Ikhasi 3 kwezingu-8

Abahlinzeki bensimbi engagqwali i-flain flainle ancoma leli banga elingenamicikilishelwa imisebenzi ngoba uhla lwamabanga angenasici lufana nohlu lokumelana olungenasici lufana nohlu lokuphikiswa lwensimbi olungenacala, isb.

Njengoba i-nickel iyisitatimende sezimpahla, izindleko zokusebenzisa ama-alloys ahlelwe kakhulu kusetshenziswa ama-alloys athambekele ekubizeni kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-nickel, ama-flangel angama-2205 ama-flangetes akwazi ukukhombisa izakhiwo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-molybdenum ne-chromium.

Ama-FLWISE APT-SPEL BET-WELD APT-Welded aphakamise i-FLLESE APPEL ahlinzeka ngemishini emihle kakhulu futhi engaguquki yesivinini esikhulayo sokusika, ukugqokwa kwethuluzi lokunciphisa kanye nesikhathi sokusetha.

Kukhulisa futhi amandla njengento eqinile eqinile yokuqinisa into eqinile. I-nitrogen ingumuntu onamandla we-Auucen yangaphambili, futhi ukungezwa kwe-nitrogen kuthuthukisa kakhulu ubunzima bensimbi ebili-2. Ibuye ibe yihlele nokwakhiwa kwamakhompiyutha aphakathi nendawo anele okuvumela ukucubungula kanye nokuklanywa kwama-steel-phasigal steel. I-nickel yi-auntenituct stabilizer ekhuthaza ukwakheka kwesakhiwo se-FCC se-auntenitic FCC, esinomthelela ekubumbeni kwama-steel-phasigal steel.

Okwe-Duplex Steel Flanses, isixazululo sokuhlehlisa endaweni yokushisa efanelekile elandelwa ukujula kwamanzi ngokushesha kungafinyelela ibhalansi yesigaba se-metallurgical aupurgical aupurtical aupunnical auustol-ferrite. Kubalulekile ukugcina isikhathi phakathi kokushiya isithando somlilo namanzi aqala ukucima amafushane ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa kusuka ku-flange, okungaholela ekutheni imvuthulo yezikhathi ezilimazayo ngaphambi kokucima amanzi okushisa kwegumbi.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi ehambisanayo ye-auntenitic, kuthambekele kakhulu ekumeni kwezulu kwezigaba ze-sigma, ama-nitrides kanye nama-carbides, okuholela ekulweni nokuphikiswa kokugqwala okuncishisiwe. Ama-Flanges e-Duplex Steel yi-Ultra-Steel efanele ukusetshenziswa kwezimo ezilimazayo lapho kudingeka khona amandla aphezulu emishini.

Ukwakheka kwezigaba zokuxhumana ezifana nesigaba se-SIGMA kuma-flange flange flange kwenzeka ezinhlwini zokushisa ze-600¡Ãc - 100¡Ãc, futhi ukubola kweFerrite kwenzeka kuhla lokushisa lwe-350¡Ãc - 5005¡Ãc (500) (4005¡Ãcc (4005¡Ãcc (4005¡Ãcc (4005¡Ãc (575¡Ãcc (4005¡Ãcc (4005¡Ãcc (4005¡Ãcc (4005¡Ãcc (4005¡Ãcc (4005¡ã

Ama-Flanses ensimbi engagqwali asetshenziswa kabanzi embonini kawoyela osogwini lolwandle kanye negesi lapho adalulwa khona kwimithombo yezindaba eqinile. Embonini kawoyela negesi, lapho imidiya ithuthwa ngokushesha eziteshini, izakhi ezisetshenziswe lapha zingaguga.

I-S32205 Duplex Steel Asme SA182 Butt Weld Flanges ilungele amanzi olwandle nemishini yokukhiqiza amandla ngoba izindawo zabo ezibushelelezi zingamelana namazinga okushisa aze afike ku-600¡ãf, ngenkathi enezimpawu ezinhle kakhulu zokugeleza.

Basiza ukuguqula futhi bahlanze ngisho nalezi zinhlelo zenqubo. Ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nezindawo ezishukumisayo zama-duplex sliding flanges anyusiwe kuqhathaniswa nama-flanges ensimbi engagqwali.

