I-SAE 304 Insimbi Engagqwali iyinsimbi evame kakhulu engenacala. Insimbi iqukethe zombili i-chromium (phakathi kuka-18% no-20%) kanye ne-nickel (phakathi kuka-8% kanye ne-10,5%) [1] izinsimbi njengezicini ezingezona zensimbi. Kuyinsimbi engelutho engagqwali. Akukancane ngogesi nakwesobunxele kunensimbi yekhabhoni. Kuyinto kazibuthe, kepha kazibuthe kakhulu kunensimbi. Inokumelana nokuqina okuphezulu kakhulu kunensimbi ejwayelekile futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokukhululeka lapho kwakhiwa khona ngezimo ezahlukahlukene. [1]
I-ASTM A182 F304 Ama-Flanses ensimbi engenasici akhiqizwa ngokuya nge-ASME B16.5 150 #, 300 #, 900 #, 1500 #, 2500 #, 2500 #, 2500 #
Ngalesi sikhathi esiphezulu sokuncibilika, i-flange ingamelana namazinga okushisa aze afike ku-870 degrees Celsius. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-flanges ngokuya ngohlobo lobuso. Ama-flinges ensimbi engagqwali atholakala ngamalunga amafulethi, aphakanyisiwe futhi akhala.
Ibanga lensimbi elingagqwali, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwama-flanges wensimbi engenasici akunikeza ithuba ngaphezulu kwamabanga ajwayelekile e-carbon. Yize bebiza ngaphezu kwe-alloys yangaphambilini, ukusebenza abakunikezayo kuthatha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingeni elilandelayo.
Ezimbonini eziphatha i-nitric acid, ama-flange amapayipi wensimbi angama-304 angenacala I-304 amalangabi ensimbi engagqwali ahlala isikhathi eside futhi abiza kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ze-alloy. Ngenxa yezakhiwo ze-oxidizing zalesi sixazululo, kuzodala ukuhlukaniswa uma kusetshenziswa ekugxileni ngaphezulu kwama-55%.
Enye imboni esebenzisa le alloy ngumkhakha wokudla kanye nophuzo, esebenzisa i-acetic acid njengokulondolozwa. I-acetic acid iyi-organic acid ewonakalisa insimbi yekhabhoni.
Okuqukethwe kwe-nickel ngensimbi engenasici ama-uns ama-flanges angenasici ama-S30400 Blind
Insimbi engenasici 304 Flange yenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukufudumala.
Okuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhabhoni ka-316L kunikeza isixazululo esisebenzayo senkinga evamile yobunjiniyela ngensimbi engama-316 yensimbi engagqwali. Lolu shintsho oluncane kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lungaba nomthelela omkhulu kwizindleko zakho zokusebenza kanye nemingcele yokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi njengenhlangano yebhizinisi. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zensimbi ezifana ne-304 no-306, i-altoy yensimbi engama-316l ingasetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo lapho ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kudingeka khona. Isibonelo, ochwepheshe kwizimboni zamakhemikhali nezemithi bayisebenzisa ukwenza amathuluzi okuhlinza kanye nezimpawu zokwelashwa.
Ngoba i-alloy kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi ithambekele ekulimaleni, izinkampani zigoba ngezimo namafomu ahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, insimbi engagqwali engama-316l iyatholakala ku-strip, ucingo, ishidi, ibha kanye nezinye izimo. Yonke imboni ihlise ngempumelelo le nsimbi ukudala imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene eqediwe.
Yize zombili lezi zinsimbi zithathwa njengezinhlamvu zensimbi ephansi yekhabhoni, zihlukile kakhulu. Isibonelo, "l" umele "ophansi" ngensimbi engama-316l, okusho ukuthi i-alloy inokuqukethwe okuphansi kakhulu kwekhabhoni. I-316l ehlukile futhi imelana nokugqwala okukodwa futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kune-316. Yingakho i-316l ivame ukusetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi wasolwandle nezakhiwo.
Insimbi engu-316l ihlanganisa izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini ngokukhononda okuhle ngolunye lwezinhlaka ezinhle kakhulu zamakhemikhali emndenini wensimbi.
