I-ASTM B407 EX N08800 Incoloy 700 I-Welded Pipe Referer

I-ASTM A106 Pressue Piep (eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-ASME SA106 Pipe) ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwamafutha okucolisiswa kwamafutha, izitshalo zamandla, izithuthi, lapho amapayipi kufanele athule khona ama-fluids namazinga okushisa aphezulu.

I-INTRR 36® iyinsimbi ye-nickel-i-iron, i-alloy ephansi ephansi equkethe ama-nickel angama-36%, i-invar 36 ine-coeffied ephansi yokunwebeka kusuka kumazinga okushisa angu-500 ° F (260 ° C).

I-Stainless yensimbi engu-304 iSpectacle Blind Flange, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-SS 304 Flice Flange noma i-Paddle Blind I-SS 304 Spectacle Blind Flange isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izigaba ezihlukanisayo zepayipi noma ukuvalwa okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokulungiswa noma imisebenzi yokuhlola.

I-Butt Weld Pipe Fittings
(Kubuye kwambozwa imininingwane ye-ASME njengoba iSA \ A106) ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwepayipi le-Carbon engenamthungo yenkonzo ephezulu. Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kuma-recoreries kanye nezitshalo lapho ama-gasses noma uketshezi luhanjiswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu nasezingcindezini.

I-SCH40 Monel 400 ipayipi iqokwa njenge-Werkstoff Inombolo engu-2.4360 futhi ayinasi-n04400. I-Alloy 400 Ipayipi elibuye laziwa ngokuthi yi-Monel Alloy 400 ipayipi, i-monel 400 ipayipi & nickel alloy 400 Pipe.

I-Nickel 200 Flinges the nickel 200 Flanges ayahlala isikhathi eside, aqinile, futhi abe nokuqeda okuhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ASTM B564 ANS N02200 Flanges Blind

I-Incons 725 Bolt Material ihlangana ne-ASTM B446, B564, F467, F468, F467, ANS 56856, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye nezicelo zokushisa eziphakeme kuze kube yi-1000O C (1800O F).

I-Coil 625 Coil ibonakala ngokumelana kwayo okuhle kwi-oxidation, ukugqwala okushisa kakhulu nokukhathala. I-ASTM B443 EX N06625 INCONEM PLATTE isetshenziswa kabanzi e-Aerospace, ukucubungula amakhemikhali kanye namafutha kanye negesi ngenxa yamandla ayo aphakeme, izinkambiso nokuqina okuphezulu.

I-A789 EXS S31803 ne-UNS S32205 amamaki amabili wensimbi engenacala esetshenziswa kabanzi kwizicelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni. Lawa mapayipi we-Duplex S31803 ayaziwa ngokumelana kwawo okuhle kakhulu, amandla aphezulu, nokushiswa okuhle. I-A789 ingukucaciswa okuhlanganisa amashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded enziwe ngensimbi engenacala.

I-Alloy 800 iyi-nickel-iron-chromium alloy enamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana okuhle ne-oxidation kanye nokugqwala emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. I-ASTM B407 EX N08800 Incoloy 800 W. NR. 1.4876 Ipayipi eline-welded lisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwemishini edinga ukumelana nokuvutha, ukumelana nokushisa, amandla, nokuqina kwenkonzo kuze kube ngu-1500 ° F (816 ° C).

I-flange ingaba yipuleti lokumboza noma ukuvala ukuphela kwepayipi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-flange eyimpumputhe. Ngakho-ke, ama-flanges abhekwa njengezakhi zangaphakathi ezisetshenziselwa ukusekela izingxenye zemishini.

Incoloy 800h Flange Sinedumela eliqinile embonini ngokukhiqiza ama-flanges asezingeni eliphakeme lezinhlobo ezahlukene ezizohambisana nezidingo zamakhasimende ethu. Sikhiqiza incoloy 800 Flanges ethembekile futhi ephezulu ngekhwalithi. Sisebenzisa izinsizakusebenza ze-premium kanye nemishini ethuthukile yokukhiqiza i-ASTM B564 ANC N08800 Incoloy 800 Flangetes.