Njengawo wonke amabanga angenasici angenasici, ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi noma i-alloy kuncike ngokuyinhloko ekwakhiweni kwensimbi, kuleli nsimbi engenacala. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-chloride nokugqwala kwe-chlorice, okuqukethwe yizinto ezifana ne-chromium, i-molybdenum ne-nitrogen kubhekwa njengokubaluleke kakhulu.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi ithola ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuphezulu kanye nokuphikiswa okuvela e-Aucen ku-alloy, kanye neWerkstoff No 1.4462 blrf Flange inamandla amakhulu nobulukhuni, bobabili okuyingxenye ye-Ferritic.

Imishini eminingi yokucubungula isebenzisa i-Duplex 2205. Iphinde isetshenziswe yi-Industrial Storage kanye namayunithi okuhamba. Ama-pulp kanye namaphepha okugaya, amathangi awuketshezi nemishini yamaphepha nawo asebenzisa i-duplex 2205. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zasolwandle.

Kusukela ama-nsimbi angenacala ane-nickel ephansi ye-nickel kanye ne-molybdenum kunensimbi e-auntenitic engenasici, bavame ukuba nokuphikiswa okufanayo kokugqwala. Okuqukethwe kwe-alloy okuphansi kwensimbi engenacala engagqwali kusho izindleko eziphansi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso, ikakhulukazi lapho ama-alloy surcharges aphezulu. Futhi, ngenxa yamandla aphezulu wesivuno sama-nsimbi angenacala aqhathaniswa nama-auntenitic steress steres, kuvame ukwenzeka ukunciphisa ubukhulu bendawo yabo. Le nhlanganisela inganciphisa kakhulu izindleko kanye nesisindo sePilo eli-150 le-Drade Dumplex Flange ubukhulu uma liqhathaniswa nezinto kumamaki ase-Auutenitic angenasici.

Umsebenzi wesibili wamandla we-Dumplex ukulungiselela abasebenzi abathola lezi zinhlelo ukuhlanza, bahlole noma bazishintshe. Ngokuvamile, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Dumplex Insimbi Flanses zitholakala kulezi zimboni ezilandelayo, izitshalo zamakhemikhali, izitshalo zamanzi ezishisayo, izitshalo zegesi, i-pulp yokuphelelwa amandla. Lezi zimboni zisebenzisa amasistimu wokupheka amapayipi ukuhambisa imidiya, okuvame ukudala uhlobo oluthile lwengcindezi kumafazili ajwayelekile.

Ama-Druinep Steel angenalutho anesakhiwo esixubile se-Cubic egxile emzimbeni (BCC) Ferrite kanye ne-Cubic egxile ebusweni Inani eliqondile lesigaba ngasinye ngumsebenzi wokwakheka kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa noma umlando we-thermal. Kodwa-ke, ama-nsimbi angenazinsimbi amaningi ngokuvamile abhekwa njengenani elilinganayo (izingxenyana zevolumu) zeFerrite ne-Ausunite.

Inhlanganisela ye-chromium, i-molybdenum ne-nitrogen kunikeza ukumelana okuhle kwe-chloride nokugqwala kwe-crevice. Lokhu kumelana kubaluleke kakhulu kwizinsizakalo ezinjengezindawo zasolwandle, amanzi aqhekekile, imisebenzi yokubhula, izinhlelo ezivaliwe zamanzi e-loop kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokudla.

I-Duplex Steel yangeniswa emakethe njengendlela yokubhekana nezinkinga ezihambisana nokuqhekeka okuhlobene nokugqwala okubangelwa izixazululo ze-chlorine. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwezinto ze-dulex Flange nazo zenza ama-flanges athambekele ekunciphiseni kwe-chlorine-angethe Lezi ze-alloys azibizi kakhulu kunezinsimbi ezisuselwa ku-nickel.

Njengensimbi ye-alloy ephakathi nendawo, ama-dueplex blind aphakanyiselwe ubuso be-flanges anikela ngokumelana kahle nokugqwayiza kanye namandla emishini kwabezindaba abaningi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-astm evamile ye-astm 316l.

Okuqukethwe kwe-chromium kuphakathi kuka-20-28%, yingakho u-Ex S3180003 \ S32205 uFlonges oyimpumputhe uhlangabezana nento ebizwa ngokuthi yiPhathamezwe. Kulesi phenomenon, isendlalelo sokuzivikela esiphilisayo soxide esizungeza i-flange senze ukuthi imelane ne-oxidation.

