa i-chromium, i-chromium-nickel, ne-chromium-manganese-nickel-nickel esigcawini esingenacala, ishidi, kanye nomucu ukuze kusetshenziswe emikhunjini yokucindezela kanye nezicelo ezijwayelekile, kufaka phakathi izicelo zokwakha.

I-ASME B36.19M ingukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwamapayipi ensimbi angenasici, acacisa ubukhulu, ukubekezelelana kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza amapayipi afakwe emthungo.

Enye yezinzuzo zensimbi engenasici ngaphezulu kwama-316 ngensimbi engenasici ukuthi yi-biocleaner kune-aluminium ne-zethusi, nge-biochleability eqhathaniswa nengilazi. Ukuhlanzeka, amandla nokuphikiswa kokugqwala kwensimbi engenasici kuveze ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi engenasici ezitshalweni zokucubungula kanye nokudla.

Insimbi engenacala inekhabhoni engaphezulu kune-SS316L. I-nickel ne-molybdenum yizithako eziphambili zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza inqubo yamapayipi ensimbi angenasisekelo i-SS316. Ngokungeza i-molybdenum kwinqubo yokukhiqiza, ithuthukisa kahle ukumelana nokugqwayiza kwe-alloy, ikakhulukazi emvelweni evezwa kakhulu ekugcekeni kwe-crevice ezindaweni ezisuselwa ku-chloride.

Lolu hlobo lwensimbi luyakwazi ukubekezelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu, okwenza kube yisinqumo esihle sezicelo zezimboni. Kuqinile futhi, kuqinile, kanye nobufakazi. Ngaphandle kokuba nokulwa nokuphikiswa, insimbi engenasici angama-304 inezinga eliphakeme le-couctility kanye nokushaywa kwe-weldatiability.

I-flange iyindandatho yensimbi (eyakhiwe, enqunywe kusuka epuletini, noma i-rolled) yakhelwe ukuxhuma izingxenye zepayipi, noma ukujoyina ipayipi kumhlangano wengcindezi, i-valve, iphampu noma omunye umhlangano ovusiwe ovusiwe. Ama-Flanges ahlanganiswe komunye nomunye ngama-bolts, futhi ohlelweni lwamapayipi ngokushiswa noma ngomcucu (noma okuxekethile lapho kusetshenziswa izimbumbulu). I-Finanless yensimbi filange eyenziwe lula njenge-SS Flange, isho ama-flanges enza ngensimbi engenacala. Amazinga ajwayelekile wezinto ezibonakalayo namamaki yi-ASTM A182 Ibanga F304 \ l ne-F316 \ l, libe ngu-2500 njll.

Abakwa-Aisi 304 Abakhiqizi bePipITIngs Fittings (1.4301, S30400) | (1.4306, 1.4307, S30403), ama-SS 304 Threaded Fittings, SS 304 Socket Weld Fittings

I-ASTM A312 ecacisiwe i-Aisi 304 Pipe yenzelwe ukukhumbula ukusetshenziswa kwazo kwezicelo ezingahileli izimo zokushisa eziphakeme kodwa futhi nezicelo ezijwayelekile zokulimala ...

Izakhiwo zemishini zingcono kancane kune-904L, futhi zingasetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwemikhumbi yengcindezi kusuka ku--196 kuya ku-400 ¡Ãc.