Thenga insimbi engenasici angama-254 amapayipi we-welde kanye nama-smo 254 skwele amapayipi wesikwele
I-S31803 Dumplex I-Chromium Dumplex engu-22% Chromium (Auntenitic \
Amapuleti ensimbi namashidi namakhoyili

Ama-alloys amelana nawo aphikisayo asetshenziswa kabanzi yizimboni zokucubungula amakhemikhali. Isidingo sokusebenza okuthembekile siholela ekwamukelweni nasekukhuleni kwazo ezindaweni zamandla, ezempilo kanye nezemvelo, uwoyela kanye negesi, amakhemikhali kanye negesi yokuhlanza igesi.

Ama-Flango ensimbi ahlinzeka ngokufinyelela okulula kokuhlanza, ukuhlola noma ukuguqulwa. Imvamisa ziza ngezimo eziyindilinga kepha nazo zingafika ngezindlela zesikwele nezinxantathu. Ama-flanges ahlanganiswe komunye nomunye ngokubopha futhi ajoyine ohlelweni lwamapayipi ngokushiswa noma ethangothini futhi aklanyelwe izilinganiso ezithile zengcindezelo; I-150LB, 300LB, 400LB, 600LB, 900LB, 1500LB no-2500lb.

I-ASTM A 312 Isembozo esijwayelekile se-Steamless esingenamthungo kanye nokwenziwa kwensimbi yensimbi eqondile ye-welded yensizakalo ephezulu yokushisa ne-General Corlomive Service, kungokwamndeni wensimbi engenasici.

Lokhu kufanele kube yingxenye yohlelo lokuhambisa uketshezi (uwoyela, igesi, umusi, amakhemikhali, ...) ngendlela ephephile futhi ephumelelayo, amabanga amafushane noma amade.

I-ASTM A403 WP321 ingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ezingenasici zepayipi

I-ASTM A240 1.4404 - 1.4435 Uhlobo # 4 Brushled 6K 8K 10k Mirror 304 316l 2b Phrication Steel Sheet

Amapayipi we-ASTM a106 angenamthungo (abizwa nangokuthi amapayipi e-ASME Sa106) asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwamafutha namagesi wokucolisiswa, izitshalo zamandla, izitshalo ze-petrochemical, ama-boiles kanye nemikhumbi. Lawa mapayipi kufanele aphathe uketshezi olubonisa amazinga aphezulu okushisa namazinga wengcindezi kanye negesi.

 I-ANSI B16.5 Super Dumplex Insimbi Engagqwali i-S32750 Orice Flange ihlinzeka ngokumelana kahle nezindawo ezahlukahlukene zokulima, kufaka phakathi amanzi olwandle, izixazululo ze-acidic, kanye nezindawo eziqukethe i-chloride. I-Super Duplex F53 wn Flange ekhombisa ukumelana okuphezulu kokugqwala kunama-standard dumplex stepless amabala.

I-Incons 600 Round Bar iyi-alloy esekwe ku-nickel nge-benign carburulization kanye nokuphikiswa okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Imigoqo eyindilinga engama-600 eyindilinga iyasebenza ngokumelene nokomisa ama-CL2 namanye amagesi amaningi ahlukene emazingeni okushisa aphakeme aphezulu. I-Alloy 600 Bar iyi-nickel-chromium alloy ene-oxidation enhle nokumelana nokuqhekeka kwengcindezi yokuwohloka kwe-chloride, ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu kokugqwayiza kwamanzi kanye ne-acid oxidation emazingeni okushisa aphakeme.