I-Duplex Sliding Sliding Ubuso Buso Flanges banokuphikiswa okuphezulu kokugqwala ku-Chloride-equkethe imithombo yezindaba, kufaka phakathi amanzi olwandle, okwenza leli banga lihle nge-Deepwater Impilicals kanye nohlu lwamanye ama-oyili kanye negesi.

Kwamabanga ajwayelekile ase-Aututenituc angenasici (njenge-304 no-316), i-SCC ingaba yinkinga ezindaweni zomswakama kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu noma ngamakhemikhali athile afana nama-chlorides. Ngakho-ke, abahlinzeki be-Duplex Blind Flange bavame ukubanikeza ezimbonini ezinjengezimbotshana zamafutha nezimboni, igesi, izimboni ze-petrochemical nezasolwandle.

I-Duplex 2205 iyi-nitrogen ethuthukisiwe yensimbi engagqwali eyenzelwe ukuxazulula izinkinga ezijwayelekile zokugqwala ezihlangabezana nazo ngochungechunge olungu-300 olungenacala. "I-Duplex" ichaza umndeni wama-stainles ama-auntenitic angelona i-auntenitic (njengensimbi engama-304 engagqwali) noma i-Ferritic eyi-430

Inzuzo yesakhiwo sesigaba esimbaxambili ukuthi ihlanganisa izinzuzo ze-Ferritic Alloys (ukumelana nokuqhekeka kokugqwayiza kanye namandla aphezulu) ngezinzuzo ze-AUSTENITIC ALLOYS (ukumelana nokugqwala nokugqwayiza). Ukushisa kwensiza kwensimbi engu-2205 Dumplex Insimbi Engagqwali kufanele kukhawulelwe ngaphansi kuka-600¡ãf. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kumazinga okushisa aphezulu kungenza ama-brinkle ensimbi angama-2205.

Okokusetshenziswa okuningi lapho insimbi ye-300 yensimbi engenacala isengozini yokuqhekeka kokugqwayiza kwe-chloride ukuqhekeka, i-2205 Dumplex Steel engenacala yisixazululo esisebenzayo. Ukuqhekeka kokugqwayiza kwengcindezi kwenzeka lapho kufakwa insimbi engenacala ngaphansi kwengcindezi ye-tensaile ngenkathi ukuxhumana nezixazululo eziqukethe ama-chlorides. Amazinga okushisa aphakeme akhulisa futhi ukuthambekela kwensimbi engenasici ekuqhekekeni kwengcindezelo.

Isakhiwo sensimbi engu-2205 Dumplex Insimbi engenacala iqukethe ichibi le-Austonite elizungezwe isigaba esiqhubekayo se-Ferrite. Esimweni esivelele, u-2205 uqukethe cishe ama-40-50% Ferrite. I-2205 ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ibanga le-workhorse futhi yibanga elisetshenziswa kakhulu emndenini wensimbi engagqwali.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-auntenitic steress stainless, ama-duplex ama-stainless anokuqina okuphezulu futhi avune amandla kanye nokuphikiswa okuthuthukile kakhulu ku-chloride SCC (ukuxabana kokugqwayiza). Zibuye zibubonise ubunzima obuphakeme kune-Ferritic Steel engenasici.

Amabanga angenacala angenacala abizwa ngokuthi duplex ngoba la mabanga acishe abe ama-flange ane-flange Lesi sigaba sesigaba ezimbili i-missructure siqukethe okusanhlamvu okufana ne-auntenitic. Njengoba igama libonisa, ukwakhiwa kwe-duplex kunikeza le nto duplex yensimbi ye-socker ye-socker weld i-flange impahla ehlukahlukene yezakhiwo ezithandekayo.

Amandla okushisa aphezulu aphezulu esigaba sensimbi sensimbi flanges afana ne-alloy grade 430 ezinhlelweni zokushisa ezingama-950 kuya ku-1150¡Ãc. Kodwa-ke, amandla ashubile alawa ma-flanges akhuphuka ngokushesha ngaphansi kwe-900¡¡Ãc.

I-chromium ephezulu, okuqukethwe kwe-molybdenum kanye ne-nitrogen ka-2205 kunikeza ukumelana okungcono kokugqwala kunezinsimbi ezijwayelekile ezingejwayelekile njenge-316l kanye nama-317l ezindaweni eziningi. Le alloy exotic isetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwamafutha kanye negesi futhi isetshenziswa embonini yokucubungula amakhemikhali.