I-SMO 254 Amapayipi angamelana nengcindezi emishini ephezulu kanye ne-alloy 254 SMO Pipe TRESHERE TRESHERE PRESHERE EMATHELO EZIQHAWULEKILE KANYE NEMIPHUMELA EBONAKALAYO.
Insimbi engama-304 engenasici iyinsimbi evame kakhulu engenacala. Insimbi iqukethe zombili i-chromium (phakathi kuka-18% no-20%) kanye ne-nickel (phakathi kuka-8% kanye ne-10,5%) [1] izinsimbi njengezicini ezingezona zensimbi. Yinsimbi e-auntenitic engagqwali. Uma kwenzeka ukusetshenziswa, i-SS304 kungatholakala ekhishini emigceni kanye neminye imisebenzi efana nama-aposta kanye nama-microwave oveni. I-SS304 nayo isetshenziselwa ukwenza imithambo yengcindezi, izembozo zamasondo kanye nokwakha ama-facade.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhawulelwe kuma-927 degrees Celsius futhi akufanele ahambe ngaphansi kwalokho. Izinga lokushisa elifanelekile lokushisa okushisayo kwensimbi engenasisekelo kuphakathi kuka-1149¡Ãc - 1260¡Ãc. Ukuze uthole ukumelana okuphezulu kokugqwala, ama-flange angenazimpawu zensimbi adinga ukuvezwa komsebenzi. Lawa ma-asTM a182 F316 Flanges ayimpumputhe ayatholakala emakilasini wokucindezela ahlukene. I-Werkstoff No 1.4301 Lap Flanges isetshenziswa kumakhemikhali, amandla, amandla, izimboni zezokwelapha kanye ne-petroleum.

I-Duplex Steel S32205 Slip on Flange ibekwe phezu kwepayipi elinwebeka kusukela ekugcineni kwepayipi futhi kususelwa kububanzi obungaphakathi. Ububanzi obungaphandle buye buthunyelwa ohlangothini lwangemuva lwe-flange.

Insimbi engenasici i-aroy yensimbi equkethe ubuncane be-chromium engu-10,5%. Izakhi zezabelo ezifana ne-nickel, molybdenum, titanium, carbon, nitrogen, futhi ithusi zingakhulisa amandla, ukwakheka, nezinye izakhiwo zensimbi engagqwali. Ama-alloys ahlukene anikela ngamazinga ahlukene okumelana nokugqwala.
I-316l ingukukhetha okungcono njengoba 316 ithambekele kakhulu ekugqwaneni kwe-weld kune-316L (ukugqwala ngaphakathi kweWeld). Kodwa-ke, 316 ingadedelwa ukumelana nokuwohloka kwe-weld. I-316l nayo yensimbi engenacala yokushisa okuphezulu, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu zokugqwala, yingakho zithandwa kakhulu kumaphrojekthi wokwakha kanye nasolwandle.
I-Al6XN iyinsimbi e-superAustonitic engenacala ngokumelana okuvelele kokuphamba kwe-chloride, ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo. I-Al6xn ingu-Aloy ayi-6 olwenzelwe futhi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinolaka kakhulu. Ine-nickel ephezulu (24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), i-nitrogen kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okunikeza ukumelana kahle nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwe-chloride, i-chloride ukumelana, kanye nokuphikiswa okujwayelekile kokugqwala. I-Al6xn isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuthuthukile kanye ne-crevice in clorides. Kuyinsimbi enobunzima futhi engakhathali.

1.4529 Ikhodi Yezinombolo ZaseJalimane. Insimbi embi kakhulu ye-Super Dumplex, izakhi eziphambili: 20cr-25ni-6mo-1cu-0,2N ezihambelana ne-United States: N08926, 254smo ...

I-ASTM A312 I-IPP316 iyincazelo ejwayelekile ye-seamless engenamthungo, i-suuntenicled auntenitic esetshenzisiwe amapayipi wensimbi angenamikhawulo asetshenziswa ezisetshenzisweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokushisa kanye nezinsizakalo ezijwayelekile. Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 le-seamless lensimbi lenziwa ngenhlanganisela ye-chromium, i-nickel, kanye ne-molybdenum, enikeza i-SS 316 i-seamless tube ukumelana kahle nokugqwala.