I-Nickel Alloy 400 no-Monel 400, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-UNS N04400, i-alloy esuselwa ku-nickel-copper eyakhiwe ngokuyinhloko i-nickel yesibili ne-lickel yesithathu neyodwa. I-Nickel Alloy 400 yaziwa ngokumelana kwayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo ezilimazayo, kufaka phakathi i-alkalis (noma ama-acid), amanzi anosawoti, i-hydrofluoric acid, ne-sulfuric acid. Njengoba i-monel 400 noma i-alloy 400 iyinsimbi ebandayo esetshenzisiwe, le alloy inobulukhuni obuphezulu, ukuqina namandla. Ngokusebenza okubandayo kwe-ASTM B164 ANS N04400 Bar stock, i-alloy ifakwa emazingeni aphezulu wengcindezi yemishini, yona ebangela izinguquko kwi-miscruccucture ye-alloy.

I-Al6XN iyinsimbi e-superAustonitic engenacala ngokumelana okuvelele kokuphamba kwe-chloride, ukugqwala kwe-crevice kanye nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo. I-Al6xn ingu-Aloy ayi-6 olwenzelwe futhi asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinolaka kakhulu. Ine-nickel ephezulu (24%), i-molybdenum (6.3%), i-nitrogen kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okunikeza ukumelana kahle nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwe-chloride, i-chloride ukumelana, kanye nokuphikiswa okujwayelekile kokugqwala. I-Al6xn isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuthuthukile kanye ne-crevice in clorides. Kuyinsimbi enobunzima futhi engakhathali.

Ukunwetshwa okulungiselelwe i-iron-nickel-cobalt alloys, ama-kovar alloys, ube nokwanda okunezinwele okuqondile okufana nalokho kwengilazi enzima ngaphakathi kobubanzi bokushisa obuthile

I-Alloy Steel Pepe ne-Tube
Ukufakwa kwamapayipi wensimbi
I-Hastelloy C2000 iyatholakala ngosayizi nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, lolu hlobo lwe-nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy ludume ngamandla alo aphakeme nokuphikiswa kokugqwala.
I-Aisi 301 304 Ipayipi Lensimbi Engagqwali

I-tube yensimbi engama-316 engenasici yakhiwe ngokuyisisekelo nge-chromium nickel alloy insimbi efakwe ngo-molybdenum ekuhlolweni kwayo kwamakhemikhali. Ishubhu lingamelana ngempumelelo ukugqoka nokudabula, futhi banamandla aphezulu kanye nokuvikelwa okuthuthukile kokugqwala, uma kuqhathaniswa namashubhu angama-304

I-Incons 625 futhi inokumelana nemidiya ehlukahlukene enemininingwane ebangela ukugqwala okwenziwe kwasendaweni, ukuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo nezinye izindlela zokuhlaselwa.

1. Indlela ejwayelekile yokuhlola: Inqubo ebekiwe esetshenziselwa ukukhomba, ukuvivinya kanye nokusebenzisa ikhwalithi, izici namapharamitha wezinto zokwakha, imikhiqizo, amasistimu noma izinsizakalo.

I-alloy 800h tube inezimpawu ezinhle zemishini njengoba ibonwa ku-alloy esekwe ngensimbi futhi zivame ukusebenza kanzima ngesikhathi senqubo mail maching.

I-Inconfel Inconto Okusetshenziswayo 625 okusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ekulelizinga inamandla nobulukhuni obukhulu.

Insimbi engenacala inekhabhoni engaphezulu kune-SS316L. I-nickel ne-molybdenum yizithako eziphambili zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza inqubo yamapayipi ensimbi angenasisekelo i-SS316. Ngokungeza i-molybdenum kwinqubo yokukhiqiza, ithuthukisa kahle ukumelana nokugqwayiza kwe-alloy, ikakhulukazi emvelweni evezwa kakhulu ekugcekeni kwe-crevice ezindaweni ezisuselwa ku-chloride.
www.htststeelpipe.com
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Ipayipi elinqunyelwe
I-welded tube
ipayipi lika-contel 600
I-Nickel Alloy Pipe neThubhu
Ifektri ye-InconELel 625 Amandla Amandla Aphezulu
Ipayipi lensimbi ne-tube
ASTM A182 F317L FLANELL Insimbi Flainses
I-Hastelloy C2000 PIPES ASME SB626 Hastelloy C2000 Welded tubing
i-welded 316l 316 R16 R16 R16 R16 R16 R16 R16 R16 REALLLELE IPEKHODILELO

