ASTM A312 TP 316L heat pipes with BL flanges

Hastelloy B3’s distinguishing characteristic is its ability to maintain good ductility while transient exposure to intermediate temperatures.

The pipeline system must be produced and mounted away from the facility site. These complex facilities use pipe spools with different measurements and various components. Pipe spools are the prefabricated segments that include pipes, flanges, and fittings. Pipe fittings are the components that connect the complex pipe network. Moreover, pipe fittings change the piping systems¡¯ either sizes or dimensions. There are various types of fitting components but they can be briefly divided into three groups which are elbows tees and flanges.

Pipe spools are pre-shaped to make easier assemble using hoists, gauges and other tools for joining the parts. Pipe spools unite long pipes with flanges from the end of the long pipes so they can be bolted with each other with matching flanges.

The lap-joint flanges have the nearly same shape as the socket weld flanges except for the weld gap. Thus, their use in applications that can cause corrosion is advantageous. Another flange type is the threaded flanges. The threaded flanges are very useful in specific applications since they do not require welding for fixation.

For certain applications, grade 254 SMO has been reported to be a cost-effective substitute for high nickel and titanium alloys.

Customized Prefabrication Pipe Spools

Pipe welded with Flanges

Pipe welded with Fittings

Flanges welded with Fittings

Their Inconel surface becomes corrosion resistant due to the formation of patina. Incoloy material has a higher iron content and is less expensive than Inconel products. They are also resistant to corrosion from a variety of materials, including steam and acids. These materials are resistant to seawater, acid gas and saltwater environments.

Hastelloy C276 is known for its excellent corrosion resistance in a variety of corrosive media. It includes chloride ions, sulfur compounds, etc. In addition, this alloy has excellent resistance to crevice corrosion, pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. It helps resist the corrosive effects of wet chlorine, chlorine dioxide and hypochlorite. This product is ideal for seawater applications.

Resistance to chloride ion corrosion is one of the main factors that facilitate the use of incoloy grades in different industrial applications.

It has great resistance to stress-corrosion cracking and pitting. Hastelloy B-2? also features hydrochloric acid resistance at all concentrations and temperatures.

The alloy has good oxidation resistance and creep strength to 1500¡ãF (816¡ãC). It also possesses good low temperature toughness.

The sluggish age-hardening response of alloy 718 permits annealing and welding without spontaneous hardening during heating and cooling.

The number of welds on a spool must be kept in a minimum count. The dimension of the spacing between circumferential welds and the center lines must not be larger than the four times the wall thickness of the pipe or fitting. After the main welds, tacks welds must be done precisely. All welds in the spools must be implemented according to proper Welding Procedure Specification (WPS). After the welding process is done, quality control of the components is performed by the specialists.

It is known to possess excellent workability as well.

Monel 400 is a nickel-copper alloy (about 67% Ni ¨C 23% Cu) that is resistant to sea water and steam at high temperatures as well as to salt and caustic solutions.

One exception, however, are strongly oxidizing acids such as nitric acid. Alloys that contain molybdenum generally do not perform as well in these environments.?

Alloy 400/Monel 400 comes directly from refined ore bodies in Canada, and with a copper content of approximately 30 wt%, it provides a lower cost alternative to commercially pure nickel, but still retains a very similar characteristics.

This nickel alloy is particularly resistant to hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids when they are de-aerated. As would be expected from its high copper content, alloy 400 is rapidly attacked by nitric acid and ammonia systems.

Thermal processing equipment in industrial applications, such as baskets, trays, and fixtures. In chemical or petrochemical processing it is used for heat exchangers and piping systems in nitric acid media, especially where resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking is required.

In nuclear reactors uses are for such components as control rod inlet stub tubes, reactor vessel components and seals, steam dryers and d separators in boiling water reactors.

Inconel 718 is a precipitation hardenable nickel-chromium alloy with high creep rupture strength at elevated temperatures around 700oC (1290oF). It is stronger than Inconel X-750 and has better mechanical properties at low temperatures than Nimonic 90 and Inconel X-750.

The outstanding and versatile corrosion resistance of INCONEL 625 alloy under a wide range of temperatures and pressures is a primary reason for its wide acceptance in the chemical processing field.

Inconel 600 exhibits cold forming characteristics normally associated with chromium-nickel stainless steels.

Environments that don¡¯t attack 304/304L stainless steel will normally not corrode 317L.

With this advantage, all of the pipeline using industries has a great opportunity to increase their pipeline system efficiency and decrease their need for workforce and time.

Roller hearths and radiant tubes, in carbon nitriding processes especially.

904L grade stainless steel is unlike any other steel. Due to its extra amounts of chromium, molybdenum, nickel and copper, 904L steel features superior resistance to corrosion, rust and acids.

Flanges are the components that work as a connector between main pipes, valves or pumps. The most prominent advantage of the flange usage easy the ease of cleaning and inspection of the area connected by the flanges. Flanges are usually produced by utilizing welding or screwing methods. Flange systems make a joint between different components.

Steel Pipe Spools are also referred as prefabricated components of a piping system such as pipes, flanges and pipe fittings, and they are mounted during the development before sending them to the manufacture.

Prefabricated steel s as the name itself sounds, is made of pre engineered steel. Fabrication is done in controlled environment inside the factory and then sent to client location for assembly.