Amalangabi ensimbi engagqwali
Ifaka insimbi engama-304 engenasici ukuze imelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, le llainger evunyiwe ye-weldi tek flange ingafakwa ohlelweni nge-clurceferance ye-wald entanyeni. Indawo ye-welded ingahlolwa kalula yi-radiography. Ipayipi elifanisiwe ne-Flange Brore inciphisa isiyaluyalu nokuguguleka ngaphakathi kwepayipi. I-Flange ihle kakhulu ukuze isetshenziswe kuzinhlelo zakho ezibucayi futhi ilungele ukusetshenziswa ngomoya, amanzi, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo kanye nomusi.

I-ASTM A213 \ 199 I-STUDATION PRAIT ifakwa nge-tubing yensimbi engenasici, i-ASTM A249 \ A269 ishubhu lokuphoqa ekhanyayo, ngokugcwele ishubhu le-anvelling, iTubling tubing iyindlela ekhethwayo yezicelo ezibucayi.

Insimbi engenasici B366 WP904L iqukethe i-chromium ephakeme kanye ne-SS bron.our SS 904L I-Elbow inokumelana nokugqwala komkhathi futhi ikhonze izinhloso ezijwayelekile njengokugcina ukubopha amapayipi kanye nokuvimbela noma yikuphi ukungcoliswa koketshezi lwangaphakathi.

Thayipha insimbi engama-304 engagqwali inguchungechunge lwe-T 300 lwensimbi engagqwali i-auntenitic. Inobuncane be-chromium engu-18% ne-8% nickel, ehlanganiswe ne-carbon engu-0.08%. Kuchazwa njenge-Chromium-Nickel Auntenitic Alloy.304 Insimbi Engagqwali isetshenziselwa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zezindlu nezimboni njengokuphatha ukudla kanye nemishini yokucubungula, izikulufu, kanye nama-mainchlils. I-304 Insimbi Engagqwali nayo isetshenziswa emkhakheni wezakhiwo ukuze ama-accents angaphandle anjengezici zamanzi nezici zomlilo. Kubuye kube yinto evamile yekhoyili yama-vaporizers.

Insimbi engenasici i-aroy yensimbi equkethe ubuncane be-chromium engu-10,5%. Izakhi zezabelo ezifana ne-nickel, molybdenum, titanium, carbon, nitrogen, futhi ithusi zingakhulisa amandla, ukwakheka, nezinye izakhiwo zensimbi engagqwali. Ama-alloys ahlukene anikela ngamazinga ahlukene okumelana nokugqwala.
I-316l ingukukhetha okungcono njengoba 316 ithambekele kakhulu ekugqwaneni kwe-weld kune-316L (ukugqwala ngaphakathi kweWeld). Kodwa-ke, 316 ingadedelwa ukumelana nokuwohloka kwe-weld. I-316l nayo yensimbi engenacala yokushisa okuphezulu, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu zokugqwala, yingakho zithandwa kakhulu kumaphrojekthi wokwakha kanye nasolwandle.
I-Al6XN iyinsimbi e-superAustonitic engenacala ngokumelana okuvelele kokuphamba kwe-chloride, ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo. I-Al6xn ingu-Aloy ayi-6 olwenzelwe futhi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinolaka kakhulu. Ine-nickel ephezulu (24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), i-nitrogen kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okunikeza ukumelana kahle nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwe-chloride, i-chloride ukumelana, kanye nokuphikiswa okujwayelekile kokugqwala. I-Al6xn isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuthuthukile kanye ne-crevice in clorides. Kuyinsimbi enobunzima futhi engakhathali.

Ama-flain angenasici anezakhiwo ezinhle zensimbi kanye nokuphikiswa kokugqwala, futhi ajwayele ukufakwa ekufakweni nasekuxhumeni kwamapayipi amanzi angenasici, amapayipi acindezelayo aphezulu kanye namapayipi alwa nokugqwala.
www.oepipe.com
Isiphepheli
Izinto zokwakha
Hastelloy
I-duplex steel
Ukubukelwa kwamapayipi
I-DN100 LRSH 10S ASME B16.9 90 Degree Elbow
Ukufakwa kwamapayipi wensimbi
Ukuphela Okumisiwe, Ukuphela Okusobala "
Ht a403 wp904l-s 1.25 "SCH40S 8918 iqonde Tee
I-tube engagqwali yensimbi engenacala