I-nickel based 800 incoloy hexagonal Pipe yaziwa ukuthi imelana nokugqwala okuhle. Ngokukhuluma ngokuqondile, ipayipi le-Incoloy 800 linikeza ukumelana okwanele ngokumelene nobabili ukuthuthuka kanye nokugqwala koxidation.

Insimbi engenasici

2. Icacisiwe ejwayelekile: Ibeka phambili izidingo zobuchwepheshe nemiyalo ethile yezinto zokwakha, imikhiqizo, amasistimu, noma amaphrojekthi, futhi ihlongoza izinqubo okufanele zitholwe ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zobuchwepheshe.

I-Stainless Steel SS EX30400 Flange iyinsimbi ephezulu yokumelana, iyinsimbi engemuva engagqwali enokuphikiswa okuphezulu kokugqwala kunohlobo lwama-316l noma amamaki kanye nohlobo lwe-317L noma amamaki kanye nohlobo lwe-317l. Ngenxa yokungezwa kwezinye izinto, lokhu okuqukethwe kunokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala kokunciphisa ama-acid afana ne-sulfuric acid. Isetshenziswa ezitshalweni futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezicelo

Izicucu zensimbi engagqwali ezingama-304 ziyindlela eyodwa enjalo yepayipi, enikeza amandla aphezulu ashubile, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuqeda okungenasici. Ukuphikiswa okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala nokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-carbon kanye namandla aphezulu kwenza i-DIN 1.4301 AIS 304 AIS 304 AIS 304 ama-radius radius ama-elbows afanele izinhlelo ezidinga ukufudumeza. Kuyindlela eguquguqukayo esetshenziswa ekuwohlokeni kukagesi okuwohloka kakhulu.

I-6 FUKU LOKUQHAWULA: Ihlukanisa futhi ihlukanise izinto zokwakha, imikhiqizo, amasistimu, noma izinsizakalo ezithile ngokuya ngomthombo wazo, ukwakheka, ukusebenza noma ukusetshenziswa.

S31254-254SMO Black Nature Iculol Intungetho I-Intunnexagon Socket Head Bolt M100mm Hexagon Socket Head Bolts S31254-254SMO Hexagon Socken Socket Head

I-C22 inokumelana kahle nokugqwala okwenziwe kahle kwe-chloride, kufaka phakathi ukupela, ukugqwala kwe-crevice, nokuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezelo.

Lokhu kuhlinzeka ngokumelana okuthuthukiswe kakhulu ku-sulfuric acid. Futhi inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-chromium, ukukhulisa ukumelana kwayo kumakhemikhali oxidizing kanye nemifudlana yenqubo engcoliswe ngama-forric ion kanye ne-oksijini encibilikisiwe.

Kukhombisa ukumelana okuhle ezindaweni ezingathathi hlangothi nezinciphisa. Le alloy yakha i-oxide enobuhlakani, ifilimu evikelayo engahambisani, kepha igcina ukumelana ne-opidation ephakeme emazingeni okushisa anyukayo.

I-ASTM A312 I-IPP316 iyincazelo ejwayelekile ye-seamless engenamthungo, i-suuntenicled auntenitic esetshenzisiwe amapayipi wensimbi angenamikhawulo asetshenziswa ezisetshenzisweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokushisa kanye nezinsizakalo ezijwayelekile. Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 le-seamless lensimbi lenziwa ngenhlanganisela ye-chromium, i-nickel, kanye ne-molybdenum, enikeza i-SS 316 i-seamless tube ukumelana kahle nokugqwala.