Kunokumelana nesikhathi eside kumakhemikhali amaningi, usawoti kanye nama-acid, kanye nezimo eziyinselele njengezindawo zasolwandle.
Uhlobo lwensimbi engu-316 lungenziwa kwelinye ibanga ngenxa yobubanzi bawo obukhulu obunamandla futhi buhlukaniswe ukusetshenziswa kwencwadi "l" egameni layo. L imele okuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhabhoni ngensimbi.
I-316l yaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwabakhiqizi bokumelana nokuqhekeka ngemuva kokuthi inqubo yokufaka i-welding iphelele. Lokhu kwenza i-316L ukukhetha kokuqala kwabakhiqizi abafuna ukwakha izakhiwo zensimbi zezicelo zezimboni.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, kukhona ezinye izehlakalo zebanga ezifana ne-F, N, H kanye nabanye abaningana, ngokulungisa ukucaciswa kwekhabhoni, i-mulfur, i-phromiro, i-chromium, i-molybdenum, nickel, njll. Ukuthola izakhiwo ezifunwayo.
Izicelo ezijwayelekile zensimbi zifaka: Imishini yokulungiselela ukudla, imishini yelebhu, iziqukathi zamakhemikhali zokuhamba, iziphethu, izikrini zokushisa, izitifiketi zokugula, ukugcwaliswa kwasolwandle, ukugcwaliswa kwamanzi. Omunye womehluko omkhulu phakathi kwensimbi engama-316l yensimbi engenacala nensimbi engama-316 eyenziwe ngeziqhingi ukuthi okuqukethwe yi-carbon kwangaphambili kuphakama ngo-0,03%, kanye nokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okugcina kuphakeme njenge-0.08%. Lo mehluko ubanikeza izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene. Masifunde kabanzi nge-alsoy yensimbi engama-316l engenasici.
Lapho kudingeka i-welding, insimbi inempahla yokuqhekeka njengoba ipholisa. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu wenqubo yokufaka i-welding abangela lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi "ukufezekiswa okushisayo" njengopholile wensimbi. Lokhu kwenza izakhiwo zakhiwe ngensimbi ephezulu yokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni zithambekele ekulimaleni ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwemifantu ezindaweni lapho insimbi ifakwa khona insimbi. I-Alloy yensimbi engagqwali isetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo njengoba ilungele kahle ukugwema ukugqwala kwe-weld. Futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi inendawo ephezulu yokuncibilika cishe ngama-degrees Celdius acishe abe ngu-2,500 ama-degrees acishe abe ngu-1,370. Ngaphezu kwekhabhoni, le alloy iqukethe u-2% manganese futhi aze afike ku-0.75% salicon.
I-A182 F316L ekhethekile yezimboni ezibucayi ezifana nokulungiselela ukudla
Lokhu okusetshenziswayo kusetshenziswa kabanzi engxenyeni enkulu ye-wauge welderents kanye nokuchazwa kwe-weld annealing kudingeka kuphela lapho okuqukethwe kusetshenziswa ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu. Ngenxa yokumelana nokuqina okuphezulu kokuqina, i-366l inokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezisekelweni zasolwandle.
Amapuleti ensimbi angama-316 namashubhu angama-316l anezakhiwo ezijwayelekile futhi ajwayele ukuqinisekiswa okuphindwe kabili, okuqinisekisa ukuthi bobabili banezakhiwo nezingoma ezihambisana nazo zombili izinhlobo zensimbi. Imodeli 316H ayifakwanga kulokhu ngoba, ngokungafani ne-316 ne-316L, i-316H yakhelwe ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu okusebenza.
Izinzuzo zohlobo lwe-Type 316l ngensimbi engenacala zifaka okuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhabhoni okususa amadiphozi e-carbon ngesikhathi se-welding futhi kungasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlanzeke kakhulu.
Uhlobo lwensimbi engu-316L olungenacala lukhuphuke ukuvikelwa kokugqwala ngenxa yokungezwa kwe-molybdenum.
Thayipha insimbi engamakhemikhali engamakhemikhali nangokwemishini efana nebanga lamabanga angama-316.
I-A182 F316L Indandatho Egwini i-Chromium ivikela insimbi kusuka ekugqwalisweni nasekulimazeni okuhlobene