Kungamelana ngempumelelo nokugqwayiza kwe-chloride ion ukuqina, futhi kubuye kube nokumelana kahle nokugqwala nokuqina okuhle ku-oxidizing kanye nokunciphisa imidiya.
www.oepipe.com
Isiphepheli
Izinto zokwakha
Hastelloy
I-duplex steel
Ukubukelwa kwamapayipi
I-DN100 LRSH 10S ASME B16.9 90 Degree Elbow
Ukufakwa kwamapayipi wensimbi
Ukuphela Okumisiwe, Ukuphela Okusobala "
Ht a403 wp904l-s 1.25 "SCH40S 8918 iqonde Tee
\ 5 ^ kususelwa ku-

Kunokumelana nesikhathi eside kumakhemikhali amaningi, usawoti kanye nama-acid, kanye nezimo eziyinselele njengezindawo zasolwandle.

Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 elingagqwali liye laba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezimboni. Le alloy yensimbi ne-chrome yamukelwa ngokumelana kwayo okuphezulu ekugqwaneni, kanye nokuqina kwayo. 316 I-tubing yensimbi engagqwali ingakhiqizwa kumashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende athile.
Ama-flanges ensimbi ekhanni
Isiphepheli
Izinto zokwakha
Hastelloy
I-duplex steel
Ukubukelwa kwamapayipi
Amapuleti ensimbi Dupplex & Amashidi namakhoyili
Ukufakwa kwamapayipi wensimbi
Ukuphela Okumisiwe, Ukuphela Okusobala "

Enye imboni esebenzisa le alloy ngumkhakha wokudla kanye nophuzo, esebenzisa i-acetic acid njengokulondolozwa. I-acetic acid iyi-organic acid ewonakalisa insimbi yekhabhoni.
Ama-flanges ensimbi ekhanni
Isiphepheli
Izinto zokwakha
Hastelloy
I-duplex steel
Ukubukelwa kwamapayipi
Amapayipi wensimbi engagqwali angenazinsimbi 316 S31600 ipayipi
Ukufakwa kwamapayipi wensimbi
Ukuphela Okumisiwe, Ukuphela Okusobala "

Izikopelo ezingagqwali zensimbi ama-UNS31600 zivame ukusetshenziswa izikrini ezishisiwe noma ezinokwehla ezimayini, ukugcwala kwamanzi bese kukotshani. Ngaphezu kwe-molybdenum, i-SS 316 enomucu Izikopelo ze-SS 316 zenza okufanayo njengensimbi engenasici 304 ngaphandle kokuthi kunamandla ngandlela thile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ama-Stud angenasici angama-316Ti ama-Studs anamandla aphezulu nokuqina kunamanye amamaki wezikopelo zensimbi engagqwali. Kwenziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme eziluhlaza, ezidlula izidingo ezithile zomsebenzisi, ngaleyo ndlela ziqinisekise ukwaneliseka okuphelele. Hhayi lokho kuphela, kepha imicu idluliselwe ngaphandle kobude obugcwele benduku. Manje, ukukhuluma ngosayizi nobude ukusuka ku-3mm kuya ku-200mm kanye ne-M02 kuya ku-M33. Izindinganiso zalo zingu-ASME ne-ASTM.

I-316l ingasetshenziswa ngesimo esikhulu esivelile noma esigabeni esincane esisebenzayo esisebenzayo.

Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-chromium ye-alloy kungaphansi okungenani okungenani kwe-12%, ngokwesibonelo embonini ye-aerospace, igama elithi "ukumelana nokuphikiswa kokugqwala" liyasetshenziswa. Insimbi engenasici ingena emabangeni ahlukene kanye nokuqedwa komhlaba, kuya ngokuthi kusetshenziswe kuphi.