I-Alloy 800 Weld Teld Flanges Sinedumela eliqinile embonini ngokukhiqiza ama-flanges asezingeni eliphakeme lezinhlobo ezahlukene ezizohambisana nezidingo zamakhasimende ethu. Sikhiqiza incoloy 800 Flanges ethembekile futhi ephezulu ngekhwalithi. Sisebenzisa izinsizakusebenza ze-premium kanye nemishini ethuthukile yokukhiqiza i-ASTM B564 ANC N08800 Incoloy 800 Flangetes.
I-fasteners ye-254 (1.4547) yenziwa nge-alloy yensimbi engapheli eyenzelwe ukumelana namanzi anosawoti kanye nokugqwala kwe-chloride. Lesi silo esingu-6% (6% molybdenum) i-alloy inokumelana okuhle kokugqwala kwasendaweni, futhi i-254 SMO ihlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu kakhulu kunamanye ama-autenitic steres steres.

I-micross stream 718 ngeke ihlukanise izinto ezenziwayo ezindaweni ezithinteke kakhulu endaweni ethintekile noma zibangele ubunzima be-welding ngenxa yokuqhekeka.

I-ASTM A106 Pressure Piep (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ASME SA106 Pipe) ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwamafutha okucolisiswa kwamafutha, izitshalo zamandla, izithuthi lapho amapayipi kufanele athumele khona ama-fluids namazinga okucindezela.
Amapayipi angama-304 enziwe ngensimbi engama-304 engagqwali, impahla ejwayelekile futhi ethandwayo kuzinhlelo eziningi zezimboni ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala kanye noximation. Lawa mapayipi amapayipi e-S30400 ahlanganiswe asebenzisa imishini ekhethekile nezinqubo, eziqinisekisa ukuthi zinembe kakhulu futhi zithembekile.
I-Alkel-Cont-based Alloy 400 Monel 2.4360 Indukulela ebandayo ebandayo engu-400 I-Monel 400 iyi-alloy yethusi ne-nickel esekelwe ethandwa namuhla ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu. I-alloy ine-acid enhle kakhulu ne-alkali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inamandla amahle ashubile, i-decticity, ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu okushisayo, futhi kungaqiniswa ngokusebenza kubanda. Ngokwengeziwe, ingasetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamazinga okushisa asukela ku-minus kuya kuma-538 degrees Celsius.

Ama-nickel 800 ama-rolled bar aqalile aqaliswa ngemuva nje kwenqubo eshisayo eshisayo, evumela imigoqo ibonise amandla ahlukile nokuqedwa komhlaba omuhle kakhulu. I-Alloy 800 Bright Bar iyibanga elithandekayo lobuhle elingakhiqizwa emipheni nosayizi abahlukahlukene.

I-A106 Pipe impahla ejwayelekile yaseMelika, kufaka phakathi a, B, C amamaki amathathu, izithako ze-A106 a yi-carbon ne-silicon, ibanga lamandla ashubile, ibanga lamandla ashubile lingu-330 MPA. Izithako ze-A106 B yi-carbon, i-manganese kanye ne-silicon, ibanga lamandla ashubile lingu-415 MPA. Izithako ze-A106 C yizakhi ze-carbon, manganese kanye ne-silicon, ibanga lamandla ashubile lingu-485 MPA.

Amashubhu angenamthungo angama-600 angenamthungo we-Ex Enc N06600 ne-ASTM B167 yibo abakhiqizwayo ukuze bagxile ekucindezelweni okukhulu ngokweqile futhi beze newaranti enkulu.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-flanges ezinjenge-254 SMO Slip on Flange zinokumelana kahle nokugqwala ngenxa yokwakheka. Ama-flanges nawo anamandla kunamaphayizi ajwayelekile ensimbi engenasici angu-650mpa ubuncane bamandla, ama-300MPA amancane isivuno samandla esivuzwayo kanye namazinga angu-35%.

I-2507 (Uns S32750) iyinsimbi embi kakhulu ye-Super Dumplex eyenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga amandla amahle kakhulu nokuphikiswa kokugqwala.

I-316l 1.4401 S31603 I-STIANCLEENT I-PIPE I-PIRELLELEKILE KAKHULU KAKHULU KAKHULU KANYE NOKUQHAWULA KAKHULU KWAMAHHALA OKUSHINTSHA KULULA KWEZINHLOBO ZOKUXHUMANA NOKUthengisa. Le SS EX C31603 Pipe yenziwa ngekhwalithi ephezulu 316l insimbi engagqwali engenacala ngokumelana kahle nokugqwala, i-oxidation kanye nokubala, okwenza kube kuhle ngezindawo ezinokhahlo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu.
www.htststeelpipe.com
Ishubhu elingenamthungo
Ipayipi elinqunyelwe
I-welded tube
ipayipi lika-contel 600
I-Nickel Alloy Pipe neThubhu
Ifektri ye-InconELel 625 Amandla Amandla Aphezulu
Ipayipi lensimbi ne-tube
ASTM A182 F317L FLANELL Insimbi Flainses
I-Hastelloy C2000 PIPES ASME SB626 Hastelloy C2000 Welded tubing
I-Monel 400 Ipayipi lamafreyimu wezinto zamehlo

Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlolweni kwamafutha okuphuma olwandle kanye negesi \ Prokhiqiteleni kanye nakushintshile ekushiseni ku-petrochemical \ ukucubungula kwamakhemikhali.

Ubuningi be-titanium bungama-60% e-60% yensimbi engenasici kanye ne-nickel alloys, lokhu kulondolozwa kwesisindo kwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho lokhu kubalulekile njenge-aerospace.

INilo Alloy 36, w.nr 1.3912, i-Invar 36® iyi-nickel-iron, i-alloy elawulwa okuphansi equkethe ama-nickel angama-36% futhi anezinga lokunwetshwa kwensimbi ecishe ibe yishumi lensimbi ye-carbon.

I-316 ipayipi bend iyisinqumo esiphakeme sokugqwala okuphezulu kanye nezicelo zokushisa eziphakeme. Kusukela i-316L iqukethe ikhabhoni encane kune-316, inokumelana kangcono nokuqina kokugqwala, okusho ukuthi ama-welds azowina abomvu, ngokungafani nensimbi engama-316 engagqwali.
Ifaka insimbi engama-304 engenasici ukuze imelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, le llainger evunyiwe ye-weldi tek flange ingafakwa ohlelweni nge-clurceferance ye-wald entanyeni. Indawo ye-welded ingahlolwa kalula yi-radiography. Ipayipi elifanisiwe ne-Flange Brore inciphisa isiyaluyalu nokuguguleka ngaphakathi kwepayipi. I-Flange ihle kakhulu ukuze isetshenziswe kuzinhlelo zakho ezibucayi futhi ilungele ukusetshenziswa ngomoya, amanzi, uwoyela, igesi yemvelo kanye nomusi.

I-ASME B36.19M ingukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwamapayipi ensimbi angenasici, acacisa ubukhulu, ukubekezelelana kanye nezidingo zokukhiqiza amapayipi afakwe emthungo.

I-ASTM F52 A350 LF2 Intamo ende ye-Weld A694 F60 Blind 12 inch 300 A105 wnrf flange

Amandla okwenziwa ngomshini, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokulimala okuphansi kokushisa kwe-ASTM A182 F53 FLCES kuphakeme kunaleso esijwayelekile sama-stackenger steres.

Ipayipi lensimbi engama-316 elingagqwali liye laba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezimboni. Le alloy yensimbi ne-chrome yamukelwa ngokumelana kwayo okuphezulu ekugqwaneni, kanye nokuqina kwawo. 316 I-tubing yensimbi engagqwali ingakhiqizwa kumashubhu angenamthungo nama-welded ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende athile.