I-316l 1.4401 S31603 I-STIANCLEENT I-PIPE I-PIRELLELEKILE KAKHULU KAKHULU KAKHULU KANYE NOKUQHAWULA KAKHULU KWAMAHHALA OKUSHINTSHA KULULA KWEZINHLOBO ZOKUXHUMANA NOKUthengisa. Le SS EX C31603 Pipe yenziwa ngekhwalithi ephezulu 316l insimbi engagqwali engenacala ngokumelana kahle nokugqwala, i-oxidation kanye nokubala, okwenza kube kuhle ngezindawo ezinokhahlo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu.
Amapayipi angama-304 enziwe ngensimbi engama-304 engagqwali, impahla ejwayelekile futhi ethandwayo kuzinhlelo eziningi zezimboni ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala kanye noximation. Lawa mapayipi amapayipi e-S30400 ahlanganiswe asebenzisa imishini ekhethekile nezinqubo, eziqinisekisa ukuthi zinembe kakhulu futhi zithembekile.

Chichewa
1.4529 (uns N08926) Unokumelana okuphezulu kakhulu ekugcekeni okukhohlisayo kanye nokugqwala kwama-crevice emithonjeni yezemithombo ye-halide nasezindaweni ezinama-acidic aqukethe isibabulfur ne-hydrogen

I-SMO 254 Tube ihlanganiswe kakhulu futhi inokumelana nokugqwayiza okuqhathaniswa nokusebenza okuphezulu kwensimbi ye-auntenitic. I-SMO 254 I-SENAVASSIP PIPLE AKUFANELE i-CARRODE, ukugqwala noma ukumanzi njengensimbi ejwayelekile.

I-Aisi 904L Stud Bolts yenziwa ku-ASTM A182 F904L impahla eyenziwe. I-Aisi 904L Stud Bolts yenziwa kusuka ku-ASTM A276 \ A276MM kanye ne-A479 \ A479M BAR SHOO SHEAR STOMECHS. Lezi zimbotshana zensimbi ezingenasici ezingama-904l zakhiwe ngezilinganiso ezibhekiselwe kwi-ASME \ Din \ Uni \ I-Aisi 904L Stud Bolts imakwe ngokufanelekile ekulandeleleni.

Phakathi kwezicelo eziningi, imikhiqizo ifaka phakathi izingxenye zokusetshenziswa kwe-mehendi, amakhemikhali, u-petroleum, ukudla okubukwayo, ukudla kanye nesiphuzo, kanye nezimboni zezokwelapha.

I-SAE 304 Insimbi Engagqwali iyinsimbi evame kakhulu engenacala. Insimbi iqukethe zombili i-chromium (phakathi kuka-18% no-20%) kanye ne-nickel (phakathi kuka-8% kanye ne-10,5%) [1] izinsimbi njengezicini ezingezona zensimbi. Kuyinsimbi engelutho engagqwali. Akukancane ngogesi nakwesobunxele kunensimbi yekhabhoni. Kuyinto kazibuthe, kepha kazibuthe kakhulu kunensimbi. Inokumelana nokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu kunensimbi ejwayelekile futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokukhululeka lapho kwakhiwa khona ngezimo ezahlukahlukene. [1]

Ama-N083367 futhi abizwa futhi njengoba i-alroy al6xn iyikhabhoni ephansi, ubumsulwa obuphezulu, ubumsulwa be-nitrogen-auntenitic "ama-nickel-molybdenum alloy ane-chloride pittipt kanye ne-crevice corrision.

Enye yezinto ezikhathazayo ezinkulu nge-SS 304 efanelekayo izindleko zayo eziphansi ngokuqhathaniswa namanye ama-arloy asemphethweni we-alloy aphelele
I-Alloy 904L iyinsimbi engazinzi eliqinile, eliphakeme le-auntenitic auntenitic elingenacala ngokuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhabhoni.
www.oepipe.com
Isiphepheli
Izinto zokwakha
Hastelloy
I-duplex steel
Ukubukelwa kwamapayipi
I-DN100 LRSH 10S ASME B16.9 90 Degree Elbow
Ukufakwa kwamapayipi wensimbi
Ukuphela Okumisiwe, Ukuphela Okusobala "
Ht a403 wp904l-s 1.25 "SCH40S 8918 iqonde Tee
Asme B36.19M I-Stireless Insimbi Ipayipi

Insimbi engenasici i-aroy yensimbi equkethe ubuncane be-chromium engu-10,5%. Izakhi zezabelo ezifana ne-nickel, molybdenum, titanium, carbon, nitrogen, futhi ithusi zingakhulisa amandla, ukwakheka, nezinye izakhiwo zensimbi engagqwali. Ama-alloys ahlukene anikela ngamazinga ahlukene okumelana nokugqwala.
I-316l ingukukhetha okungcono njengoba 316 ithambekele kakhulu ekugqwaneni kwe-weld kune-316L (ukugqwala ngaphakathi kweWeld). Kodwa-ke, 316 ingadedelwa ukumelana nokuwohloka kwe-weld. I-316l nayo yensimbi engenacala yokushisa okuphezulu, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu zokugqwala, yingakho zithandwa kakhulu kumaphrojekthi wokwakha kanye nasolwandle.
I-Al6XN iyinsimbi e-superAustonitic engenacala ngokumelana okuvelele kokuphamba kwe-chloride, ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo. I-Al6xn ingu-Aloy ayi-6 olwenzelwe futhi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinolaka kakhulu. Ine-nickel ephezulu (24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), i-nitrogen kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okunikeza ukumelana kahle nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwe-chloride, i-chloride ukumelana, kanye nokuphikiswa okujwayelekile kokugqwala. I-Al6xn isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuthuthukile kanye ne-crevice in clorides. Kuyinsimbi enobunzima futhi engakhathali.

I-Hex Head Bolts ingafakwa izimbobo zangaphakathi ngaphakathi noma ezisetshenziswe ngamantongomane ukwelula izakhi ndawonye. Ngezicelo zokulungiswa, zingasetshenziswa ngama-Locknuts ukuze abambe izakhi ezisendaweni. Zenziwa ngokwezinga le-IFI-199.

I-SA105 Tee Makhiqizi ASTM A105 Socket Weld Fittings
ASTM A312 IPP32 IP316 I-Seamless Insimbi Yezimboni I-Pipe I-S31600 SMLS PIPE
I-SS 316 I-PIEMELL PIED ne-ASTM A312 i-IPP32 I-WELDED PIPE APPREATIR E-China
Ukuthengisa okushisayo kwe-Flange SS 316 1-2 # 150 th np vf asme B16.5 Flanx insimbi engagqwali
Inqubo Yokukhiqiza I-Rolling \ Umsebenzi oshisayo, ukugoqa okubandayo
B16.28 Tee Asme B16.49 Ukunciphisa ukufakwa kwamapayipi
I-SS 304 Fittings asme SA182 304 Izici Ezingagculisi Ezenziwe Ngezinsimbi
Izinga eliphakeme lensimbi engenasici elifanelekile ukupakisha amapayipi angama-45 degree elbow
A403 WPP304-S 2-12SCH40s 90LR AIS304 0CR18NI9 X5CR-NI18
Ht a403 wp904l-s 1.25 "SCH40S 8918 iqonde Tee
Insimbi engagqwali i-al-6xn tube asme sb 676 ex n08367 tubing
Amapuleti ensimbi namashidi namakhoyili

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezingama-302 no-304, i-316 ngensimbi engenasici inokuphikiswa okuphezulu kokugqwala kanye namandla aphezulu aphezulu. Ithuthukise amandla okushisa aphezulu ngaphezulu kwama-304 futhi ibonisa ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokuphamba. Ibanga 316 alikho ama-magnetic esimweni esiveziwe.